June 23, 2022
By Murtuza Merchant
Since the onset of the war waged by Russia on February 24, an outpouring of support has been streaming in from various avenues and personalities from across the world for Ukraine.
Apart from humanitarian aid from various organizations, Ukrainian officials have been appealing to the global crypto community to support their fight by donating crypto assets while artists have actually resorted to releasing bespoke non-fungible tokens (NFTs) themed around Ukraine and channeling proceeds to the cause.
Support from crypto fans and the community at large has been so immense that over $135 million in cryptocurrency donations have been raised by mid-May, as corroborated by Ukraineโs Deputy Minister for Digital Transformation, Alex Bornyakov.
A bulk of these funds have already been used to provide important essentials such as food for civilians and protective gear for the countryโs soldiers, with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy reiterating his belief that digital assets can bring about an economic breakthrough for countries like Ukraine considering Russiaโs constant threats to its banking system.
Leading in this endeavor is the war-torn countryโs own โMuseum of Warโ non-fungible token (NFT) collection that not only aims at raising funds but also captures important moments for the sake of posterity.
This NFT collection will eventually comprise between 5,000 to 7,000 NFTs, each priced at $450 each, and sold in chronological order with the content privy to only the NFT buyer.
This presents a unique opportunity for NFT fans and investors to not only support a great cause but also acquire what are arguably historic pieces of digital art that can see massive price appreciation in the future.
With all proceeds from the sale of these NFTs being directly credited to the official accounts of Ukraineโs Ministry of Digital Transformation and the fact that crypto-related transactions are immutable in nature, this could possibly be the most transparent and secure state funding drive ever to have been undertaken in human history.
Whatโs even more startling is the number of NFT projects that are helping the Ukrainian population in tiding over the unprecedented humanitarian crisis brought upon by the war.
A notable example is the ArtWaRks Ukraine project that has been put together by a some of the countryโs most prominent art historians, artists, media creators, and entrepreneurs, with the intention of providing aid to civilians and members of the countryโs military by auctioning NFTs that represent nearly eight years of war that the country is going through.
Featuring art from eminent personalities such as Vladimir Borodyansky, former Minister of Culture and Sports, each NFT will have prices starting from just ETH 0.07 and already features 63 uniquely minted pieces.
Another NFT project called World Save Ukraine is being led by over 500 Ukrainian artists, with each contributing art to create NFTs on the Holy Water platform, with the goal to raise over $1 million for the Ukrainian people.
Consisting of world-renowned artists such as Pavlo Makov, Tiberii Silvashi, Waone Interesni Kazky amongst many others, the collection has 80 unique artworks and will donate 100% of the sale proceeds to help rebuild damages caused by the ongoing conflict.
While it isnโt possible to collate all NFT projects that have sprung up in support of the second-largest country in Europe, initiatives such as Vandalz for Ukraine, Stand with Ukraine, and Avatars for Ukraine are further examples of how the Ukrainian population is reaching out to the world to stand up to the Russian assault and garner every possible support available.
The fact that the Ukrainian government and important figures like the President are vouching for NFT projects is a further acknowledgment of how NFTs are bringing about a revolution of sorts in the digital world, while clearly supporting on-ground efforts through monetary aid.
For those supporting Ukraine and its people by purchasing any of the above NFTs, they are effectively purchasing a piece of history and will be forever remembered for their noble contributions.
Notwithstanding the price appreciation that such memorabilia will eventually command, these NFTs are giving voice to the thousands of civilians who are battling for their lives and are playing a big role in drawing global attention to the current despicable state of affairs in Ukraine.
This is also another reminder of how Blockchain technology and its many manifestations can actually help safeguard human lives, even when other traditional mechanisms seem to be crumbling under the weight of war.
Maybe the only silver lining, but it does spark hope of the world progressing towards a digital economy driven by digital assets like NFTs and where social causes can be supported irrespective of geographic, cultural, or sovereign boundaries.
About the author
Murtuza Merchant is a senior journalist and an avid follower of blockchain and NFTs.
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ยซะะตัะผะตั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะตั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะณัะดยป, ะฝะพ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั ะปะธัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฑัะพะบะตััะบัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะธะปะธ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต.
ยซะะตัะผะตั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฒ ะะตะปะธะทะต, ะพััะพัะฝะพะน ะทะพะฝะต ะฒ ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะะผะตัะธะบะต. ะขะฐะผ ะถะต ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝ ะพัะธั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ. ะัะต ะฒ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐั ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐะตััั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั Hermes M ะฒ ะจะพัะปะฐะฝะดะธะธ. ะ ัะปััะฐะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฟัะธะดะตััั ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัััั ั ะทะฐััะฑะตะถะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน, ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐะตั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะฑะตัะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพะน. ะะพะปะตะต ัะพะณะพ, ััะธััะฒะฐั ัะตะฐะปะธะธ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ัั ะตะผ, ะฑัะฒัะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ััะพะปะบะฝัััั ะตัะต ะธ ั ะปะถะต-ััะธััะฐะผะธ, ะพะฑะตัะฐััะธะผะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ะธะผ ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพ, ะพััะฐะฝัััั ะฒ ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฑะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ, ั ะบัะตะดะธัะฐะผะธ, ะฑะตะท ะถะธะปัั ะธ ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒ (ั ะบะพะณะพ-ัะพ ะผะพะณัั ะพะฟัััะธัััั ััะบะธ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผะธ ะฒััะตะบะฐััะธะผะธ).
ะะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะฟะปะฐัะธั ะทะฐ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะพะฒัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะพัะบััะฒะฐััะธั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝัะต ััะตัะฐ ยซะะธััะฐยป (ะฟะพ ัััะธ – ะฝะธัะตะผ ะฝะต ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฝะฝัะต ัะธััั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะต ััะตะดััะฒ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ัะตัะตะท ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐ ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั(!), ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัััะธั ัะพะปั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะพะฒ LIG (ะฐ ััะพ ััะฐะทั ะฝะฐัััะฐะตั ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะ ะค ะธ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ัะตะณัะปััะพัะฐ), ะฒัะฒะพะด – ัะตัะตะท ะฟะตัะตะฟัะพะดะฐะถั ะฒะพะทะดัั ะฐ ะดััะณะธั ะฑััะฐัะธะฝะฐะผ. ะะพัะปะต ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธั LIG ะฒ ัะตัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ, ัะฐัั ััััะบัััั ะฟะพะปะฝั ะพะฑััะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะพ ะฟัะพะดะฐะถะธ ัะพะบะตะฝะพะฒ ะะธััะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัะตะปะตะน ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะตั)) ะธ ะฒัััะฟะฐััะธั ะฒ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั-ะฒะตะนยป. ะกะธััะตะผะฐ ะบะพะผะธััะธะพะฝะฝัั ะฒัะณะปัะดะธั ัะฐะบะพะน ัะฐะทะฒะตัะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะน ะธ ะฟัะพะดัะผะฐะฝะฝะพะน, ััะพ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ะฝะตะน ัััั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฒ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธัั ะธะปะธ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะต ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต.
ะกะฐะผ ะฟะพ ัะตะฑะต ัะตัะตะฒะพะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณ โ ะฒะฟะพะปะฝะต ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะพะฒัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฒัะณะปัะดะธั ะบะฐะบ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะน ะฒะธะด ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ, ะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะฟัะพ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะธ, ะฟะฐััะธะฒะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด ะธ ััะฟะตั ะฒ ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ััะพ ะฝะฐะฒะพะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝัะต ะฒัะฒะพะดั.
ะกััั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ัะฐะบะฐั: ะธะฝะฒะตััะพัั ะพัะบััะฒะฐัั ััะตั ะธ ะฟะตัะตัะธัะปััั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะดะพะปะปะฐัั ะธะปะธ ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฟะพะปััะฐัั ะฟะฐััะธะฒะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด. ะะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะฐั ััะผะผะฐ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะฐะบัะฐ โ 10 ััััั ะดะพะปะปะฐัะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะตะฒัะพ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั 1130 ะดะพะปะปะฐัะพะฒ ะธะปะธ 1100 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะพััะฐะฒััััั ััะผะผั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะดะพะฒะฝะตััะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต.
ะงัะพะฑั ะพัะบัััั ััะตั ยซะะธััะฐยป, ะฝะฐะดะพ ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ัะพัะผั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะณัะดยป. ะัะธ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ัะฐะนั ะฟัะพัะธั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะณะฐะปะพัะบั ยซะฏ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธะปัั ะธ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐั ััะปะพะฒะธั ัะบะฐะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฒ ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพะน ะพัะตััะตยป (ะฟัะฝะบััะฐัะธั ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะฐ).
ะะพ ัััะปะบะต ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตััั ะฝะต ะพัะตััะฐ, ะฐ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั ะพะฑ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะธ ััะปัะณ. ะ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะต ะฝะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะฝั ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธ ัะตะบะฒะธะทะธัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ั ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะทะฐะบะปััะฐะตััั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ัะตัั ะฒ ะฝะตะผ ะธะดะตั ะฝะต ะพะฑ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐะผะธ, ะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะฑ ยซะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ััะปัะณะฐั ะพะฑ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐั ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฐั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะปะพะผยป. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพั ะพะถะต ะฝะฐ ะพะฑะตัะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะฐััะธะฒะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด ะพั ัะปะพะฒะฐ ัะพะฒัะตะผ. ะขะฐะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ, ะทะฐะทัะฒะฐะปั ะฒ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฟััะฐัััั ัะนัะธ ะพั ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ.
[url=https://tass.ru/obschestvo/14338165]ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั ะฟะตัะฒัะต[/url]
ะงัะพะฑั ะพัะบัััั ััะตั ะธ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ะธะผ, ะฟัะธะดะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะธััะธะธ. ะัะต ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะพะฟะธัะฐะฝั ะฒ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะต:
ะะพะผะธััะธั ะทะฐ ะพัะบัััะธะต ััะตัะฐ: 100 ะตะฒัะพ ะธะปะธ 130 ะดะพะปะปะฐัะพะฒ.
ะะถะธะพ, ะธะปะธ ะฒั ะพะดะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะธััะธั: 7% ะพั ััะผะผั ะปะธัะตะฒะพะณะพ ััะตัะฐ. ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะตััั ะฟัะธะผะตั ัะฐััะตัะฐ: ะฟัะธ ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ 100 000 $ ะฐะถะธะพ ัะพััะฐะฒะธั 7000 $.
ะะพะผะธััะธั ะทะฐ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตัะพะผ: 1% ะฒ ะณะพะด ะพั ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐ ััะตัะฐ, ะฒะทะธะผะฐะตััั ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฟะพ 1/12.
ะะพะผะธััะธั ั ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ: 20% ะพั ะตะถะตะผะตัััะฝะพะน ะฟัะธะฑัะปะธ, ยซะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะฝะธั ะฟะฐััะฝะตััะบะธั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะธะปะธ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั, ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธะน ะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัยป.
ะัะฐะบ, LIG ัะพััะพะธั ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน: ะะตัะผะตั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด (ั ะธะดะตะตะน ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะธะฑัะปั ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั) ะธ ะะตัั-ะัะน, ัะฒะปัััะฐััั ะะะ. ะงัะพ ััะพ ัะฐะบะพะต?
ะญัะพ ะะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ (ะพะฑัะตะฟัะธะฝััะพะต ัะพะบัะฐัะตะฝะธะต โ ะะะ) โ ะฒะธะด ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะพัะตัะฐััะธะน ะฒ ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพ-ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะะ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั โ 215-ะคะ ยซะ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐั ยป. ะฆะตะปัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ัะฒะปัะตััั ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธั ะฟะพััะตะฑะฝะพััะตะน ัะปะตะฝะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะถะธะปัั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธัั ะฟัััะผ ะพะฑัะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะฝะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ:
– ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัั ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธะน;
– ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐัั ะธะผะตััะธะตัั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะถะธะปัั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธะน (ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะพะบะฒะฐััะธัะฝัั ะดะพะผะฐั ), ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะต ะถะธะปัั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะฐ ะธะปะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐ ะดะพะปะตะฒะพะณะพ ัััะพะธัะตะปัััะฒะฐ;
– ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะถะธะปัะต ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธั;
– ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะทะฐัะผะฝัะต ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, ะพะฑัะฐั ะฒะตะปะธัะธะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะฒััะฐัั ัะพัะพะบ ะฟัะพัะตะฝัะพะฒ ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะงะปะตะฝะฐะผะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต ะ ะค. ะะธะปะธัะฝัะน ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะพะทะดะฐัััั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ัะตะผ ะฟััะธะดะตัััะธ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ ะธ ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะฟััะธ ััััั ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ. ะะพะฝััะพะปั ะทะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัั ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธะน, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะทะฐ ัะพะฑะปัะดะตะฝะธะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะดะตะนััะฒัััะตะณะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตั ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ.
ะฃะถะต ะพัััะดะฐ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ััะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะปะธั ะธะท ััััะบััั LIG ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฆะ ะฝะต ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะต ะฒะผะตัะธะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ LIG ะปะธัะตะฝั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน. ะะพะถะตั ะธ ะฒะผะตัะฐะปัั.
ะัะปะธ ะณะพะฒะพัะธัั ะพ ัะธััะฐั , ัะพ ะฝะฐ 13 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ LIG ะฑัะปะพ ัะฒััะต 19 000 ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะธะทะพ ะฒัะตั ัะณะพะปะบะพะฒ ะ ะค. LIG ะฒัะบัะฟะธะป ะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะป ะฒ ะฑะตะทะฒะพะทะผะตะทะดะฝะพะต ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ 2 500 ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฟะพ 247 ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะปะธ ะฟะฐะน, ะพัะพัะผะธะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะะฝัะตัะตัะฝะฐั ััะฐัะธััะธะบะฐ – 19 000 ะฒัััะฟะธะปะธ, ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธะฒ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะน ะฒะทะฝะพั ะฒ 160 000 ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฝะพ ะปะธัั 8 ัะฐััั ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธะปะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะต 35% ะดะปั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฟัะธ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพัััั ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธะฒัะธะต ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะฟัะพะฟะธัะฐะฝั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐั – ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะถะธัะบะธ ัะพะฒะตััะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัะปะพะณะพ ะธ, ะฒะตัะพััะฝะพ, ัะพะทะฝะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะต ะฒะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะต ะพััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะต. ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะน ะ ะค ะฝะต ัััะตััะฒัะตั ะธะฝััะธัััะฐ ะฟัะพะฟะธัะบะธ, ะตััั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั, ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะฐั ะธ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะฐั. ะััั ะฝะฐะนะผ ะถะธะปัั ะธ ะตััั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะะพะฟััะบะฐั, ััะพ ะบะฐะบะฐั-ัะพ ัะฐััั ะปัะดะตะน ะฒัะต ะตัะต ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐั ะธ ะฝะต ะพัะพัะผะธะปะฐ ะธั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะฝะพ ััะพ – ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฝะพัะผะฐ, ะบะฐะบ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฒ ะกะกะกะ (ะณะดะต ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ะฑัะปะฐ ัะตะดะบะธะผ ัะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ).
ะะพ ัััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพััะตะดะฝะธะบ ะผะตะถะดั ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัะตะปะตะผ ะธ ะฟัะพะดะฐะฒัะพะผ ะถะธะปัั, ะฐ ััะพ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธะฒะฐะตั ัะธัะบะธ. ะัะธั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐะตั ะทะฐะบะพะฝ ะธ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะทะฐะบัะพะตััั ะดะพ ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฒั ะพัะพัะผะธัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั.
ะะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฒัะต ะฟะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั, ัะธัะบ ะฟะพัะตัััั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพััะฐะตััั. ะัะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพ ะบะฐะบะธะผ-ัะพ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฟะตัะตััะฐะฝะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั, ะตะณะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ัะฐัะฟัะพะดะฐะดัั. ะกะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะพะฝ ัะฐัััะธัะฐะตััั ั ะบัะตะดะธัะพัะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฒะตัะฝะตั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ โ ะฟัะพะฟะพััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพ ะธั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะผ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐะผ. ะฅะฒะฐัะธั ะปะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะดะตะฝะตะณ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะตัะฝััั ะฒัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะฝะตะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ.
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Tributes flood in for BBC sport commentator whose wife and daughters were killed in suspected crossbow attack
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ัะตะบั ะถะตััะพะบ
Figures from across the United Kingdom have offered their condolences to a BBC sport commentator, after his wife and two daughters were killed by an alleged crossbow attacker, in deaths that again drew attention to the epidemic of violence against women.
Carol Hunt, 61, wife of BBC horse racing commentator, John Hunt, and their daughters, Hannah Hunt, 28, and Louise Hunt, 25, died from injuries sustained in an attack in Bushey, just northwest of London, on Tuesday, according to police and Britainโs public broadcaster.
A 26-year-old suspect wanted in connection with the killings, and named as Kyle Clifford, was found by British police in Enfield, north London, on Wednesday, following a sprawling manhunt. There were no previous reports to the force over Clifford, who is in serious condition in hospital and is yet to speak with officers, Hertfordshire Police said in a statement.
A crossbow was recovered as part of the investigation, which police believe was used in a โtargeted incident.โ
Epidemic of violence against women
The killings of the three women rocked Britain, where mass murders are infrequent but violence against women and girls has been officially labeled as a national threat.
A woman is killed by a man every three days in the UK and one in four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime, the United Nationsโ special rapporteur on violence against women and girls, Reem Alsalem, said earlier this year.
Charities and human rights organizations have subsequently reiterated urgent demands to tackle femicide in the UK.
Tributes flood in for BBC sport commentator whose wife and daughters were killed in suspected crossbow attack
ัะผะพััะตัั ะถะตััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ
Figures from across the United Kingdom have offered their condolences to a BBC sport commentator, after his wife and two daughters were killed by an alleged crossbow attacker, in deaths that again drew attention to the epidemic of violence against women.
Carol Hunt, 61, wife of BBC horse racing commentator, John Hunt, and their daughters, Hannah Hunt, 28, and Louise Hunt, 25, died from injuries sustained in an attack in Bushey, just northwest of London, on Tuesday, according to police and Britainโs public broadcaster.
A 26-year-old suspect wanted in connection with the killings, and named as Kyle Clifford, was found by British police in Enfield, north London, on Wednesday, following a sprawling manhunt. There were no previous reports to the force over Clifford, who is in serious condition in hospital and is yet to speak with officers, Hertfordshire Police said in a statement.
A crossbow was recovered as part of the investigation, which police believe was used in a โtargeted incident.โ
Epidemic of violence against women
The killings of the three women rocked Britain, where mass murders are infrequent but violence against women and girls has been officially labeled as a national threat.
A woman is killed by a man every three days in the UK and one in four women will experience domestic violence in her lifetime, the United Nationsโ special rapporteur on violence against women and girls, Reem Alsalem, said earlier this year.
Charities and human rights organizations have subsequently reiterated urgent demands to tackle femicide in the UK.
ะะพะธะฝั-ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะทะฐัะธัั ะฒ ััะปั
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ
ะฃัะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะะตัั ะฒะตะน
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะต, ะฒ ััะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ. ะ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะผะธ, ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝั ัะพะฑััะธัะผะธ, ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะธะผะธ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะตะดั ะทะฐัะธัะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฒ ััะปั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝั ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผั ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ัะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ยซะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป
ะะฐัะฐะปัั ะัะธะณะฐัะพ, ะผะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะะ ะธะท ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบะฐ ะะฐะฝะธะธะปะฐ ะัะธะณะฐัะพ:
โ ะกัะฝ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปัั ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะตัะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด, ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะฟะฐะบะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตััั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะธ ะฒัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต ะพะฝะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธััั ะบะฐะบ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ. ะกัะฝ ะฑัะฐะป ะบัะตะดะธั, ััะพะฑั ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะพะดะฐัั ััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฒะทััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะพะฑะพะปััะต ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะตั โ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะฐัะตัั, ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะฒัะธะนัั ะพัะตะฝัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ, 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ, ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฐัะตััะต ะดะฒะฐะถะดั ะพัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝั ััะดะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฐัะตัั ั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ัะฝัั. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะบัะตะดะธั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั, ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃ ััะฝะฐ ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะน ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒัััะฝััั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ั ะ ะพััะตะตัััะพะผ โ ะฒ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะตั ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะตะปั-ะฟะพะปัะพัั, ะตะผั ะฝะต ะดะพ ััััะถะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ. ะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะะฝะฐะฟะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฝ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะผะตะฝั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะฐ ั ะฝะต ะผะพะณั ะธะท ะะฝะฐะฟั ะฟัะธะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบ ะธ ัะตัะฐัั ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต โ ะบัะพะผะต ะฟะพะตะทะดะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั, ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตัะต, ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ั ะพะดะธั (ะบะพะฝะตั ัะธัะฐัั).
ยซะะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะผั ะฟะธัะตะผ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป.
ยซะะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฒัะต ะฑััั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป
ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะะพะนะบะพ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ ะธ ะผะฐัั ัะพะปะดะฐัะฐ, ะฒะพััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะกะะ, ะดะปั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพะฝะฐ ัะพะฑะธัะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝั ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ยซะฏ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั. ะ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ะฃ ะผะตะฝั ะดะฒะพะต ะดะตัะตะน โ ััะฝ ะธ ะดะพัั, ะธะผ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะถะธะปัะต. ะ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ, ะบะพะผั ะตะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะพะดะพะฑัะธัั, ะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ ััะตะป ะฒ ะฐัะผะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฝะธะบ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะป ะบะพะฝััะฐะบั. ะะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะธ โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบัโ. ะัะผะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฟะพะถะธะฒะตะผ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะธ ััั ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ะฟะพะดะพะนะดะตั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะั ะพััะฐะฝะตะผัั ะถะธัั ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฐ ะดะตัะธ ะฒัะตะดัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะะฟะพัะตะบะฐ โ ััะพ ัะฐะทะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะะปะตะฝะฐ, โ ะผั ะฒะทัะปะธ 2,5 ะผะปะฝ, ะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ะปะตั ะพัะดะฐะดะธะผ 6 ะผะปะฝ. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะดะปั ะฝะฐั ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะบะฐะถะดะพะผั ะธะท ะดะตัะตะน ะถะธะปัะต: ะทะฐ 10 ะปะตั ะธะปะธ ัะฐะฝััะต ะพะฝะธ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐััััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน, ะธ ั ะฝะธั ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะถะธะปัะต. ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะฑััั ััะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะปะธัะตะฝัยป.
ยซะฏ ะฒัะตะผ ัะตัะดัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐั ะทะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะธัั โ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั โัะฐะทะผะพัะพะทะธัััโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะตะฝะฐ. โ ะะฑัะฐัะฐะตะผัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั โ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ. ะกะผััะป ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐั ั ะพัะพัะพ โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ัะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ: ะฝะฐั ัะพะณะดะฐ ะทะฐะบััะป ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ. ะะฐัะตะป ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะฒะพะด. ะะพ ะฝะฐััะพััะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผั ะผะตัะฐะปะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะพะฑะธัะฐัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฑััั ะฒัะต ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป.
ยซะะพะปััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะฐะตั ัะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะธะฝั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฐ ะทะดะตัั, ะฒ ััะปั, ะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ััััะบัััะฐะผะธ. ะขะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฑััั ะฝะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ!ยป
ยซะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะธัะบะธะฝะด โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะฒัะฐั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน โ ั ะดะพัะตััั, ะทััะตะผ ะธ ะผะฐะปะตะฝัะบะธะผ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ ยญ- ั ะะฐะปัะฝะตะณะพ ะะพััะพะบะฐ ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบัั ะพะฑะปะฐััั. ะะต ะทััั, ะถะธะฒััะธะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต ะกะะ. ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ะฒ ัะตะปะต ะััะบะฐัะฝะพะต ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะผั ั ะดะพัะตััั ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะธ ััะดะฐ. ะั ัะถะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะต ะดะพ ะบะพะฝัะฐ ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั, ะบัั ะฝะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตั: ะผะพะตะผ ะฟะพััะดั ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน. ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะทััั ัะถะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะธ ัะฐะทั ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะต, ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐััั ะฒ ะะขะ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตะฟัะพััะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะบะฐััะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ, ะดะพ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฐะปะตะบะพ, ะฐ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ โ ะฝะฐ ะปะธะฝะธะธ ััะพะฝัะฐ. ะั ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะถะธะฒะตะผ ั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะต ะบัะตะดะธัั โ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟะพะปะฟะตะฝัะธะธ ัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะธั ะพะฟะปะฐัั. ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตัั ะธััะตะบ โ ะฐ ั ะฑะพััั ะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะด, ััะพะฑั ัะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฝะตะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั. ะฏ ั ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะพะผ ะฝะฐ ัะปะธัั ะณัะปััั ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะถั ะฒ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะตะน ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพะฑััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต โ ัะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะดััะฝะพะน ััะตะฒะพะณะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะต. ะะพะฑััััะตะต ะฑั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะนัะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐะปะธ ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะฝัั ะทะพะฝั ะฒ ะฅะฐััะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ!ยป
ะะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะะฐัะธัะฐ ัะพะพะฑัะฐะตั, ััะพ ยซะธะฟะพัะตะบะฐ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะฒะตัะธะปะฐ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ััะพ 14 ััั. ะฒ ะผะตััั ะธ ะฒัะตะณะพ ะปะธัั 10 ะปะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะฐะถะต ัััะดะตะฝัะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั. ะัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะตัะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบ ะฟัะธะดะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะตัะต ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝั ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกัะตะดะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะธั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธัะฐ. โ ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะปะธัะธัััั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะั ะบัะดะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพ, ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบัั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะดะฐัั ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ััะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธะทะผะตะฝะธััั ะฒ ะปััััั ััะพัะพะฝัยป.
ยซะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป
ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐัะฐัะพะฒะฐ, ะทััั ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฝะตะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ััะฐััะฒัะตั ะฒ ะกะะ. ยซะฏ ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต ะฟะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะดะพัะตััั ะธ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ, ะฒะฝะพัะธะผ ะตะถะตะผะตัััะฝัะต ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพัััะปัะณะธยป.
ยซะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะทััั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ. โ ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ โ ะดะพัั, ะทััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฒะฝัะบ โ ัััะดะตะฝั, ะฒะฝััะบะต โ ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ. ะั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตััยป.
ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั , โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฝะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะฒััะฐัะฝะตะผ ะดะฝะต ะฝะตั. ะะธัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒ ะะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ, ั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผ ะบ ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั. ะัั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ััะด ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตัััยป.
ยซะฅะพัะตะปะพัั, ััะพะฑั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะพ ะฒะพะทะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑััััะตะต ัะตัะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ัะพะณะดะฐ ััะฐะปะพ ะฑั ะฟัะพัะต. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะธะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั. ะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััยป
ะะปะปะฐ ะฏัะพะฒะฐั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะััะธะณะพััะบะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน, ััะฝ ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะะณะพัั ะะฒะพััะพะฒ, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะปัะถะธั ะฒะฝัััะธ ัััะฐะฝั. ยซะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะปั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ััะฝะฐ. ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะพะฝะฐ ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดั, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐัั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธะปะฐ, ะฟะพัะพะผ ััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะทะฐ 1450 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะพัะพะผ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปะฐัั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะบะพะน ะฒ ะธะฝัะตะบัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผ ะพัะดะตะปะตะฝะธะธยป.
ะะพ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ะฟะพััะฝัะตั ะะปะปะฐ. ะ ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะต ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั, ััะด ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ััะพั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป. ยซะะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะผั ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะธะน ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะด, ะณะดะต ััะดัั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะทััะพ ะพัะฝะตััั ะบ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ะพัะบะฐะท, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะฅะพัั ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปัั ะฒ ะะธะฝะตัะฐะปะพะฒะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต ะธ ัะฐะผ ััะดัั ะฒัะฝะตัะปะฐ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะัะตะดััะพะธั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ โ ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะตะณะพ: ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตั. ะ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน โ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะตัััยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะปั ะปัะดะตะน ัะพ ััะตะดะฝะธะผ ะดะพััะฐัะบะพะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะธะปัะต, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะะตัะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั โ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะั ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ ั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั, ะฝะพ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ. ะ ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐะผ โ ั ะฝะฐั ะฑะตััั ะฝะฐะปะพะณ ะบะฐะบ ั ััะปะธัะฐ. ะะพัะตะผั ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะพะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั โ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะปะธัะฐ? ะะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั ััะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ะดะพะฑะธัััั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ัััะฐะฝะตยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ. โ ะญัะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะผั ะทะฐ ะฝะธั ะฑะพัะตะผัั. ะะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพัััะพะธะผ ะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ!ยป
ยซะะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะถะธัะตะปัะฝะธัั ะธะท ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะขะฐัััะฝั ะะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพ ััะฐััะธะน ััะฝ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ. ยซะขัะธ ะผะตัััะฐ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบะพะนโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะปะตัะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบัะฟะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑะพะปัััั. ะะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ, ะธ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป.
ยซะฏ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฝะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะะทะถั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะดั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต, ั ะพัั ะถะธะฒั ะฒ ะดะตัะตะฒะฝะต โ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะพะน, ะฐ ัะพ ะธ ััะธ ัะฐัะฐ, ะผะฝะต 64 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฐ ะฟััั ะฝะตะฑะปะธะทะบะธะน. ะ ััะฝ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะตะฝัยป.
ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ ะะฐัะฐะปัะธ ะ ะพะผะฐัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะฑัะปะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะฟะปะตะผัะฝะฝะธะบะฐ โ ะพะดะธะฝ, ะบ ัะพะถะฐะปะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพะณะธะฑ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะต, ะะฐัะฐะปัั ัะพััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐัััั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะฐะปัั. โ ะฏ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟะธัั ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะฒ ะฒัััะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐั ะปะธัะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพะดะฝะธ ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะฑะพััะฑั ะผั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตะผ!ยป
ยซะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ, ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั ะกะะ, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะดะฒะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดะปั ััะฝะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะพัะตั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปััะตะผ. ยซะะพ ััะพะณะพ ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฑะตะท ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะััะผ ะธ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ. ะ ะกะะ ััะฐััะฒัั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั โ ะฝะต ะพััะฐััั ะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััยป.
ยซะั ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะปัะดะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ. โ ะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ะ ะตัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ัะตะฐะปะธะทัะตััั ะฟะปะพั ะพะน ััะตะฝะฐัะธะน. ะฅะพัะตััั ะฝะฐะดะตััััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะพะฑัะฐะทัะตััั, ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฝะตะผ, ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะผะพััั: ััะพ ัะฐะผัะน ะปัััะธะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ ะฏะฝะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ัะพะดะพะผ ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบ, ะตะต ััะฟััะณ ะฟะพะณะธะฑ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ัะถะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต ะดะปั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะตะผัะธ, ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฒัะต ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะพัั. ะฅะพัะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะปะตะถะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฟะพะดะพัะพะถะฐะปะฐ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ั ะพัั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ััะตัะฐ ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธััััยป.
ยซะั ะฒัััะตัะบะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะฟะธััะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ, ััะพ ะผั ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัััะต, ะฐ ะฒะฟะพะปะฝะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะฐั ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ, ะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฒ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะปัะดัะผ. ะะดะตะผ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะฝะธะผัั ััะธ ะฐัะตััั. ะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป.
ะะพะธะฝั-ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะทะฐัะธัั ะฒ ััะปั
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ
ะกะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐ ะดะปั ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะต, ะฒ ััะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ. ะ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะผะธ, ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝั ัะพะฑััะธัะผะธ, ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะธะผะธ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะตะดั ะทะฐัะธัะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฒ ััะปั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝั ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผั ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ัะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ยซะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป
ะะฐัะฐะปัั ะัะธะณะฐัะพ, ะผะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะะ ะธะท ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบะฐ ะะฐะฝะธะธะปะฐ ะัะธะณะฐัะพ:
โ ะกัะฝ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปัั ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะตัะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด, ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะฟะฐะบะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตััั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะธ ะฒัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต ะพะฝะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธััั ะบะฐะบ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ. ะกัะฝ ะฑัะฐะป ะบัะตะดะธั, ััะพะฑั ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะพะดะฐัั ััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฒะทััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะพะฑะพะปััะต ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะตั โ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะฐัะตัั, ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะฒัะธะนัั ะพัะตะฝัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ, 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ, ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฐัะตััะต ะดะฒะฐะถะดั ะพัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝั ััะดะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฐัะตัั ั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ัะฝัั. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะบัะตะดะธั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั, ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃ ััะฝะฐ ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะน ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒัััะฝััั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ั ะ ะพััะตะตัััะพะผ โ ะฒ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะตั ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะตะปั-ะฟะพะปัะพัั, ะตะผั ะฝะต ะดะพ ััััะถะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ. ะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะะฝะฐะฟะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฝ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะผะตะฝั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะฐ ั ะฝะต ะผะพะณั ะธะท ะะฝะฐะฟั ะฟัะธะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบ ะธ ัะตัะฐัั ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต โ ะบัะพะผะต ะฟะพะตะทะดะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั, ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตัะต, ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ั ะพะดะธั (ะบะพะฝะตั ัะธัะฐัั).
ยซะะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะผั ะฟะธัะตะผ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป.
ยซะะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฒัะต ะฑััั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป
ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะะพะนะบะพ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ ะธ ะผะฐัั ัะพะปะดะฐัะฐ, ะฒะพััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะกะะ, ะดะปั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพะฝะฐ ัะพะฑะธัะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝั ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ยซะฏ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั. ะ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ะฃ ะผะตะฝั ะดะฒะพะต ะดะตัะตะน โ ััะฝ ะธ ะดะพัั, ะธะผ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะถะธะปัะต. ะ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ, ะบะพะผั ะตะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะพะดะพะฑัะธัั, ะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ ััะตะป ะฒ ะฐัะผะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฝะธะบ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะป ะบะพะฝััะฐะบั. ะะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะธ โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบัโ. ะัะผะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฟะพะถะธะฒะตะผ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะธ ััั ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ะฟะพะดะพะนะดะตั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะั ะพััะฐะฝะตะผัั ะถะธัั ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฐ ะดะตัะธ ะฒัะตะดัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะะฟะพัะตะบะฐ โ ััะพ ัะฐะทะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะะปะตะฝะฐ, โ ะผั ะฒะทัะปะธ 2,5 ะผะปะฝ, ะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ะปะตั ะพัะดะฐะดะธะผ 6 ะผะปะฝ. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะดะปั ะฝะฐั ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะบะฐะถะดะพะผั ะธะท ะดะตัะตะน ะถะธะปัะต: ะทะฐ 10 ะปะตั ะธะปะธ ัะฐะฝััะต ะพะฝะธ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐััััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน, ะธ ั ะฝะธั ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะถะธะปัะต. ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะฑััั ััะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะปะธัะตะฝัยป.
ยซะฏ ะฒัะตะผ ัะตัะดัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐั ะทะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะธัั โ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั โัะฐะทะผะพัะพะทะธัััโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะตะฝะฐ. โ ะะฑัะฐัะฐะตะผัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั โ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ. ะกะผััะป ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐั ั ะพัะพัะพ โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ัะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ: ะฝะฐั ัะพะณะดะฐ ะทะฐะบััะป ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ. ะะฐัะตะป ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะฒะพะด. ะะพ ะฝะฐััะพััะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผั ะผะตัะฐะปะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะพะฑะธัะฐัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฑััั ะฒัะต ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป.
ยซะะพะปััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะฐะตั ัะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะธะฝั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฐ ะทะดะตัั, ะฒ ััะปั, ะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ััััะบัััะฐะผะธ. ะขะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฑััั ะฝะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ!ยป
ยซะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะธัะบะธะฝะด โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะฒัะฐั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน โ ั ะดะพัะตััั, ะทััะตะผ ะธ ะผะฐะปะตะฝัะบะธะผ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ ยญ- ั ะะฐะปัะฝะตะณะพ ะะพััะพะบะฐ ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบัั ะพะฑะปะฐััั. ะะต ะทััั, ะถะธะฒััะธะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต ะกะะ. ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ะฒ ัะตะปะต ะััะบะฐัะฝะพะต ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะผั ั ะดะพัะตััั ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะธ ััะดะฐ. ะั ัะถะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะต ะดะพ ะบะพะฝัะฐ ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั, ะบัั ะฝะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตั: ะผะพะตะผ ะฟะพััะดั ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน. ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะทััั ัะถะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะธ ัะฐะทั ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะต, ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐััั ะฒ ะะขะ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตะฟัะพััะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะบะฐััะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ, ะดะพ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฐะปะตะบะพ, ะฐ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ โ ะฝะฐ ะปะธะฝะธะธ ััะพะฝัะฐ. ะั ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะถะธะฒะตะผ ั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะต ะบัะตะดะธัั โ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟะพะปะฟะตะฝัะธะธ ัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะธั ะพะฟะปะฐัั. ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตัั ะธััะตะบ โ ะฐ ั ะฑะพััั ะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะด, ััะพะฑั ัะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฝะตะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั. ะฏ ั ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะพะผ ะฝะฐ ัะปะธัั ะณัะปััั ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะถั ะฒ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะตะน ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพะฑััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต โ ัะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะดััะฝะพะน ััะตะฒะพะณะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะต. ะะพะฑััััะตะต ะฑั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะนัะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐะปะธ ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะฝัั ะทะพะฝั ะฒ ะฅะฐััะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ!ยป
ะะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะะฐัะธัะฐ ัะพะพะฑัะฐะตั, ััะพ ยซะธะฟะพัะตะบะฐ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะฒะตัะธะปะฐ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ััะพ 14 ััั. ะฒ ะผะตััั ะธ ะฒัะตะณะพ ะปะธัั 10 ะปะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะฐะถะต ัััะดะตะฝัะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั. ะัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะตัะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบ ะฟัะธะดะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะตัะต ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝั ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกัะตะดะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะธั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธัะฐ. โ ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะปะธัะธัััั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะั ะบัะดะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพ, ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบัั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะดะฐัั ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ััะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธะทะผะตะฝะธััั ะฒ ะปััััั ััะพัะพะฝัยป.
ยซะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป
ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐัะฐัะพะฒะฐ, ะทััั ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฝะตะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ััะฐััะฒัะตั ะฒ ะกะะ. ยซะฏ ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต ะฟะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะดะพัะตััั ะธ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ, ะฒะฝะพัะธะผ ะตะถะตะผะตัััะฝัะต ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพัััะปัะณะธยป.
ยซะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะทััั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ. โ ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ โ ะดะพัั, ะทััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฒะฝัะบ โ ัััะดะตะฝั, ะฒะฝััะบะต โ ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ. ะั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตััยป.
ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั , โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฝะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะฒััะฐัะฝะตะผ ะดะฝะต ะฝะตั. ะะธัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒ ะะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ, ั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผ ะบ ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั. ะัั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ััะด ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตัััยป.
ยซะฅะพัะตะปะพัั, ััะพะฑั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะพ ะฒะพะทะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑััััะตะต ัะตัะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ัะพะณะดะฐ ััะฐะปะพ ะฑั ะฟัะพัะต. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะธะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั. ะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััยป
ะะปะปะฐ ะฏัะพะฒะฐั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะััะธะณะพััะบะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน, ััะฝ ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะะณะพัั ะะฒะพััะพะฒ, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะปัะถะธั ะฒะฝัััะธ ัััะฐะฝั. ยซะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะปั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ััะฝะฐ. ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะพะฝะฐ ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดั, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐัั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธะปะฐ, ะฟะพัะพะผ ััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะทะฐ 1450 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะพัะพะผ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปะฐัั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะบะพะน ะฒ ะธะฝัะตะบัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผ ะพัะดะตะปะตะฝะธะธยป.
ะะพ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ะฟะพััะฝัะตั ะะปะปะฐ. ะ ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะต ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั, ััะด ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ััะพั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป. ยซะะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะผั ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะธะน ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะด, ะณะดะต ััะดัั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะทััะพ ะพัะฝะตััั ะบ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ะพัะบะฐะท, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะฅะพัั ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปัั ะฒ ะะธะฝะตัะฐะปะพะฒะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต ะธ ัะฐะผ ััะดัั ะฒัะฝะตัะปะฐ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะัะตะดััะพะธั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ โ ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะตะณะพ: ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตั. ะ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน โ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะตัััยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะปั ะปัะดะตะน ัะพ ััะตะดะฝะธะผ ะดะพััะฐัะบะพะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะธะปัะต, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะะตัะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั โ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะั ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ ั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั, ะฝะพ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ. ะ ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐะผ โ ั ะฝะฐั ะฑะตััั ะฝะฐะปะพะณ ะบะฐะบ ั ััะปะธัะฐ. ะะพัะตะผั ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะพะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั โ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะปะธัะฐ? ะะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั ััะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ะดะพะฑะธัััั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ัััะฐะฝะตยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ. โ ะญัะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะผั ะทะฐ ะฝะธั ะฑะพัะตะผัั. ะะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพัััะพะธะผ ะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ!ยป
ยซะะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะถะธัะตะปัะฝะธัั ะธะท ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะขะฐัััะฝั ะะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพ ััะฐััะธะน ััะฝ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ. ยซะขัะธ ะผะตัััะฐ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบะพะนโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะปะตัะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบัะฟะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑะพะปัััั. ะะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ, ะธ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป.
ยซะฏ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฝะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะะทะถั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะดั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต, ั ะพัั ะถะธะฒั ะฒ ะดะตัะตะฒะฝะต โ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะพะน, ะฐ ัะพ ะธ ััะธ ัะฐัะฐ, ะผะฝะต 64 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฐ ะฟััั ะฝะตะฑะปะธะทะบะธะน. ะ ััะฝ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะตะฝัยป.
ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ ะะฐัะฐะปัะธ ะ ะพะผะฐัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะฑัะปะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะฟะปะตะผัะฝะฝะธะบะฐ โ ะพะดะธะฝ, ะบ ัะพะถะฐะปะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพะณะธะฑ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะต, ะะฐัะฐะปัั ัะพััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐัััั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะฐะปัั. โ ะฏ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟะธัั ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะฒ ะฒัััะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐั ะปะธัะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพะดะฝะธ ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะฑะพััะฑั ะผั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตะผ!ยป
ยซะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ, ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั ะกะะ, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะดะฒะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดะปั ััะฝะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะพัะตั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปััะตะผ. ยซะะพ ััะพะณะพ ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฑะตะท ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะััะผ ะธ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ. ะ ะกะะ ััะฐััะฒัั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั โ ะฝะต ะพััะฐััั ะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััยป.
ยซะั ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะปัะดะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ. โ ะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ะ ะตัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ัะตะฐะปะธะทัะตััั ะฟะปะพั ะพะน ััะตะฝะฐัะธะน. ะฅะพัะตััั ะฝะฐะดะตััััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะพะฑัะฐะทัะตััั, ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฝะตะผ, ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะผะพััั: ััะพ ัะฐะผัะน ะปัััะธะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ ะฏะฝะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ัะพะดะพะผ ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบ, ะตะต ััะฟััะณ ะฟะพะณะธะฑ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ัะถะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต ะดะปั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะตะผัะธ, ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฒัะต ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะพัั. ะฅะพัะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะปะตะถะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฟะพะดะพัะพะถะฐะปะฐ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ั ะพัั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ััะตัะฐ ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธััััยป.
ยซะั ะฒัััะตัะบะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะฟะธััะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ, ััะพ ะผั ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัััะต, ะฐ ะฒะฟะพะปะฝะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะฐั ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ, ะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฒ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะปัะดัะผ. ะะดะตะผ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะฝะธะผัั ััะธ ะฐัะตััั. ะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป.
ะะพะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะะฐะฟะพัะพะถัะต. ะะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั
ััะธัั ะะฐะฟะพััะถะถั
โ ััะพ ะพะฟััะฝัะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะตััะธะน ะฒัััะตะต ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัะดะฐะฒัะธะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะธะนัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั
ะัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพ, ัะตัะบะพ ะธ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะดะตะนััะฒัััะธะผะธ ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะฐะผะธ.
ะั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ััะธััั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฝะต ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั ะธะปะธ ะผะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั, ะผั ะดะตะนััะฒัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฑะปะฐะณะพ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะธั ะทะฐัะธัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฃะบัะฐะธะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะฟะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะถะตะปัั ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะธััะฐัะธั ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฝะตะทะฝะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ะดะตะนััะฒัััะตะณะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัะบะพะปัะบั, ะฟัะพัะฒะธะฒ ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธะทะผ ะธ ััะฒััะฒะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ โ ััะฐะฒ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั ััะฒะตัะตะฝะธัะตัะฐ ัััะฐะฝั, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต ััะฐััะฒัััะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะฒัะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝะต ะฟะพัะปะต, ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฝะธะบะพะผั ะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝัะผะธ, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะน ััะฐะป ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะดะพะผ, ะฟะพัะตััะป ัะฐััั ัะตะปะฐ ะธะปะธ ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพััั, ะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั ะผั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั, ะธ ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั, ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะฐัััะฐ, ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะตะฝัะธะน, ะปัะณะพั ะธ ั.ะฟ.
ะขะพะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั, ะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะต ะพัััะพัะบะธ ะพั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฑะตะทะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐัั ััะฝะฐ ั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพัะตั ะธะฝะฒะฐะปะธะด 2 ะณััะฟะฟั, ะธะปะธ ะผะฐัั ะฟัะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ััะถะตะปะพะน ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะธ ะบ ะฟะพััะตะปะธ, ะธ ััะตะฑัััะฐั ะฟะพััะพัะพะฝะฝะตะณะพ ัั ะพะดะฐ. ะญัะพ ะถะต ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะธ ะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะผ, ัะฐะฟะพััะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะต ัะตะณะธัััะธัััััั ะฒ ะบะฐะฝัะตะปััะธะธ ะฒะพะธะฝัะบะพะน ัะฐััะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะธะณะฝะพัะธัััััั, ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธะบัััะธะตะผ ััะตัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน..
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะธััะฐัะธัั , ะผั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะะะะะะะซะฅ ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะพะน ะทะฐัะธัั, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ัะฒะพะน ะพะฟัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธ ะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะป ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ.
ะะพะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะะฐะฟะพัะพะถัะต. ะะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั
ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะฟะพ ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะฐัะธะธ
โ ััะพ ะพะฟััะฝัะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะตััะธะน ะฒัััะตะต ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ัะดะฐะฒัะธะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะธะนัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั
ะัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั ะฒ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝะพ, ัะตัะบะพ ะธ ะฒ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะธ ั ะดะตะนััะฒัััะธะผะธ ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัะผะธ ะฐะบัะฐะผะธ.
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Title: Guia Completo para Saques Seguros no Spin Casino
Description: Descubra como efetuar saques seguros e eficientes no Spin Casino, incluindo dicas praticas e opcoes de suporte.
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H1: Como Fazer Saques do seu Saldo no Spin Casino?
Bem-vindo ao guia definitivo para realizar saques no Spin Casino. Este artigo e projetado para ajudar voce a navegar pelo processo de retirada de seus ganhos de forma segura e eficaz. Aqui, cobriremos as melhores praticas para garantir que suas transacoes sejam nao apenas bem-sucedidas, mas tambem protegidas, alem de explorar as varias opcoes de suporte disponiveis para qualquer assistencia que voce possa precisar.
H2: Passo-a-Passo para Realizar Saques no Spin Casino
H3: Acesse sua Conta
Para iniciar o processo de saque no Spin Casino, o primeiro passo e acessar sua conta. Voce precisara entrar no site oficial do Spin Casino e clicar no botao de login. Insira seu nome de usuario e senha nos campos correspondentes. Certifique-se de que esta usando uma conexao segura para proteger suas informacoes pessoais.
H3: Visite a Secao de Saldo
Apos estar logado, navegue ate a secao de saldo ou caixa, geralmente acessivel atraves de um link direto na pagina inicial ou no menu de usuario. Aqui, voce podera ver o saldo disponivel em sua conta e outras informacoes financeiras relevantes.
H3: Escolhendo o Metodo de Saque
No Spin Casino, diversos metodos de saque estao disponiveis, incluindo cartoes de credito e debito, carteiras eletronicas, e transferencias bancarias. Escolha o metodo que mais lhe convem, levando em consideracao fatores como velocidade de transferencia, taxas aplicaveis, e a disponibilidade em sua regiao. Cada metodo tem suas proprias instrucoes e requisitos, que devem ser cuidadosamente revisados.
H3: Insercao dos Dados Necessarios
Depois de selecionar o metodo de saque, voce sera solicitado a fornecer os dados necessarios para processar a transacao. Isso pode incluir informacoes bancarias, detalhes da carteira eletronica ou numeros de cartao. Assegure-se de que todos os dados inseridos estao corretos para evitar atrasos ou problemas no saque. Apos preencher os campos requeridos, confirme a operacao e aguarde a notificacao de que seu pedido de saque foi recebido.
Com esses passos, voce pode eficientemente solicitar um saque do seu saldo no Spin Casino, garantindo que seus fundos sejam transferidos de forma segura para a conta de sua escolha.
H2: Metodos de Saque Disponiveis no Spin Casino
H3: Cartoes de Credito e Debito
Utilizar cartoes de credito e debito e uma das formas mais comuns e acessiveis para realizar saques no Spin Casino. Este metodo e apreciado pela sua familiaridade e pela ampla aceitacao. Ao escolher saque via cartao, geralmente, o tempo de processamento varia de 3 a 5 dias uteis. Importante verificar se ha taxas associadas e o limite minimo e maximo de saque permitido por transacao. As principais bandeiras como Visa e MasterCard sao aceitas, garantindo assim uma opcao segura e confiavel para acessar seus ganhos.
H3: Carteiras Eletronicas
As carteiras eletronicas, ou e-wallets, oferecem uma alternativa rapida e eficiente para saques. Opcoes populares incluem PayPal, Skrill e Neteller. Os saques atraves de e-wallets sao frequentemente processados em menos de 24 horas, tornando-os uma das opcoes mais rapidas disponiveis. Alem disso, eles oferecem um nivel extra de seguranca, pois nao exigem que voce compartilhe informacoes bancarias diretamente com o casino. Certifique-se de verificar a presenca de taxas de servico e os limites de transacao especificos para cada carteira eletronica.
H3: Transferencias Bancarias
Para aqueles que preferem uma abordagem mais tradicional, as transferencias bancarias sao uma opcao viavel. Este metodo e ideal para grandes saques, embora possa ter o tempo de processamento mais longo, variando de 5 a 7 dias uteis. As transferencias bancarias sao altamente seguras, sendo realizadas diretamente entre o casino e sua conta bancaria. No entanto, e essencial verificar as possiveis taxas de transferencia e os limites diarios ou mensais impostos tanto pelo Spin Casino quanto pelo seu banco.
Esses metodos de saque no Spin Casino oferecem flexibilidade e seguranca, permitindo que voce escolha a opcao que melhor atenda as suas necessidades financeiras e preferencias pessoais.
H2: Dicas para um Saque Eficiente e Seguro
Para garantir que seus saques no Spin Casino sejam tanto eficientes quanto seguros, considere seguir estas dicas praticas:
Verifique a Conta: Antes de solicitar um saque, certifique-se de que sua conta esta totalmente verificada conforme os requisitos do casino. Isso geralmente inclui a confirmacao de identidade e endereco, o que pode acelerar significativamente o processo de saque.
Leia os Termos e Condicoes: Conhecer as politicas de saque do casino, incluindo limites de saque, taxas e tempos de processamento, pode ajuda-lo a evitar surpresas desagradaveis.
Mantenha suas Informacoes Atualizadas: Assegure-se de que todas as informacoes em sua conta estao atualizadas, especialmente seus dados de contato e metodos de pagamento. Isso minimiza o risco de atrasos devido a dados desatualizados ou incorretos.
Escolha o Metodo Adequado: Selecione o metodo de saque que melhor se adapta as suas necessidades, considerando fatores como velocidade, seguranca e facilidade de acesso aos fundos.
Utilize Conexoes Seguras: Sempre acesse sua conta e realize transacoes financeiras atraves de conexoes seguras para proteger suas informacoes pessoais e financeiras.
H2: Contato e Suporte
O Spin Casino oferece varias opcoes para contato e suporte, garantindo que voce possa resolver qualquer questao ou problema relacionado aos seus saques de maneira rapida e eficaz:
Chat ao Vivo: Disponivel 24/7, o chat ao vivo e a forma mais rapida de entrar em contato com o suporte. Voce pode acessar esta opcao diretamente pelo site do casino.
E-mail: Para questoes menos urgentes ou para enviar documentos, o e-mail e uma excelente opcao. O Spin Casino geralmente responde dentro de 24 horas.
FAQ: Antes de entrar em contato direto, vale a pena conferir a secao de Perguntas Frequentes (FAQ) no site. Esta secao cobre uma ampla gama de topicos, incluindo saques, e pode fornecer respostas imediatas as suas duvidas.
Telefone: Alguns jogadores preferem o contato telefonico para discutir suas questoes. Verifique se ha um numero disponivel para sua regiao.
Utilizando esses recursos de suporte, voce pode assegurar que qualquer desafio ou duvida seja resolvido de maneira eficiente, permitindo uma experiencia de jogo tranquila e agradavel no Spin Casino.
?? Fazer saques no Spin Casino pode ser um processo simples e seguro, desde que voce siga as diretrizes adequadas e utilize os recursos de suporte disponiveis. Lembre-se de verificar sua conta, ler atentamente os termos e condicoes, manter suas informacoes atualizadas, escolher o metodo de saque adequado e sempre usar conexoes seguras. Com essas praticas em mente, voce esta pronto para desfrutar de seus ganhos com tranquilidade e seguranca.
FAQ:
Quanto tempo leva para processar um saque no Spin Casino?
Geralmente, o processamento pode levar de 24 horas a 5 dias uteis, dependendo do metodo escolhido. Carteiras eletronicas sao mais rapidas, enquanto transferencias bancarias podem demorar mais.
Existem taxas para saques no Spin Casino?
O Spin Casino pode aplicar taxas dependendo do metodo de saque utilizado. E crucial verificar os termos e condicoes especificos para evitar surpresas.
Como posso garantir que meus saques sejam seguros?
Sempre use conexoes seguras, verifique sua conta e escolha metodos de pagamento confiaveis. Alem disso, siga as diretrizes de seguranca fornecidas pelo casino.
O que fazer se tiver problemas com meu saque?
Nao hesite em contatar o suporte ao cliente atraves do chat ao vivo, telefone ou e-mail. Eles estao disponiveis para ajuda-lo a resolver qualquer questao rapidamente.
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ะะฐะบ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
ะะตะปะพ ะะตัั ะฒะตะน
ะะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะทะฐััะพะฝัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ, ะบะฐัะฐััะธะผัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 3,5 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะตะฟัะตััะฒะฝะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฟะพ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒั ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฝะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฝะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะพะฒะตัะฐ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒ ัะธัะปะต ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัััะฐะดะฐััะธั ะพั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ััะตะดััะฒ, ัััััะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะพัะฝะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ัะฐััั ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ัะฐััั ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตั ะธะปะธ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฐ ัะฐััั โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ยซะกะยป ะฟะพะพะฑัะฐะปะฐัั ั ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะทะฝะฐัั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะตยป
ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดั ะะพะปะดะผะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ะผะฐั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปะตั, ััะธ ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธั. ะัะธัะตะป ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ััะดะพะฒัะผ, ัะตะนัะฐั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ััะฐะฑะฐ ะฑะฐัะฐะปัะพะฝะฐ. ะัะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ โ ะตะณะพ ะผะฐะผะฐ.
ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒะพ ะะปะฐะดะธะฒะพััะพะบะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะฐะผะฐ, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝ. โ ะ ะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต, ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะธะต ะผะตัััั ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฟะพะณะฐัะธัั ะทะฐะดะพะปะถะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะต, ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั โ ะพะฝ ะดะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฑะตะท ะฑะพะปััะธั ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั. ะ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะผ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะฝะพัััั ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฒ ัะฐัััะพัะบัยป.
ยซะัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบยป
ะะฒะฐัะดะธะธ ััะดะพะฒะพะน ะะปััะบะพะฒ ะะฒะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปัะตะฒะธั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะขะฐะฝะบะธัั, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ 15-ะน ะพัะดะตะปัะฝะพะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะผะพัะพัััะตะปะบะพะฒะพะน ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะธะนัะบะพะน ะฑัะธะณะฐะดะต 2-ะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะพะฑัะตะฒะพะนัะบะพะฒะพะน ะฐัะผะธะธ ะฆะะ. ะะพะณะธะฑ 11 ะพะบััะฑัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะ ะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะฒะดะพะฒะฐ ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ ะะตัััะตะฒะฐ:
ยซะั ะฒะฝะตัะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั ะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒััะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ัะพะฑััะธั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะนัะธ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพะด. ะั ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะพ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะตะต ััะพะธะผะพััั ะดะพ 3 ะผะปะฝ ะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ั ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะฐะตะฒะพะณะพ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐ: ัััะฐะฒะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตััั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐัั ะธะท ะะพัะบะธะฝะพ ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบ. ะกะตะนัะฐั 3 ะผะปะฝ ั ะฒะฐัะธั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั-ัััะดะธั ะผะตััะพะฒ 25, ัะพ ะตััั ะผั ะฟะพะฝะตัะปะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะ ะฝะฐัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐั ั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัััะฟะฐั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผัะถ ะพัะตะฝั ะดะพะปะณะพ ััะธัะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะฟะฐะฒัะธะผ ะฑะตะท ะฒะตััะธ โ ะดะพะปะณะพ ัะปะฐ ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ, ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะพ ัะผะตััะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ 18 ะธัะฝั ััะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐยป.
ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ โ ััะธัั: ยซะะฐะบ ั ััะธััะฐ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบ, ะธ ะปัะฑะพะน ะฝะตะฟัะตะดะฒะทัััะน ััะธัั ะฒะฐะผ ัะบะฐะถะตั ัะพ ะถะต ัะฐะผะพะตยป. ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะตะฝ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั ะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ััะพ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะปะพัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ. ะัะปะธ ะฑั ะผั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝั, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพ ะธ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ, ะผั ะฑั ะฝะต ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ. ะั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะฏ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะถะดั ััะฐััะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ััะบะพัะฒะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะบัะธะทะธัะฐ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะปั ะผะตะฝั ััะพ ะตัะต ะธ ะฟะฐะผััั ะพ ะผัะถะต โ ะพะฝ ะฟัะพะดะฐะป ะดะพะปั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะตะผั ะฟัะธะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐะปะฐ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะปะพะถะธัััั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะผะฝะต ั ะพัะตััั ะฟะพะฝััั โ ะดะพ ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะฐะทะผะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะพะนัะธ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฝะฐั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะต ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะต ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฟะพะฝัะฐะฒะธะปะฐัั ะบะฐะบะธะผ-ัะพ ัะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐะผ?ยป.
ยซะ ะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพยป
ะกะตัะณะตะน ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒ, ััะดะพะฒะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะบ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะต ยซะงะตััั ะธ ะดะพะฑะปะตัััยป.
ยซะััั ะปะตั ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ั ััะฐะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะธะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะผะฐััะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะฃะถะต ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะธ ะฒััะฐะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ, ะธ ััะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตััั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะะพ-ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะผั ะฝะฐะดะตััั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพ. ะะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒยป.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะนยป
ะะณะพั ะะฒะบะพะฒ, ะพัะธัะตั ัะปะพัะฐ, ะดะธัะธะถะตั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะตัััะฐ, ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ยซะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต. ะะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะตะปะพ ะฝะต ะดะพัะปะพ, ะฝะพ ััะผะผะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะฐ ัะตััะตะทะฝะฐั โ ะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒัะต ะทะฐะฒะธัะปะพ. ะััั ะดััะทัั-ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะต, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะบะถะต ัะฒะปััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะพะถะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั โ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ั, ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฝะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐัั, ะฝะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัะต ะบ ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฒัะตะนัั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะตยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ. โ ะะพั ัะตัััะฐ ะถะธะฒะตั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ั ะฟะพะผะพััั โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ั ะฝะตะต ะผะฝะพะณะพะดะตัะฝะฐั ัะตะผัั, ัะตะนัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะต ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน. ะะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฐัะตััะพะผ ััะตัะพะฒ ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฒัะตะผัยป.
ะะะกะะะ, 7 ะผะฐั โ ะ ะะ ะะพะฒะพััะธ. ะัะฐะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตะผะพะต ะะธั ะฐะธะปะพะผ ะะธััััะธะฝัะผ, ัะนะดะตั ะฒ ะพัััะฐะฒะบั ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะฝะธะบ.
ะกัะฐะทั ะฟะพัะปะต ะธะฝะฐัะณััะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะฐ ะััะธะฝะฐ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะธะน ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตั ะผะธะฝะธัััะพะฒ ัะปะพะถะธั ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะธั ะฟะตัะตะด ะฒัััะฟะธะฒัะธะผ ะฒ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััั ะณะปะฐะฒะพะน ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ะัะพะณะพะฝ ะฟะพ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธั
ะกะธััะฐัะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ‘ะะตัั ะะตะน’ ะฒะพะฟะธััะฐั. ะะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ัััััะฐะผ ะปัะดะตะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ะถะธะปัะต ะฑะตะท ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝัั ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั, ะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ััะตัะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั, ะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะธะปะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะพะฒ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธะฒ ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ. ะะพะปะตะต 17 ััััั ะถะฐะปะพะฑ ะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะพััะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะพัะฒะตัะฐ. ะญัะพ ัะฒะฝะพะต ะทะปะพัะฟะพััะตะฑะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒะปะฐัััั. ะัะดะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฒะตัะฝััั ัะฒะพะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะพัะพัะผะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะั ััะตะฑัะตะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ ะธ ะฝะตะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะะพะธะฝั-ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะทะฐัะธัั ะฒ ััะปั
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะณะพัะพะฒั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ
ะัะตัั ััะตัะพะฒ ะะตัั ะฒะตะน
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะต, ะฒ ััะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ. ะ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะผะธ, ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝั ัะพะฑััะธัะผะธ, ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะธะผะธ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะตะดั ะทะฐัะธัะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ัััะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฒ ััะปั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะตะฝั ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผั ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ัะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ยซะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป
ะะฐัะฐะปัั ะัะธะณะฐัะพ, ะผะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะะ ะธะท ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบะฐ ะะฐะฝะธะธะปะฐ ะัะธะณะฐัะพ:
โ ะกัะฝ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปัั ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะตัะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด, ะฟะพะดะฐะป ะฟะฐะบะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตััั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะธ ะฒัะต ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะต ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต ะพะฝะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธััั ะบะฐะบ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ. ะกัะฝ ะฑัะฐะป ะบัะตะดะธั, ััะพะฑั ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะพะดะฐัั ััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฒะทััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะพะฑะพะปััะต ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะตั โ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะฐัะตัั, ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะฒัะธะนัั ะพัะตะฝัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ, 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ, ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฐัะตััะต ะดะฒะฐะถะดั ะพัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝั ััะดะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฐัะตัั ั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ัะฝัั. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะบัะตะดะธั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั, ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะดะพ ัะธั ะฟะพั ะฝะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃ ััะฝะฐ ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะพะน ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะน ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒัััะฝััั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ั ะ ะพััะตะตัััะพะผ โ ะฒ ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะตั ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะตะปั-ะฟะพะปัะพัั, ะตะผั ะฝะต ะดะพ ััััะถะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ. ะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะะฝะฐะฟะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะฝ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะผะตะฝั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั, ะฐ ั ะฝะต ะผะพะณั ะธะท ะะฝะฐะฟั ะฟัะธะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตััะตัะณะฐะฝัะบ ะธ ัะตัะฐัั ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะตะตัััะต โ ะบัะพะผะต ะฟะพะตะทะดะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั, ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตัะต, ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ั ะพะดะธั (ะบะพะฝะตั ัะธัะฐัั).
ยซะะฐ ะฑะตะทะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะผั ะฟะธัะตะผ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ะฝะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะะธะฝะธััะตัััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะพัะพะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ััะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะธััะฐัะธัยป.
ยซะะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฒัะต ะฑััั ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป
ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะะพะนะบะพ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ ะธ ะผะฐัั ัะพะปะดะฐัะฐ, ะฒะพััะตะณะพ ะฒ ะกะะ, ะดะปั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะพะฝะฐ ัะพะฑะธัะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝั ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ยซะฏ ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั. ะ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะฒัั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ะฃ ะผะตะฝั ะดะฒะพะต ะดะตัะตะน โ ััะฝ ะธ ะดะพัั, ะธะผ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะถะธะปัะต. ะ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะทะฐะณะพัะพะดะฝัะน ะดะพะผ โ ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ััะฝะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ, ะบะพะผั ะตะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะพะดะพะฑัะธัั, ะฐ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะพะฝ ััะตะป ะฒ ะฐัะผะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฝะธะบ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะป ะบะพะฝััะฐะบั. ะะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะธ โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบัโ. ะัะผะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะฟะพะถะธะฒะตะผ ะฒ ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะธ ััั ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ะฟะพะดะพะนะดะตั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะั ะพััะฐะฝะตะผัั ะถะธัั ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะฐ ะดะตัะธ ะฒัะตะดัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะะฟะพัะตะบะฐ โ ััะพ ัะฐะทะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะะปะตะฝะฐ, โ ะผั ะฒะทัะปะธ 2,5 ะผะปะฝ, ะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ะปะตั ะพัะดะฐะดะธะผ 6 ะผะปะฝ. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะดะปั ะฝะฐั ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะบะฐะถะดะพะผั ะธะท ะดะตัะตะน ะถะธะปัะต: ะทะฐ 10 ะปะตั ะธะปะธ ัะฐะฝััะต ะพะฝะธ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐััััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน, ะธ ั ะฝะธั ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะถะธะปัะต. ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะฑััั ััะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะปะธัะตะฝัยป.
ยซะฏ ะฒัะตะผ ัะตัะดัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐั ะทะฐ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะต ะฟะธัั โ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั โัะฐะทะผะพัะพะทะธัััโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะตะฝะฐ. โ ะะฑัะฐัะฐะตะผัั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั โ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ. ะกะผััะป ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐั ั ะพัะพัะพ โ ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ัะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ: ะฝะฐั ัะพะณะดะฐ ะทะฐะบััะป ะฆะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะฝะบ. ะะฐัะตะป ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะฒะพะด. ะะพ ะฝะฐััะพััะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะผั ะผะตัะฐะปะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะพะฑะธัะฐัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั, ะพััะฐะตััั โ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะถะต ะฑััั ะฒัะต ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะพยป.
ยซะะพะปััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะฒะพะทะผััะฐะตั ัะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะธะฝั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต, ะฐ ะทะดะตัั, ะฒ ััะปั, ะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ััััะบัััะฐะผะธ. ะขะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฑััั ะฝะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ!ยป
ยซะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป
ะะฐัะธัะฐ ะะธัะบะธะฝะด โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะฒัะฐั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน โ ั ะดะพัะตััั, ะทััะตะผ ะธ ะผะฐะปะตะฝัะบะธะผ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ ยญ- ั ะะฐะปัะฝะตะณะพ ะะพััะพะบะฐ ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบัั ะพะฑะปะฐััั. ะะต ะทััั, ะถะธะฒััะธะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ััะพะฝัะต ะกะะ. ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะดะฒัั ััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต ะฒ ัะตะปะต ะััะบะฐัะฝะพะต ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ โ ะผั ั ะดะพัะตััั ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะธ ััะดะฐ. ะั ัะถะต ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ. ะะต ะดะพ ะบะพะฝัะฐ ัะดะตะปะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั, ะบัั ะฝะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะตั: ะผะพะตะผ ะฟะพััะดั ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน. ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะทััั ัะถะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฝะธ ัะฐะทั ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฒ ะพัะฟััะบะต, ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐััั ะฒ ะะขะ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตะฟัะพััะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะบะฐััะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะธ, ะดะพ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะณะพ ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฐะปะตะบะพ, ะฐ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ โ ะฝะฐ ะปะธะฝะธะธ ััะพะฝัะฐ. ะั ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะถะธะฒะตะผ ั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะต ะบัะตะดะธัั โ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟะพะปะฟะตะฝัะธะธ ัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะฐ ะธั ะพะฟะปะฐัั. ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะตะตัััั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตัั ะธััะตะบ โ ะฐ ั ะฑะพััั ะตั ะฐัั ะฒ ะะตะปะณะพัะพะด, ััะพะฑั ัะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฝะตะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั. ะฏ ั ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะพะผ ะฝะฐ ัะปะธัั ะณัะปััั ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะถั ะฒ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะตะน ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ะพะฑััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต โ ัะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะดััะฝะพะน ััะตะฒะพะณะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะต. ะะพะฑััััะตะต ะฑั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะพะนัะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐะปะธ ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะฝัั ะทะพะฝั ะฒ ะฅะฐััะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ!ยป
ะะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะะฐัะธัะฐ ัะพะพะฑัะฐะตั, ััะพ ยซะธะฟะพัะตะบะฐ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะฒะตัะธะปะฐ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ััะพ 14 ััั. ะฒ ะผะตััั ะธ ะฒัะตะณะพ ะปะธัั 10 ะปะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะฐะถะต ัััะดะตะฝัะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั. ะัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะตัะตะท ะฑะฐะฝะบ ะฟัะธะดะตััั ะทะฐะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะตัะต ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะทะฐ ะพะดะฝั ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกัะตะดะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน, ััะพ ะฑัะปะฐ ะธั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธัะฐ. โ ะะท-ะทะฐ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะน ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะปะธัะธัััั ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะั ะบัะดะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพ, ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ัะปะธัะบะพะผ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบัั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะดะฐัั ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั, ััะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธะทะผะตะฝะธััั ะฒ ะปััััั ััะพัะพะฝัยป.
ยซะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป
ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ โ ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะกะฐัะฐัะพะฒะฐ, ะทััั ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะฝะตะน ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ััะฐััะฒัะตั ะฒ ะกะะ. ยซะฏ ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต ะฟะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒะผะตััะต ั ะดะพัะตััั ะธ ะฒะฝัะบะพะผ, ะฒะฝะพัะธะผ ะตะถะตะผะตัััะฝัะต ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะธ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพัััะปัะณะธยป.
ยซะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะทััั ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะัะดะผะธะปะฐ. โ ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะฝ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ โ ะดะพัั, ะทััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฒะฝัะบ โ ัััะดะตะฝั, ะฒะฝััะบะต โ ัะตัััะต ะณะพะดะฐ. ะั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตััยป.
ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั , โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฝะพ ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะฒััะฐัะฝะตะผ ะดะฝะต ะฝะตั. ะะธัะตะผ ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฒ ะะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ, ั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผ ะบ ะะพะปะพะดะธะฝั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั. ะัั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ััะด ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตัััยป.
ยซะฅะพัะตะปะพัั, ััะพะฑั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะพ ะฒะพะทะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑััััะตะต ัะตัะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ัะพะณะดะฐ ััะฐะปะพ ะฑั ะฟัะพัะต. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ะธะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั. ะั ะพัะตะฝั ัััะฐะปะธ. ะะพ ะฑะพัะตะผััยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััยป
ะะปะปะฐ ะฏัะพะฒะฐั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะััะธะณะพััะบะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน, ััะฝ ะบะพัะพัะพะน, ะะณะพัั ะะฒะพััะพะฒ, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปัั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะปัะถะธั ะฒะฝัััะธ ัััะฐะฝั. ยซะัะดะผะธะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะดะปั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ััะฝะฐ. ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะพะฝะฐ ะฒ 2017 ะณะพะดั, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐัั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธะปะฐ, ะฟะพัะพะผ ััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะทะฐ 1450 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะพัะพะผ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะฟะพััะตะฟะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต ัะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะปะฐัั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฐะฝะธัะฐัะบะพะน ะฒ ะธะฝัะตะบัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผ ะพัะดะตะปะตะฝะธะธยป.
ะะพ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะด ะฐัะตััะพะผ, ะฟะพััะฝัะตั ะะปะปะฐ. ะ ั ะพัั ะฐัะตัั 19 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ะธััะตะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะต ะฝะฐะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั, ััะด ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะต ััะพั ะฐัะตัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป. ยซะะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฝััะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะผั ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฒ ะััะธะณะพััะบะธะน ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะด, ะณะดะต ััะดัั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะทััะพ ะพัะฝะตััั ะบ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ะพัะบะฐะท, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะฅะพัั ะฐะฝะฐะปะพะณะธัะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปัั ะฒ ะะธะฝะตัะฐะปะพะฒะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต ะธ ัะฐะผ ััะดัั ะฒัะฝะตัะปะฐ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั. ะัะตะดััะพะธั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ โ ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะตะณะพ: ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะตั. ะ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะัะดะผะธะปั ะะฒะพััะพะฒะพะน โ ะฟะพัะตะผั-ัะพ ะตัััยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะปั ะปัะดะตะน ัะพ ััะตะดะฝะธะผ ะดะพััะฐัะบะพะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะธะปัะต, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะปะปะฐ, โ ะะตัะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะพะฟัะพั โ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ. ะั ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะธ ั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั, ะฝะพ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ. ะ ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐะผ โ ั ะฝะฐั ะฑะตััั ะฝะฐะปะพะณ ะบะฐะบ ั ััะปะธัะฐ. ะะพัะตะผั ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะพะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั โ ะผั ะถะต ัะธะทะปะธัะฐ? ะะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั ััะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ะดะพะฑะธัััั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ัััะฐะฝะตยป.
ยซ20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะพััะพ ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธัะฐ. โ ะญัะพ ะฝะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะผั ะทะฐ ะฝะธั ะฑะพัะตะผัั. ะะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพัััะพะธะผ ะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ!ยป
ยซะะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะถะธัะตะปัะฝะธัั ะธะท ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะขะฐัััะฝั ะะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพ ััะฐััะธะน ััะฝ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ัะตะฝััะฑัั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ. ยซะขัะธ ะผะตัััะฐ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั โะทะฐ ะปะตะฝัะพัะบะพะนโ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะปะตัะฐ 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบัะฟะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑะพะปัััั. ะะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ, ะธ ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป.
ยซะฏ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฝะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ. โ ะะทะถั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะดั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต, ั ะพัั ะถะธะฒั ะฒ ะดะตัะตะฒะฝะต โ ะตั ะฐัั ะดะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะพะน, ะฐ ัะพ ะธ ััะธ ัะฐัะฐ, ะผะฝะต 64 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฐ ะฟััั ะฝะตะฑะปะธะทะบะธะน. ะ ััะฝ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะตะฝัยป.
ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐััััยป
ะฃ ะฟะฐะนัะธัั ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ ะะฐัะฐะปัะธ ะ ะพะผะฐัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะฑัะปะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะฟะปะตะผัะฝะฝะธะบะฐ โ ะพะดะธะฝ, ะบ ัะพะถะฐะปะตะฝะธั, ะฟะพะณะธะฑ. ะะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะต, ะะฐัะฐะปัั ัะพััะพัะปะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต. ยซะะพั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑะตััะตะฝะธะฒะฐัััั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะฐะปัั. โ ะฏ ััะฐััะฒัั ะฒ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟะธัั ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะฒ ะฒัััะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐัััั ะฝะฐัะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐั ะปะธัะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั. ะะพะบะฐ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ะพะดะฝะธ ะพัะฟะธัะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะฑะพััะฑั ะผั ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตะผ!ยป
ยซะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ, ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั ะกะะ, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะดะฒะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ะธ ะดะปั ััะฝะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะพัะตั ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปััะตะผ. ยซะะพ ััะพะณะพ ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฑะตะท ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะัััะฟะธะปะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะััะผ ะธ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ. ะ ะกะะ ััะฐััะฒัั ะบะฐะบ ะฒะพะปะพะฝัะตั โ ะฝะต ะพััะฐััั ะฒ ััะพัะพะฝะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััยป.
ยซะั ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะปัะดะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝะฐ. โ ะกะธััะฐัะธั โ ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ะ ะตัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ัะตะฐะปะธะทัะตััั ะฟะปะพั ะพะน ััะตะฝะฐัะธะน. ะฅะพัะตััั ะฝะฐะดะตััััั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะพะฑัะฐะทัะตััั, ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะต ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ััะตะดััะฒ ั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ััะฐััะธะต ะฒ ะฝะตะผ, ะณะพัะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะผะพััั: ััะพ ัะฐะผัะน ะปัััะธะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป.
ยซะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป
ะะฐะนัะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ ะฏะฝะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ัะพะดะพะผ ะธะท ะฅะฐะฑะฐัะพะฒัะบะฐ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบ, ะตะต ััะฟััะณ ะฟะพะณะธะฑ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ัะถะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต ะดะปั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัะตะผัะธ, ะผั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ. โ ะะพ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฒัะต ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะปะพัั. ะฅะพัะตะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะพััะธะนัะบะต. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะปะตะถะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฟะพะดะพัะพะถะฐะปะฐ. ะะฐะดะตะตะผัั ั ะพัั ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ััะตัะฐ ัะฐะทะฑะปะพะบะธััััยป.
ยซะั ะฒัััะตัะบะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะะฐัะธะฝะฐ. โ ะะฐะฟะธััะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ, ััะพ ะผั ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัััะต, ะฐ ะฒะฟะพะปะฝะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะฐั ะฝะต ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ, ะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฒ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะปัะดัะผ. ะะดะตะผ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ัะฝะธะผัั ััะธ ะฐัะตััั. ะกะดะฐะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐั ะฝะตัยป.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะปั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั
ะะฐะบ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
ะะ ะะตััะฒะตะน
ะะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะทะฐััะพะฝัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ, ะบะฐัะฐััะธะผัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 3,5 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะตะฟัะตััะฒะฝะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฟะพ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒั ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฝะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะฝะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะพะฒะตัะฐ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒ ัะธัะปะต ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัััะฐะดะฐััะธั ะพั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ััะตะดััะฒ, ัััััะธ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธั , ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะพัะฝะธ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ัะฐััั ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ัะฐััั ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตั ะธะปะธ ัะพะฑัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั, ะฐ ัะฐััั โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฒัััะฟะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ยซะกะยป ะฟะพะพะฑัะฐะปะฐัั ั ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะธ ะธั ัะพะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะทะฝะฐัั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ัะพะฑััะธัะผ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะตยป
ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดั ะะพะปะดะผะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ั ะผะฐั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะฑัะพะฒะพะปะตั, ััะธ ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธั. ะัะธัะตะป ะฝะฐ ะกะะ ััะดะพะฒัะผ, ัะตะนัะฐั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ััะฐะฑะฐ ะฑะฐัะฐะปัะพะฝะฐ. ะัะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ โ ะตะณะพ ะผะฐะผะฐ.
ยซะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฒะพ ะะปะฐะดะธะฒะพััะพะบะต, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฟัะพะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผะฐะผะฐ, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝ. โ ะ ะฐัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะต, ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะธะต ะผะตัััั ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฟะพะณะฐัะธัั ะทะฐะดะพะปะถะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฟะตัะตะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะธ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะตะต, ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั โ ะพะฝ ะดะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฑะตะท ะฑะพะปััะธั ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั. ะ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะผ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพัะฝะพัััั ะพััะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฒ ัะฐัััะพัะบัยป.
ยซะัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบยป
ะะฒะฐัะดะธะธ ััะดะพะฒะพะน ะะปััะบะพะฒ ะะฒะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปัะตะฒะธั โ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะท ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะขะฐะฝะบะธัั, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะป ัะปัะถะฑั ะฒ 15-ะน ะพัะดะตะปัะฝะพะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะผะพัะพัััะตะปะบะพะฒะพะน ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะธะนัะบะพะน ะฑัะธะณะฐะดะต 2-ะน ะณะฒะฐัะดะตะนัะบะพะน ะพะฑัะตะฒะพะนัะบะพะฒะพะน ะฐัะผะธะธ ะฆะะ. ะะพะณะธะฑ 11 ะพะบััะฑัั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะ ะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะฒะดะพะฒะฐ ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ ะะตัััะตะฒะฐ:
ยซะั ะฒะฝะตัะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั ะธ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะต 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒััะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ัะพะฑััะธั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะตะณะพ ััะตัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะนัะธ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ัะตัะตะท ะณะพะด. ะั ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะดะปั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะพ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะตะต ััะพะธะผะพััั ะดะพ 3 ะผะปะฝ ะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะดะฒัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ั ัะฒะตะปะธัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะฐะตะฒะพะณะพ ะฒะทะฝะพัะฐ: ัััะฐะฒะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตััั, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฟะตัะตะตั ะฐัั ะธะท ะะพัะบะธะฝะพ ะฒ ะงะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบ. ะกะตะนัะฐั 3 ะผะปะฝ ั ะฒะฐัะธั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะฑะพะปัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั-ัััะดะธั ะผะตััะพะฒ 25, ัะพ ะตััั ะผั ะฟะพะฝะตัะปะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ัะพะฑัะฐะปะธ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั. ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะ ะฝะฐัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐั ั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัััะฟะฐั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผัะถ ะพัะตะฝั ะดะพะปะณะพ ััะธัะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะฟะฐะฒัะธะผ ะฑะตะท ะฒะตััะธ โ ะดะพะปะณะพ ัะปะฐ ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ, ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะพ ัะผะตััะธ ะผั ะฟะพะปััะธะปะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ 18 ะธัะฝั ััะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐยป.
ะขะฐัััะฝะฐ โ ััะธัั: ยซะะฐะบ ั ััะธััะฐ ั ะผะตะฝั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะต ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะบ, ะธ ะปัะฑะพะน ะฝะตะฟัะตะดะฒะทัััะน ััะธัั ะฒะฐะผ ัะบะฐะถะตั ัะพ ะถะต ัะฐะผะพะตยป. ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะพะฝะฐ, โ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะตะฝ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั ะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ััะพ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะปะพัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ. ะัะปะธ ะฑั ะผั ั ะผัะถะตะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝั, ััะพ ะฒัะต ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝะพ ะธ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ, ะผั ะฑั ะฝะต ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ. ะั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะฏ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะถะดั ััะฐััะปะธะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ััะบะพัะฒะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะบัะธะทะธัะฐ ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะปั ะผะตะฝั ััะพ ะตัะต ะธ ะฟะฐะผััั ะพ ะผัะถะต โ ะพะฝ ะฟัะพะดะฐะป ะดะพะปั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะตะผั ะฟัะธะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐะปะฐ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะปะพะถะธัััั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะผะฝะต ั ะพัะตััั ะฟะพะฝััั โ ะดะพ ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะฐะทะผะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะพะนัะธ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฝะฐั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะต ะฒ ะฟะปะฐะฝะต ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฟะพะฝัะฐะฒะธะปะฐัั ะบะฐะบะธะผ-ัะพ ัะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐะผ?ยป.
ยซะ ะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพยป
ะกะตัะณะตะน ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒ, ััะดะพะฒะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะบ ะฝะฐะณัะฐะดะต ยซะงะตััั ะธ ะดะพะฑะปะตัััยป.
ยซะััั ะปะตั ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ั ััะฐะป ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ััะฐััะฒะพะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟัะธะฑัะตััะธ ะพะดะฝะพะบะพะผะฝะฐัะฝัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะผะฐััะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะฃะถะต ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟะพะดะฑะธัะฐัั ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะธ ะฒััะฐะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ, ะธ ััะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตััั ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั. ะะพ-ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะผั ะฝะฐะดะตััั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝัะธััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะฝะพ. ะะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒยป.
ยซะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะนยป
ะะณะพั ะะฒะบะพะฒ, ะพัะธัะตั ัะปะพัะฐ, ะดะธัะธะถะตั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะตัััะฐ, ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ยซะฏ ะฝะฐั ะพะถััั ะฒ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะต โ ะฟะปะฐะฝะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต. ะะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะธ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ะดะตะปะพ ะฝะต ะดะพัะปะพ, ะฝะพ ััะผะผะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะฐ ัะตััะตะทะฝะฐั โ ะธ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒัะต ะทะฐะฒะธัะปะพ. ะััั ะดััะทัั-ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพัะปัะถะฐัะธะต, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะบะถะต ัะฒะปััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะพะถะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะฐะตะฒัะน ะฒะทะฝะพั โ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ั, ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะฝะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐัั, ะฝะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ััะตัะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั. ะัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัะต ะบ ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฒัะตะนัั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะตยป.
ยซะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐั, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ. โ ะะพั ัะตัััะฐ ะถะธะฒะตั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ั ะฟะพะผะพััั โะะตัั ะะตะนโ โ ั ะฝะตะต ะผะฝะพะณะพะดะตัะฝะฐั ัะตะผัั, ัะตะนัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะฐั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ะตะต ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััั. ะะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐั โ ะฝะตัะพะฟะพััะฐะฒะธะผะพ ั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะพะน. ะะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ัะธััะฐัะธั ั ะฐัะตััะพะผ ััะตัะพะฒ ัะฐะทัะตัะธััั ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ะฒัะตะผัยป.
Complaints have flooded social media since the videoโs release, with residents saying it fails to show the modern side of their country. Many claim the footage was edited to seemingly appear old-fashioned, with a faded sepia tone, and that the camera focuses on shabby architecture.
ัะฐะท ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั
Others have complained about the videoโs airport scenes, during which one of the characters loses his luggage and seeks help from a local ground staff member called โHappy.โ
โWhen I watched it, I was thinking, this was Thailand 50 years ago. This looked like Thailand 70 years ago. There were no segments showing the modernity of my home,โ David William, an American content creator based in Thailand, said in Thai in a TikTok video that has been viewed over 11 million times.
In an interview with CNN, he said heโs never seen โa cab that looked that bad beforeโ in his nearly 10 years in the country, adding Thailandโs main gateway, Suvarnabhumi Airport is just as modern as New Yorkโs John F. Kennedy International Airport.
โThailand is a modern, safe and beautiful country,โ he said. โI just hope donโt misunderstand.โ
Echoing his view, Facebook user Nipawan Labbunruang said the video makes Thailand look โterrible.โ
โWhat is this clip trying to present?โ she wrote in a post that received 1,900 likes.
Complaints have flooded social media since the videoโs release, with residents saying it fails to show the modern side of their country. Many claim the footage was edited to seemingly appear old-fashioned, with a faded sepia tone, and that the camera focuses on shabby architecture.
ะถะตััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ
Others have complained about the videoโs airport scenes, during which one of the characters loses his luggage and seeks help from a local ground staff member called โHappy.โ
โWhen I watched it, I was thinking, this was Thailand 50 years ago. This looked like Thailand 70 years ago. There were no segments showing the modernity of my home,โ David William, an American content creator based in Thailand, said in Thai in a TikTok video that has been viewed over 11 million times.
In an interview with CNN, he said heโs never seen โa cab that looked that bad beforeโ in his nearly 10 years in the country, adding Thailandโs main gateway, Suvarnabhumi Airport is just as modern as New Yorkโs John F. Kennedy International Airport.
โThailand is a modern, safe and beautiful country,โ he said. โI just hope donโt misunderstand.โ
Echoing his view, Facebook user Nipawan Labbunruang said the video makes Thailand look โterrible.โ
โWhat is this clip trying to present?โ she wrote in a post that received 1,900 likes.
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะขะะะขะะงะะกะะะ ะะงะะ 5.11
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
ะงัะพ ะทะฐ ะผะพะณััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะตะผ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ?
ะะพะฒะฐั ัะตัะธั ะถััะฝะฐะปะธัััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะผ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ะดะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
ะัะฒัะธะน ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ัะตะณะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน IT-ัะปัะถะฑั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะผะตััั ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฒะทะพัะฒะฐะปัั ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฒัะตะผ ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั โ ะบะพัะพััะต ะพะฝ ะฒะฝะตะทะฐะฟะฝะพ ะฒะฝะพะฒั ะทะฐะฒะตะป.
ะะฐะป ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ โ ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะตะฐะบัะธั ะฝะฐ ััะฐััะธ ะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ ะพ ะฝะตะผ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพััั ั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผะธ ะฒ ััะบะฐั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะพัั, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพะฝ, ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพะนะผะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฝะฐ ะฒะพัะพะฒััะฒะต ะฟััะฝะธัะฐ, ะฝะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝ ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะปัะฝะธะบ, ัะฐะทัััะธะป ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะธะป ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ. ะัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะตะณะพ ัะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะตะปะธ, ะฐ ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะพ-ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธั ะฝะต ะดะฐัั ัะผะพะปัะฐัั.
ะ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัั ะพะฝ ะฝะต ัะบััะฒะฐะตั ััะฒััะฒ: ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะฒัะตั ยซะฟะพััะฐะฒะธั ัะฐะบะพะผยป; ััะพ ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะฐะถะต ัะฑะธัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฟะพะฝะฐะดะพะฑะธััั. ะ ะตะผั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะทะฐ ะฝะธะผ ััะพะธั ะฝะตะบะธะน ะผะพะณััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒัััะธะน ะตะผั, ั ะบะพัะพััะผ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะธะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัั.
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะธะท ััะธั ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผัะผ ะธ ะฟะพััะพะฒ ะฒ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟัะพัะฟะฐะฒัะธัั, ััะธัะฐะตั โ ะฝะพ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะตะณะพ ะฒะธะทะฐะฒะธ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธั ัะพั ัะฐะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะธั ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ.
ะะธะดะตะพ ะฝะฐ ะฒะธะดะตะพ
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะฒะธะดะตะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต โ ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ะฒ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะฒะตั ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธั ัะฒะพะตะน ะฑัะฒัะตะน ััะฟััะณะธ, ะณะดะต ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฑัะป ัะบะพะฑั ะฝะฐ ะดััะถะตัะบะพะน ะฝะพะณะต ั ัะพะทะดะฐัะตะปะตะผ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะต ัะฐัะบัะพะตั ะฒัะต ะตะณะพ ัะตะบัะตัั ะธ ัะฐััะบะฐะถะตั ะฒัะต ะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป.
ะฅะพัั ะฒ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะผ ััะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะทะฒะตะฝะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะต ยซัะพะฟะพะผยป, ะบะฐะบ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั, ะฒ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะต ะณะพะดั โ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน IT-ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป. ะะพะณะดะฐ-ัะพ ัะฐะปะฐะฝัะปะธะฒัะน ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะธัั ะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะพั, ะพะฝ ัะฒะฝะพ ะดะตะณัะฐะดะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะฐะทะฒะธะฒะฐััะตะนัั ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะพะน ะธ ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบะพะน ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ, ะฐ ะฟะพะฟััะบะธ ะตะผั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฝะต ัะฒะตะฝัะธะฒะฐะปะธัั ััะฟะตั ะพะผ.
ะงัะพ ะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะตััะฒะฐ ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะพะผยป โ ััะพ ะตะณะพ ะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝััะฐะบั, ั ะพัั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะน ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะฐะฑะพัะต ั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน โ ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะผ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะน ั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะธะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฝะธ ัะพะฒะปะฐะดะตะปััะตะผ, ะฝะธ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะฒ ะะตะปะธะทะต ะธ ะธะผะตััะตะน ะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะธั ะฒ ะะฒัััะธะธ.
ยซะะฝะต ัะณัะพะถะฐัั!ยป
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะปัะฑะธะผัั ัะตะผ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟะพััะพะฒ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ โ ัะณัะพะทั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะตะผั ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั. ะะฝ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะตั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัััะธะต ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธั โ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั ัะฐะบะพะต.
ะงัะพ ะทะฐ ะผะพะณััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะตะผ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ?
ะัะต ััะธ ยซะฑัะดั ะผัะถะธะบะพะผยป ะธ ยซัะนะตะดั ะธ ะปัะณ ะฝะฐ ะดะฝะพยป ะฒัะดะฐัั ัะบะพัะตะต ะฝะตะฑะพะณะฐััะน ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธะน ะผะธั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธะฟะธััะฒะฐะตั ะฒัะผััะปะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะพะฟะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฝัะต ัะปะพะฒะตัะบะธ. ะะธะบัะพ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะต ะฑะพะธััั โ ะฝะฐะพะฑะพัะพั, ะตะณะพ ะฟะตัะตะบัะตััะฝัะน ะดะพะฟัะพั ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ะณะดะต ัะตะนัะฐั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะถะตะปะฐัะตะปะตะฝ ะดะปั ะพะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั .
ะญัะพ ัะฐะผ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะพะฟะฐัะฐะตััั ะฟะพัะฒะปััััั ะฒ ััะดะต โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะฝะต ะบะพะฝััะพะปะธััะตั ัะฒะพะธ ัะพััะพัะฝะธั ะธ ะณะพะปะพัะปะพะฒะฝะพััั ะตะณะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะฑัะดะตั ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะฐ. ะัะดะตั ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ ะธ ัะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ััะฐัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ โ ััะพ ั ะพัะพัะพ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐัั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปะธ/ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะฒัะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะตะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพั ะฝะต ัะพััะพัะปัั ะฟะพ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะต ยซัะณัะพะท ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธยป.
ะะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝัะบะพะต ัะธะปะพัะพัััะฒะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต
ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ั ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ัะตะบััะตะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะธั ะฟะพััะฐั ะฟััะบะฐะตััั ะฒ ัะธะฟะธัะฝัะต ะดะปั ยซะณัะธะฑะฝัั ยป ะฝะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝะพะฒ ัะธะปะพัะพััะบะธะต ัะฐัััะถะดะตะฝะธั โ ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะพ ยซะบะพัะผะธัะตัะบะพะน ัะธะปะต ัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะธัยป.
ะ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒ ัะฐัััะถะดะตะฝะธั ะพ ะฟัะธัะพะดะต ะถะตะฝัะบะพะน ะบัะฐัะพัั โ ะบะพัะพััะต ัะผะพัััััั ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะธะบะพ ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฑะธะป ัะฒะพั ะถะตะฝั ะะธะบัะพัะธั ะธ ะปัะฑะพะฒะฝะธัั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝั.
ะัะพ ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปั?
ะัะฒัะฐั ััะฟััะณะฐ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะะธะบัะพัะธั ะฟัะตะดะฟะพะปะพะถะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ััะพ ัะบั-ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ะฃะญะะธะะ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ. ะะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ัะผะตะฝะธะปัั โ ะฐ ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปั ะพััะฐะปัั, ะฟะพ ะบัะฐะนะฝะตะน ะผะตัะต ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะญัะพั ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปั โ ั ะะธัะตะนะฝะพะณะพ?
ะั ัะฐะฝะพ ะธะปะธ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะพ ัะทะฝะฐะตะผ, ะบัะพ ััะพ. ะ ะตะดะฐะบัะธั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะตะผั ัะฐะผะพะผั ะฒัะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐั ะธ ะฒััััะฟะธัั ั ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธะตะผ โ ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะฝ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ััะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดะพะฝะบะฐ?
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั
ะะ ะะตััะฒะตะน
ะฆะ ะฑะปะพะบะธััะตั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธะน ัะพัั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะน ั ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ ะฟัะพัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ัะบัะฟะตััั ัะฑะตะถะดะตะฝั, ััะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ัะตะบัะพัะฐ, ัะตะบัะพัะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฝะตะผััะปะธะผะพ ะฑะตะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ โ ะฝะตะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั ะฐะบะบัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะฐััะฝัั ะดะตะฝะตะณ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะธั ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐัั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ั ะธั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะถะธะปัะต ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ัะธัะพะบะธั ัะปะพะตะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ, ะบะฐะบ ัะตะนัะฐั.
ะะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต โ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฟัะธะฒะตะปะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะบ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะผะตัะฐะผ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ัะตะนัะฐั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ะบ ะบะพัะพัะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต โ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะธ ะัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ โ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒัะทะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ.
ะะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ัะพะฒะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั VII ัะพะทัะฒะฐ ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะตะบะฐ, ะฒัััะฝะธะปะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผััะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะธััะพัะธั: ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฆะ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะบะพะฑั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ััะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ, ััะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะบะพะตะณะพ ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน ะฎะถะฝะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฆะ ะพั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะป ะฝะตะบะธะน ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะพัะบััััั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะตะป, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะฐ. ะ ัะฒะธะดะตัั ะธั ัะบะพัะตะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฝะตะปัะทั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะฒ ะฐัั ะธะฒะต ะพั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ะฝะต ัะพั ัะฐะฝะธะปะธัั, ะฐ ัะฐะผ ััะพั ัะตะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ.
ะกัะดั ะฟะพ ะบะฐะฝะฒะต ัะพะฑััะธะน, ะฟัะพะทะฒััะฐะฒัะตะน ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ััะพั ัะตะฝัั ะฟะตัะตััะปะฐะตั ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฆะ โ ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะผะพ ะฟะธััะผะพ, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฒัะต ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะธ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฟะธัะตั ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะพ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะธะทััะธัั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะญัะพ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะพััะฐะตััั ะฑะตะท ะพัะฒะตัะฐ. ะะพ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ัะถะต ะะฃ ะะะ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฆะ ั ะทะฐะฟัะพัะพะผ โ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะฒะตั, ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะผะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ, ะฟะตัะตััะปะฐะตััั ะบะฐะปัะบะฐ ั ะฟะธััะผะฐ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะะธะบะฐะบะพะน ะฝะพะฒะพะน, ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธััั.
ะะฐัะฐะดะพะบัั ัะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะพะปั
ะะพัะตะผั ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปัั ะฒ ะฎะถะฝะพะผ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะต, ั ะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ? ะะพัะตะผั ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐะป ัะพะปั ัะตััะฐะฝัะปััะพัะฐ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะดะฒะฐะถะดั, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท โ ััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะพะด ะฑะพะบะพะผ? ะะตะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ.
ะ ัะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะปะธ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน ะปะตะถะฐัั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะธั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะตั ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน ะธะปะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะณะพะฒะพั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ััะธะผ ะฟะตัะตััะปะบะฐะผ ัะบัััั ะพั ะณะปะฐะท? ะ ะตัะปะธ ะพัะฒะตั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัะน, ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะธะน ัะตะฝัั, ะฟัะพะฒะตะดั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั, ะธ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ, ัะบะพะฟะธะฟะฐััะธะฒ ะบัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะต ะฟะธััะผะพ, ะธ ะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะธั ะฆะ, ะพะฟะธัะฐััั ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธ ะฝะต ัะพัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฒััััะฟะธะปะธ ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝัะพะผ ะฐัะฐะบะธ ะฝะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัั ะปะธั.
ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ััะพะณะพ ะผััะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะตััั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒะบะปััะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ ะ ะค ะพัะตะฝัั 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒ ะะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะธ ะ ะพัะบะพะผะฝะฐะดะทะพั ะดะปั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะปะธัะฝัะผะธ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐะผะธ, ะพัะตัะตะดัั ะธ ัะธััะตะผะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน โ ััะพ ะธ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะธะผ ััะดะพะผ ะฝะต ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฒะปัะตััั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะพะน โ ััะพ ะผะพะถะตั ัะตัะธัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ััะด, ััะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัััะธะต ะฆะ.
ยซะั ะทะฐะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะธ ะทะฐะดะฐะตะผ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะฐะผ ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะฒะพะฟัะพั: ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฟัะพัะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ั ะฝะฐั? โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ. โ ะะฐะผ ะฒ ะฆะ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั: ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒโฆ ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั ะดะปั ะะฐะฝะบะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพะดะฝะฐะดะทะพัะฝะพะน ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะตะน. ะขะพ ะตััั ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฟัะพะฒะตัััั. ะะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฝะตะฒะตะดะพะผัั ัะธะณะฝะฐะปะพะฒ ะธะผะตะตั, ะฐ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ-ั ะพะทัะนััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ, ะฟะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะพะฝ ะฟะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะธะปะธ ะฝะตั, โ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั. ะะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพัะธััั, ัะดะธะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ััะดะพะผยป.
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะธัะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฒะตะปัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฝะตะบะธั ะผะตัะพะดะธัะตัะบะธั ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธะน ะธะฝััะธัััะฐ ะะะ โ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฒ ะณะปะฐะทะฐ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะตะป.
ยซะะฐะบะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ะผั ัะปััะธะผ? โ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะธัััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. โ ะะฐััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะตะบะปะฐะผะฐ. ะะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะธั ะฝะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฝะต ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะป ัะตะบะปะฐะผั โ ะพ ะฝะตะผ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะธ ะปัะดะธ, ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตััะฐ, ะฝะพ ัะตะบะปะฐะผะฝัั ะพะฑััะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะผะตะดะธะฐ: ยซะะพะนะดะธ ััะดะฐ, ะฒัััะฟะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธ ะบัะฟะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป โ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ัะฐัะฐัะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะดะธะพ. ะ ัะตะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐ? ะญัะพั ะผะตัะพะด ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ? ะะพัะตะผั ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ัะฐััะฝัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ััะพั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ, ะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะตะปัะทั?
ะกัะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฝะต ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธัั. ะะพ, ะฟัะพััะธัะต, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐ ะฟะตัะธะพะด, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะผะพะณ ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะธัะพะฒะฐัั, ัะพ ะตััั ั ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2021-ะณะพ, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะป ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ 2,5 ััั. ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ!ยป
ยซะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะฒ ัะธััะตะผะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ ะฟัะพัะตะดััะฐ ะพัะตัะฝะตะฝะธั ะตััั โ ะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะดััั ัะตะฐะฑะธะปะธัะฐัะธะธ ะฝะตั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. โ ะ ัะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฆะ, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะฒัะธะน ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั ัะฑะตะถะฐะป ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะตะฟััะฐั ะะฐัััะฝะณ ะตัะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐะป ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ ะพะฑะตัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะพั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั!ยป
ะะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะฝะต ะพััะฐะฒัั ะฑะตะท ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐะฝะตัะตะฝะธะต ััะตัะฑะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะธัั ะฝะพะฒัะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะปั ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ั ะฆะ. ะ ะฐะฝััะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะป ะฒ ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ััะดะต, ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐั ัะฒะพะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ: ััะด ะฟะพััะธัะฐะป, ััะพ ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะบะพััะตะบัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะผะตะฝะธะป ัะฒะพะน ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธะน ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ะฐะบั ะพ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ โ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััั ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ััะพะณะพ ะฐะบัะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะฐัั, ะบ ัะพะผั ะถะต ััะตะป, ััะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตััั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ. ะะพัะผะพััะธะผ, ััะพ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะบะฐะถะตั ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝัะน ััะด, ัะทะฝะฐะฒ, ััะพ ะฟัะพัะตะดััะฐ ะพัะตะฝะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะตัะตะด ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฑัะปะฐ ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะฐ ะธ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป.
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั
ะะตัะผะตั ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝั
ะฆะ ะฑะปะพะบะธััะตั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธะน ัะพัั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะน ั ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ ะฟัะพัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ัะบัะฟะตััั ัะฑะตะถะดะตะฝั, ััะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ัะตะบัะพัะฐ, ัะตะบัะพัะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฝะตะผััะปะธะผะพ ะฑะตะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ โ ะฝะตะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั ะฐะบะบัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะฐััะฝัั ะดะตะฝะตะณ. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะธั ะฝะฐะบะฐะฟะปะธะฒะฐัั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ั ะธั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะถะธะปัะต ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ัะธัะพะบะธั ัะปะพะตะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ, ะบะฐะบ ัะตะนัะฐั.
ะะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบััะฟะฝะฐั ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ัะพะทะดะฐัั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒั ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต โ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฟัะธะฒะตะปะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะบ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะผะตัะฐะผ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ัะตะนัะฐั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะผ ััะดะพะผ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ะบ ะบะพัะพัะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต โ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะธ ะัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ โ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒัะทะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ.
ะะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ัะพะฒะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะดะตะฟััะฐัะฐ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั VII ัะพะทัะฒะฐ ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะตะบะฐ, ะฒัััะฝะธะปะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผััะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะธััะพัะธั: ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฆะ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะบะพะฑั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ััะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ, ััะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะบะพะตะณะพ ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน ะฎะถะฝะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฆะ ะพั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะป ะฝะตะบะธะน ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะพัะบััััั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะตะป, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะพะฒ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะฐ. ะ ัะฒะธะดะตัั ะธั ัะบะพัะตะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฝะตะปัะทั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะฒ ะฐัั ะธะฒะต ะพั 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ะฝะต ัะพั ัะฐะฝะธะปะธัั, ะฐ ัะฐะผ ััะพั ัะตะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ.
ะกัะดั ะฟะพ ะบะฐะฝะฒะต ัะพะฑััะธะน, ะฟัะพะทะฒััะฐะฒัะตะน ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ััะพั ัะตะฝัั ะฟะตัะตััะปะฐะตั ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฆะ โ ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะผะพ ะฟะธััะผะพ, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฒัะต ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะธ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะฟะธัะตั ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะพ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะธะทััะธัั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะญัะพ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะพััะฐะตััั ะฑะตะท ะพัะฒะตัะฐ. ะะพ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ัะถะต ะะฃ ะะะ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฆะ ั ะทะฐะฟัะพัะพะผ โ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะฒะตั, ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะผะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ, ะฟะตัะตััะปะฐะตััั ะบะฐะปัะบะฐ ั ะฟะธััะผะฐ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะะธะบะฐะบะพะน ะฝะพะฒะพะน, ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธััั.
ะะฐัะฐะดะพะบัั ัะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะพะปั
ะะพัะตะผั ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปัั ะฒ ะฎะถะฝะพะผ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะต, ั ะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ะธ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ? ะะพัะตะผั ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐะป ัะพะปั ัะตััะฐะฝัะปััะพัะฐ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะดะฒะฐะถะดั, ะฐ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะท โ ััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะพะด ะฑะพะบะพะผ? ะะตะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ.
ะ ัะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต โ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะธ ะปะธ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน ะปะตะถะฐัั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะฐั ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะธั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะตั ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน ะธะปะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะพะณะพะฒะพั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ััะธะผ ะฟะตัะตััะปะบะฐะผ ัะบัััั ะพั ะณะปะฐะท? ะ ะตัะปะธ ะพัะฒะตั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัะน, ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะธะน ัะตะฝัั, ะฟัะพะฒะตะดั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั, ะธ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ, ัะบะพะฟะธะฟะฐััะธะฒ ะบัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะต ะฟะธััะผะพ, ะธ ะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะธั ะฆะ, ะพะฟะธัะฐััั ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธ ะฝะต ัะพัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฒััััะฟะธะปะธ ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝัะพะผ ะฐัะฐะบะธ ะฝะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัั ะปะธั.
ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ััะพะณะพ ะผััะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะตััั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒะบะปััะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ ะ ะค ะพัะตะฝัั 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒ ะะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะธ ะ ะพัะบะพะผะฝะฐะดะทะพั ะดะปั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั ะปะธัะฝัะผะธ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐะผะธ, ะพัะตัะตะดัั ะธ ัะธััะตะผะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน โ ััะพ ะธ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะธะผ ััะดะพะผ ะฝะต ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฒะปัะตััั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะพะน โ ััะพ ะผะพะถะตั ัะตัะธัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ััะด, ััะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัััะธะต ะฆะ.
ยซะั ะทะฐะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะธ ะทะฐะดะฐะตะผ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะฐะผ ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะฒะพะฟัะพั: ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฟัะพัะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ั ะฝะฐั? โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ. โ ะะฐะผ ะฒ ะฆะ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั: ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒโฆ ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั ะดะปั ะะฐะฝะบะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพะดะฝะฐะดะทะพัะฝะพะน ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะตะน. ะขะพ ะตััั ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฟัะพะฒะตัััั. ะะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฝะตะฒะตะดะพะผัั ัะธะณะฝะฐะปะพะฒ ะธะผะตะตั, ะฐ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพ-ั ะพะทัะนััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ, ะฟะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะพะฝ ะฟะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะธะปะธ ะฝะตั, โ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั. ะะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพัะธััั, ัะดะธะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ััะดะพะผยป.
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะธัะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั ะฒะตะปัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฝะตะบะธั ะผะตัะพะดะธัะตัะบะธั ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธะน ะธะฝััะธัััะฐ ะะะ โ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฒ ะณะปะฐะทะฐ ะฝะต ะฒะธะดะตะป.
ยซะะฐะบะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ะผั ัะปััะธะผ? โ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะธัััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. โ ะะฐััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะตะบะปะฐะผะฐ. ะะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะธั ะฝะตั. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฝะต ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะป ัะตะบะปะฐะผั โ ะพ ะฝะตะผ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะธ ะปัะดะธ, ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตััะฐ, ะฝะพ ัะตะบะปะฐะผะฝัั ะพะฑััะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะผะตะดะธะฐ: ยซะะพะนะดะธ ััะดะฐ, ะฒัััะฟะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธ ะบัะฟะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธััยป โ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ัะฐัะฐัะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะดะธะพ. ะ ัะตะผ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐ? ะญัะพั ะผะตัะพะด ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ? ะะพัะตะผั ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐะผ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ัะฐััะฝัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ััะพั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ, ะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะตะปัะทั?
ะกัะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฝะต ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธัั. ะะพ, ะฟัะพััะธัะต, ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐ ะฟะตัะธะพะด, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะผะพะณ ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะธัะพะฒะฐัั, ัะพ ะตััั ั ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2021-ะณะพ, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะป ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ 2,5 ััั. ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ!ยป
ยซะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะฒ ัะธััะตะผะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ ะฟัะพัะตะดััะฐ ะพัะตัะฝะตะฝะธั ะตััั โ ะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะดััั ัะตะฐะฑะธะปะธัะฐัะธะธ ะฝะตั, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. โ ะ ัะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฆะ, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะฒัะธะน ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั ัะฑะตะถะฐะป ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะตะฟััะฐั ะะฐัััะฝะณ ะตัะต ะณะพะด ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐะป ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ ะพะฑะตัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะพั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั!ยป
ะะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะฝะต ะพััะฐะฒัั ะฑะตะท ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐะฝะตัะตะฝะธะต ััะตัะฑะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ. ยซะฃ ะฝะฐั ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะธัั ะฝะพะฒัะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะปั ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ั ะฆะ. ะ ะฐะฝััะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟัะพะธะณัะฐะป ะฒ ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ััะดะต, ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐั ัะฒะพะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ: ััะด ะฟะพััะธัะฐะป, ััะพ ะะฐะฝะบ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะบะพััะตะบัะฝะพ ะฟัะธะผะตะฝะธะป ัะฒะพะน ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธะน ะฝะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ะฐะบั ะพ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ โ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััั ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ััะพะณะพ ะฐะบัะฐ ะฝะต ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะปะฐัั, ะบ ัะพะผั ะถะต ััะตะป, ััะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตััั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ. ะะพัะผะพััะธะผ, ััะพ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะบะฐะถะตั ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝัะน ััะด, ัะทะฝะฐะฒ, ััะพ ะฟัะพัะตะดััะฐ ะพัะตะฝะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะตัะตะด ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฑัะปะฐ ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะฐ ะธ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐยป.
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Foreign intelligence agencies helped authorities uncover the alleged scheme, according to the countryโs Interior Minister Gerhard Karner. A source familiar told CNN that the US issued a warning to authorities in Vienna.
Organizers canceled three concerts, which were scheduled to take place in the European capital from Thursday to Saturday. CNN has reached out to Swiftโs representatives for comment.
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Two other suspects were detained, aged 17 and 15. The 17-year-old worked for a facilities company that would have provided services at the concert venue. He was near the stadium when he was arrested and had recently broken up with his girlfriend, according to Haijwai-Pirchner.
Little has been revealed about the 15-year-old. Prosecutors will decide later if he was a witness or directly involved in the alleged plot.
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Americans are really into pursuing happiness.
What happiness means is different for each individual and may shift over a lifetime: joy, love, purpose, money, health, freedom, gratitude, friendship, romance, fulfilling work? All of the above? Something else entirely? Many have even suggested that while we may think we know what will make us happy, we are often wrong.
One man may have cracked the code for what makes a happy and healthier life โ and he has the data to back him up.
Dr. Robert Waldinger is the director of the Harvard Study of Adult Development โ possibly the longest-running longitudinal study on human happiness, which started back in 1938. (The original study followed two groups of males, Harvard College students and adolescents in Bostonโs inner city. It was expanded in recent decades to include women and people of more diverse backgrounds.)
Plenty of components are at play in the quest for a happier life, but the key comes down to one main factor: quality relationships.
โWhat we found was that the important thing was to stay actively connected to at least a few people, because we all need a sense of connection to somebody as we go through life,โ Waldinger told CNN Chief Medical Correspondent Dr. Sanjay Gupta recently on his podcast Chasing Life.
โAnd the people who were connected to other people lived longer and stayed physically healthier than the people who were more isolated,โ he said. โThat was the surprise in our study: not that people were happier but that they lived longer.โ
ะฃัะปัะณะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ
ะผะพัะบะฒะฐะฑััะพ ัั ะฒัะต ะพะฑ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั
ะัะตัะต ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะฟะพะผะพัั? ะัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะนัะธะฝะณ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะธ ััะธััะพะฒ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐััั ะฝะฐ ะฒััะพะบะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะธะทะผะต, ะฑะพะณะฐัะพะผ ะพะฟััะต ะธ ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะทัะฒะฐั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะธะปะธ ััะธััะฐ, ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ัะฐะทัะตัะธัั ะฒะฐัะต ะดะตะปะพ, ะฑัะดั ัะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะฝะฐัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ัะตะผะตะนะฝัะต ัะฟะพัั ะธะปะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะะฐั ัะตะนัะธะฝะณ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะฐะผ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐัะฐ, ะณะพัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะธัะธัั ะฒะฐัะธ ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะพะบะฐะทะฐัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพ ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ
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ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ, ะผะฐะบะฑัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะดััะณะพะน ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะผะฐะบะฑัะบ
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะณะดะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพัะธะฝะธัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะฒะฐะดัะพะบะพะฟัะตัะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ, imac ะธ ะดััะณะพะน ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ.
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ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
The ghost town that has stood empty for more than a century
ัะผะพััะตัั ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะพะบ
Thereโs a large and very dignified school in Kayakoy. There are narrow streets, lined with houses, that wend and rise up both sides of a steep valley. Thereโs an ancient fountain in the middle of the town. And there are churches, one with million-dollar hilltop views over the blue Aegean.
But, for most of the past 100 years, there have been no people.
Kayakoy, in southwestern Turkeyโs Mugla Province, is a true ghost town. Abandoned by its occupants and haunted by the past. Itโs a monument, frozen in time โ a physical reminder of darker times in Turkey.
With hillsides dotted by countless crumbling buildings slowly being swallowed by greenery, and endless views into vanished lives, itโs also a fascinating and starkly beautiful place to visit. In summer, under clear skies and blazing suns, itโs eerie enough. Even more so in cooler seasons, wreathed in mountain or sea mists.
Just over a century ago, Kayakoy, or Levissi as it was known, was a bustling town of at least 10,000 Greek Orthodox Christians, many of whom were craftspeople who lived peacefully alongside the regionโs Muslim Turkish farmers. But in the upheaval surrounding Turkeyโs emergence as an independent republic, their simple lives were torn apart.
Tensions with neighboring Greece after the Greco-Turk war ended in 1922 led to both countries ejecting people with ties to the other. For Kayakoy, that meant a forced population exchange with Muslim Turks living in Kavala, in what is now the Greek region of Macedonia and Thrace.
But the newly arrived Muslims were reputedly less than happy with their new home, swiftly moving on and leaving Kayakoy to fall to ruin.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ.ะดัะพะฝะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ ัะตะฝัั
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Dubai, a global business hub, offers a dynamic economic environment for entrepreneurs and enterprises looking to establish or expand their operations. One of the critical steps in setting up a business in Dubai is opening a business bank account, which can be a streamlined yet occasionally intricate process. This article provides an in-depth overview of the timeline and key considerations involved in opening a business bank account in Dubai.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ, ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝัั ััััะพะนััะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต ััะดะพะผ
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ะะพะณะดะฐ ั ะฒัััะฟะธะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ั ะฝะต ัะพะผะฝะตะฒะฐะปัั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะฐะฒะฐะป ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต ะฑะตะท ะฝะตะฟะพัะธะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝัั ััะฐะฒะพะบ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ. ะ ะฒะพั ัะตะนัะฐั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ั ะฒะธะถั, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะตัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ั ะฟัะพััะพ ะฒ ัะพะบะต. ะั โ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ั ะพัะตะปะธ ะปัััะตะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ะธ ัะตะฟะตัั ะฝะฐั ะฟััะฐัััั ะปะธัะธัั ััะพะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ. ะะพัะตะผั ะฝะฐั, ะฟัะพัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฝะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั? ะะพัะตะผั ะฒะผะตััะพ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะผั ััะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐะตะผัั ั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะธ ัะณัะพะทะฐะผะธ? ะญัะพ ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ะณะปัะฑะพะบะพะต ะฒะพะทะผััะตะฝะธะต. ะั ะฝะต ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะฒัะฑัะฐะปะธ ะดััะณะพะน ะฟััั, ะธ ะผั ะฝะต ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธะผ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะธ ะผะตััั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐะทัััะตะฝั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ััะธั -ัะพ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒ.
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End of an era: The big change coming to European travel in November
ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ัะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ
In travel news this week: an accidental megadeal on first-class tickets, the worldโs best-connected airport and why now is a good time to plan a trip to Europe. Plus a bit of relief for those of you traveling this Labor Day weekend.
Goodbye to EU passport stamps
Paper mementoes of our travels, from boarding cards to even passports themselves, are fast moving into obsolescence.
The inky, smudgy joy of a fresh passport stamp will be a thing of the past for visitors to the 29 countries of the European Union Schengen Area starting November 10. Thatโs when the new automated Entry/Exit System (EES) comes into effect.
Itโs separate from the delayed ETIAS visa waiver program, which is due to start in the first half of 2025 and will mean travelers from outside the EU will be charged a โฌ7 entry fee that is valid for three years.
Destination inspiration
Get your stamps while you can with these European vacation picks.
Il dolce far niente โ โthe sweetness of doing nothingโ โ has been perfected by Italians on their vacations in southern sweet spots such as Naples, Ischia, Puglia, the Amalfi Coast and Capri. These remarkable photographs by UK photographer Lucy Laucht show how to relax the Italian way.
In Hungary, the Gresham Palace is the grandest Budapest hotel of them all, having sat in its prime position overlooking the River Danube for more than a century. Hereโs how this architectural gem looks in its current incarnation.
Finally, if youโre considering a longer stay, an idyllic Swedish town is selling off land with prices so low you might think theyโre mistakes. But Gotene, 320 kilometers (200 miles) southwest of Stockholm, is indeed selling plots with prices starting at just 1 krona, or 9 US cents, per square meter (11 square feet).
Aviation news
An airline accidentally offered a megadeal on first-class tickets, with 300 lucky customers getting savings of 85% off. Hereโs what happened next.
The staff at Australian flag carrier Qantas must have been flat-out like a lizard drinking sorting that mess out. And if you donโt understand that lingo, itโs time to check out our guide to Aussie slang.
An airport on the edge of southeast Europe has been named the best connected in the world, with more than 300 direct flights to unique destinations. Itโs been networking fast, too; it only opened in 2018.
This city is developing the worldโs tallest timber tower, again
ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒ ััะตัะต ะดะพััะณะฐ
The US city of Milwaukee is already home to the worldโs tallest timber tower. But another, even taller, wooden skyscraper could be added to its skyline, designed by Vancouver-based studio Michael Green Architects (MGA).
The firm recently released plans for the development, which includes a 55-story tower made principally from mass timber โ thick, compressed, multilayered panels of solid wood. If built, it would usurp the current world title holder, the 25-story Ascent tower by Korb + Associates Architects, as well as becoming the tallest building in the state of Wisconsin.
MGA, which specializes in wooden architecture, hopes that the project will set a โnew global benchmark for mass timber construction.โ
The project is part of the redevelopment of the Marcus Performing Arts Center, which opened in 1969 and won the Honor Award for Excellence in Architectural Design from the American Institute of Architects in 1970. Led by Neutral, which bills itself as a โregenerative development company,โ the redesign will transform what is currently the centerโs concrete parking lot into a space with residential units, offices, restaurants, cafes, grocery stores and public plazas. According to MGA, construction will cost an estimated $700 million. The plan is currently going through the cityโs approval process, during which it is expected to evolve.
Why timber?
While the use of mass timber is steadily increasing worldwide, thanks to changes in building regulations and shifting attitudes towards the material, it has yet to match the sheer height of buildings made of concrete and steel โ although a slew of timber high-rises have been proposed in recent years. MGA says its tower design would be approximately 600 feet (182 meters) tall โ more than double the 284 feet (87 meter) tall Ascent tower.
โThe race for height is important,โ said Michael Green, an architect and founder of MGA. โItโs not about showing off, itโs about showing whatโs possible to the public.โ
He argued that the reason timber skyscrapers havenโt yet become mainstream is because climate change hasnโt been at the center of the conversation. โWe didnโt really need to challenge the status quo of steel and concrete,โ he said. โBut because those materials are so hard on the climate, we had to find a different way to build towers and big buildings in general.โ
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Have the Charges Against Vasilenko for Fraud Been Dropped?
ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด
According to various sources, the criminal prosecution of Roman Vasilenko, the founder of the marketing company “Life-is-Good” and the cooperative “Best Way,” may be discontinued. Law enforcement agencies, as informed by several senators and State Duma deputies, have re-evaluated the charges against him, taking into account that several witnesses, including those critical of Vasilenko, suggest that he is unlikely to be involved in fraud. This is primarily because he did not have direct access to the payment system servers, and it was the former IT director of “Life-is-Good,” Evgeny Naboychenko, who had been previously implicated in fraudulent activities. Vasilenko may be at fault only for having recruited Naboychenko in 2014, despite negative signals regarding his behavior and tendencies to appropriate others’ property.
Roman Viktorovich Vasilenko is a business consultant from Saint Petersburg, the creator of a network of independent entrepreneurs promoting financial products under the auspices of the company he founded, “Life-is-Good,” and the founder of the International Business Academy (IBA).
The network under the “Life-is-Good” brand promoted financial products such as Vista accounts for passive income by the foreign investment company “Hermes,” registered in Belize, and the acquisition of apartments in installments through the “Best Way” cooperative, which allowed members to either make an initial share payment or accumulate it in the cooperative’s account without interest. Notably, these legal entities are not directly connected.
Vasilenko was neither a top manager nor an owner of “Hermes”โhe cooperated with the company to promote its products in Russia. However, Naboychenko was an employee of “Hermes” and managed its payment system in Russia. He likely took this position on Vasilenko’s recommendation, but Vasilenko was not responsible for managing the payment system for “Hermes.”
Unlike “Hermes,” Vasilenko was the founder and chairman of the board of the “Best Way” cooperative until the spring of 2021 (later serving as head of the supervisory board for about a year). Since spring 2022, he has been an ordinary member of the cooperative and is no longer part of its governing bodies.
Vasilenko has worked not only in Russia but also in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Belarus, Ukraine, Cyprus, Austria, and Hungary. Cooperative housing projects have been established in many of these countries.
Additionally, Vasilenko is known as a philanthropist who has invested millions of rubles in supporting federal business initiatives (such as the “Synergy” forum), cultural initiatives (such as the “Dobrovidenie” festival), and other charitable activities (including support for children’s medical institutions).
The Case
The criminal case involving the Saint Petersburg marketing company “Life-is-Good,” the foreign investment company “Hermes,” and the “Best Way” cooperative registered in Saint Petersburg and operating throughout Russia was initiated in the fall of 2021 by the Main Investigation Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region. In February of this year, the case was referred to the court and is currently being heard in the Primorsky District Court of Saint Petersburg.
Ten people are on trial, including technical staff from “Life-is-Good” and Victor Vasilenko, Roman Vasilenko’s 83-year-old father, who is a retiree.
The criminal case, currently being considered by the Primorsky District Court, raises many questionsโthese concerns existed from the beginning and have intensified as the case progressed. The defendants are charged with three articles: creating a financial pyramid, fraud, and organizing a criminal community.
The total amount of damage is 282 million rubles, which is incomparable to the more than 8 billion rubles seized in the case, including 4 billion rubles in the accounts of the “Best Way” cooperative. The investigation has recognized 221 citizens as victims in the case.
Roman Vasilenko was also charged in the criminal case being considered by the court and was put on the wanted list, including by Interpol, as he had reportedly been living abroad for family reasons since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, according to sources, Interpol and foreign states, including neighboring countries where he has been actively working, deemed his prosecution unjustified.
Another criminal investigation related to Vasilenko, handled by the Saint Petersburg Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, concerns the management team of “Life-is-Good.”
Questionable Accusations
The court proceedings in the Primorsky District Court have so far not been very successful for the investigation and the prosecution: the vast majority of those who have testified in court so far have made claims against “Hermes” for amounts ranging from several hundred to several tens of thousands of rubles, which raises eyebrowsโthis is not a small claims court to discuss such sums! Prosecution witness Roman Roganovich, an IT service employee, testified that he did not post any illegal information on the “Life-is-Good” website or the cooperative’s website and did not witness any illegal activity.
Moreover, the overwhelming majority of “Hermes” clients, numbering over two hundred thousand in Russia, and tens of thousands of “Best Way” cooperative members, according to representatives of organizations defending these entities, consider law enforcement agencies to be the source of their problems. They emphasize that it was Evgeny Naboychenko, the Saint Petersburg system administrator hired by “Hermes,” who dismantled the Russian payment system. And if anyone is responsible for the thefts, it is Naboychenko. It seems that law enforcement authorities are beginning to understand this fact as well.
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ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ.ะดัะพะฝะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะฐ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะฟะฑ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะกะะะะะะะะะ , ะะซะกะขะ ะะะะ ะฏะ
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะะพะตะฒะพะน ะฟะพัั
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฒัะตะทะดะฝะพะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะตะบะฑ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ััะปัะณะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนัะพะฝะฐ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะธะฑะฟ ััะพะธะผะพััั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพัะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝัั ะฒ ะฑะฐัะฝะฐัะปะต
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะฟะพัะธะฝะธัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐั
ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะพัะพัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะตะปัะฑะธะฝัะบะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะตะบะฑ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัั ะฟะฐะฝะตะปะตะน ะธ ะธะฝะดัะบัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะฟะปะธั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัั ะฟะฐะฝะตะปะตะน
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะพั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพ ัะธััะพะฒัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะพัะบะธ ะทะฐัะฒะพัะฐ ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะพั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพ ัะธััะพะฒัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะฟะพัะธะฝะธัั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะพั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพ ัะธััะพะฒัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะทะฐะผะตะฝะฐ ะผะฐััะธัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะธะดะตะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฐ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตัั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ะบัะฐัะฝะพัััะบ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
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Drought-hit Danube River reveals scuttled German World War II ships
ะถะตััะบะพะต ะณััะฟะฟะพะฒะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ
The wrecks of explosives-laden Nazi ships sunk in the Danube River during World War II have emerged near Serbiaโs river port town of Prahovo, after a drought in July and August that saw the riverโs water level drop.
Four vessels dating from before 1950 have also come to light in Hungaryโs Danube-Drava National Park near Mohacs, where the Danubeโs water level stood at only 1.5 meters (4.9 feet) on Tuesday, the lingering effect of severe heat waves and persistent drought in July and August.
The vessels revealed in Prahovo were among hundreds scuttled along the Danube by Nazi Germanyโs Black Sea fleet in 1944 as they retreated from advancing Soviet forces, destroying the ships themselves. The wrecks can hamper river traffic during low water levels.
Strewn across the riverbed, some of the ships still have turrets, command bridges, broken masts and twisted hulls, while others lie mostly submerged under sandbanks.
Endre Sztellik, a guard at the Danube-Drava national park, said of one of the ships, โwe still donโt know what this is exactly. What is visible and an unfortunate fact is that the wreck is diminishing as people are interested in it and parts of it are going missing.โ
The Danube stood at 1.17 meters (3.8 feet) in Budapest on Tuesday, which compares with an all-time record low of around 0.4 meters (1.3 feet) registered in October 2018. During floods, the Danube rises well above 6 meters (19.7 feet).
โEastern Europe is experiencing critical drought conditions that are affecting crops and vegetation,โ the European climate service Copernicus said on its website in its latest drought report, published earlier this month.
Remember when Lady Gaga โbledโ onstage during her shocking performance at the 2009 VMAs?
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะบะธะน ัะตะบั
Singing about the perils of fame, being dragged out from beneath a fallen chandelier then bleeding to death in front of a roomful of celebrities: Lady Gaga was not shy about making her debut at the MTV Video Music Awards.
The year was 2009 โ many will remember it as the year rapper Ye (formerly Kanye West) stage-crashed 19-year-old Taylor Swift and suggested her award for Best Female Video should have gone to Beyonce instead. But never one to be overshadowed, Lady Gaga, then 23, made some pop culture history of her own that night.
Her rendition of โPaparazziโ โ lamenting both unrequited love and the sinister effects of hounding tabloids โ has gone down in the mists of Gaga legend; not least because a lack of high-quality footage means fans must resort to watching grainy screen-recorded versions circulated on social media.
Over the limited number of pixels, Gaga can be seen at the start of the performance in an all-white ensemble: a bejeweled, asymmetric lace bodysuit and matching cape, thigh-high boots, a feathered Keko Hainswheeler headpiece and strings of glinting pearls. As she staggered back from her piano at the songโs crescendo, however, an audible gasp swept the room as thick blood suddenly appeared to be pouring from her abdomen.
โIโm your biggest fan, Iโll follow you until you love me,โ Gaga wailed desperately, her once-pristine outfit now daubed in scarlet. She ended the number suspended above the stage, โdead,โ as more blood dripped from her eyes.
โ(It) gives me chills every time I watch it,โ Olivia Rodrigo told MTV in 2021. โI think Lady Gaga is the best performer of our generation.โ The โDrivers Licenseโ singer appeared to take notes. At this yearโs Grammy Awards, she began to โbleedโ from clenched fists while performing her hit โvampire,โ spreading fake blood across her arms and neck as the song progressed.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฒะธะดะตะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฐ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตั.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะธััะพะฒะพะน ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐะผะตัั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ะฝะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ััะพัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝััั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะบะฐะทะฐะฝั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะผะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ััะปัะณะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฒัะตะทะดะฝะพะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะพััะพะฒะต ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฝั
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน Sony Playstation, Xbox, PSP Vita ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะฐััะตั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝัั ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐัั ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะธะดะตะพะบะฐััั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะฐััะตั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัะฟััะตะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะธััะตะผะฝัั ะฑะปะพะบะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพ ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะพั ะทะตัะบะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพ ัะธััะพะฒัั ัะพัะพะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟัะพะตะบัะพัะฐ ัะตะฝั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน Sony Playstation, Xbox, PSP Vita ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะธะณัะพะฒัั ะบะพะฝัะพะปะตะน
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะฐัะบะฝัะปัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะผะตัะฐัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตั-ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััััะธะนัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะบะพะฒะธะฝะฐั ะธ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั . ะ ะตัะธะป ัะดะตะปะฐัั ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฝะฐัะต ะธ ะธัะบะฐะป ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะฐะฝัะตั ะฝะธะบั ะฟะพ ัะฐะทัะผะฝัะผ ัะตะฝะฐะผ. ะ ััะพะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต ะฝะฐััะป ะฒัั, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ. ะะพะปััะพะน ะฒัะฑะพั ัะฐะบะพะฒะธะฝ ะธ ะฒะฐะฝะฝ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ัะธะฟะพะฒ ะธ ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะพะฒ.
ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝัะฐะฒะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ัะฐะบะพะฒะธะฝะฐ ะฒ ะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะบะพะผะฝะฐัั ะบัะฟะธัั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต. ะฆะตะฝั ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะต, ะฐ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะธ ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะต. ะะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟะพะผะพะณะปะธ ั ะฒัะฑะพัะพะผ, ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะตะถะปะธะฒั ะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝั. ะะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน, ะธ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะฐ ะฟัะพัะปะฐ ะฑะตะท ะฝะฐัะตะบะฐะฝะธะน. ะัะตะฝั ะดะพะฒะพะปะตะฝ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะพะน ะธ ัะตัะฒะธัะพะผ, ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัั!
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ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝัั ะฑะปะพะบะพะฒ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ัะฐะผะฐัะฐ
ะะพะน ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ะฟะตัะตััะฐะป ะทะฐััะถะฐัััั, ะธ ั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะป, ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐัั. ะะพ ัะพะฒะตัั ะดััะณะฐ ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปัั ะฒ ััะพั ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั. ะะฐััะตัะฐ ะฑััััะพ ะฝะฐัะปะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะธ ััััะฐะฝะธะปะธ ะตั. ะขะตะฟะตัั ะผะพะน ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ัะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฒ ัััะพั! ะ ะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัั ะฒัะตะผ: ะฝะตะปัะทั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะฐะผะตั ะฒะธะดะตะพ ะฝะฐะฑะปัะดะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะฐะผะตั ะฒะธะดะตะพะฝะฐะฑะปัะดะตะฝะธั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ะฝะธะถะฝะตะผ ะฝะพะฒะณะพัะพะดะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะผะพะฝะธัะพัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะผะพะฝะธัะพัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะฝะฐัััะฝัั ัะฐัะพะฒ ะพั ัะพะฒะตััะบะธั ะดะพ ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะธั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฝะฐัััะฝัั ัะฐัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ััะผะตะฝะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะผะธ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบะพะฝะดะธัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ
ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ัะฐะผะฐัะต ัะตะผะพะฝั ะบััะฟะฝะพะณะฐะฑะฐัะธัะฝะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะฐัะต
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะฐัะพะณะตะฝะตัะฐัะพัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟะฐัะพะณะตะฝะตัะฐัะพัะพะฒ ัะตะฝะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฒัะตะทะดะฝะพะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฒะพะปะณะพะณัะฐะดะต
ัะฟะพััะธะฒะฝัะต ะฑัััะณะฐะปััะตัั Caitline
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝััั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะบัะฐัะฝะพัััะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ะฟัะพัะธ ััะฐ
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ: ะฒ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒัะนะดะตะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั 100 ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะผะตััั
ะงัะพ ั ััะดะพะผ ะะตัั ะฒะตะน
ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฟััะฐัะพะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะบะฐ ะธ ะะปะตะณะฐ ะะธะปะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะป ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป ะพ ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฐั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพะปััะพะน ะธะฝัะตัะตั ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะฐ ะผะพะดะตะปั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ะพะฑั ะพะดััะตะณะพัั ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทัะผะตะฒะฐััะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒะพะณะพ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัััะพััะตะณะพัั ะถะธะปัั.
ะะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะะปะตะณ ะะธะปะพะฒ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ัััะตััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะธะต ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฐ, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะธัะธะฒะฝัะน ะพะฟัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝัะถะดะฐะตััั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต โ ะฒะตะดั ััะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. โ ะะฟัั ะะตัะผะฐะฝะธะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒัะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะพัะตะฝั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะตะฝ, โ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป ะดะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ, โ ะขะฐะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ะถะธะปัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะตััั ะทะฐ ััะตั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฐ ะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตะบะธ. ะญัะพ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ะธััะพัะฝะธะบ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ.
ะัะธัััััะฒะพะฒะฐะฒัะธะน ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปะพะผ ััะพะปะต ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟัะธะผะตัะพะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน.
โ ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฑะพะนะดะตััั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตัะตะฒะปะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน. ะะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะฐ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฐ ั ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะธะฟะธัะฝัะผ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ โ ััะพะธะผะพัััั 3,5-4 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพััะฐะฒะธั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ 10-15%.
ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, ะถะธะปะธัะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธะผะตะตั ะดะฐะฒะฝัั ะธััะพัะธั. ะะพัะตะฒะพะปััะธะพะฝะฝะฐั ะ ะพััะธั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะฒ ะผะธัะต ะฟะพ ัะธัะปั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะธัะต. ะะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝั ะธ ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะพะต ะฒัะตะผั. ะ ะฟะพัะตัะพัะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะฑัะป ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะฟััั โ ะฐะบัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะพ ะพะฝ ัะตะฑั ะฝะต ะพะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะป โ ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝะพ ััะถะตะปะพ ะธ ัะธัะปะพ ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธั ัั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะถะธะปัะต ัะพะบัะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะถะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั, ะฝะฐะพะฑะพัะพั, ะปะตะณะบะพ. ะะตั ัะฐะบะธั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะบะฐะบ ั ะพัะพัะฐั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝะฐั ะธััะพัะธั, ะฝะต ััะตะฑัะตััั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด.
ะงัะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒะพะทัะฐััะฝัั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน, ัะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัััั 16 ะปะตั, ะฒะตัั ะฝะธั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน ะดะปั ะฒัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะตั. ะะฐะปะพะณะพะฒะพะน ัะฐัััั ะฒััััะฟะฐะตั ัะฐะผะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ: ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฝะต ัะฐัััะธัะฐะตััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะพ ะตััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒัะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะะฐะบ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ัะฐัััะธัะฐะปัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั.
โ ะ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพ ัะฐัััะฐะฒะธัั ะฐะบัะตะฝัั: ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะพัะผั, ะฝัะถะดะฐัััััั ะฒ ะฟัะธะพัะธัะตัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต. ะััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพ-ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะปััะฐะน ะกั-155. ะ ะตััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะะตั ัะธัะบะพะฒ, ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฝัั , ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะดะปั ะะกะ โ ัะธัะบะพะฒ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝัะน ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััััะธะน ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธะผะตั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒัะนัะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะพัััะพะตะฝ.
ะะ, ัะบะฐะทะฐะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะธัะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ะฒัะพัะธัะฝะพะผ ััะฝะบะต, ั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะผ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะพัะตะดัะธะต ััะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผัั ะพัะตะฝะบั ััะฝะพัะฝะพะน ััะพะธะผะพััะธ. ะญัะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะต ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต. ะะพััะพะธะฝััะฒะพ ะะ, ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัั ะธ ะฝะต ะฝัะถะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะณะพััะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะฝะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝั ัะตัะธัั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะฃ ะฝะธั ะพะดะฝะฐ-ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ โ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, โ ะทะฐะผะตัะธะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, โ ะะฝะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะทะฐะตะผะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะะฐัะฐะดะธะณะผะฐ ะฃัะฟะตั ะฐ!
ะะ ะะตัั ะะตะน ัะตะนะดะตััะบะธัะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐั
ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธ ะพัะตะฝะธะฒะฐัั ะปะธะดะตัััะฒะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัะผะตะฝะธะต ะผะพัะธะฒะธัะพะฒะฐัั, ัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ะฑัััััะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะะพ ะธััะธะฝะฝัะผ ะปะธะดะตัะฐะผ ะฟัะธัััะต ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ, ะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ัะผะฐะปัะธะฒะฐัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั. ะะธะดะตั โ ััะพ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะน ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะดััะณะธั ััะฐััะปะธะฒะตะต. ะะตัะปััะฐะนะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะทะฐััะฝัะฒัะตะนัั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะน ะฝะตััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ะผั ะธัะตะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะตั ะดะปั ะฟะพะดัะฐะถะฐะฝะธั โ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะพะนะดั ะฒัะต ะฟะตัะธะฟะตัะธะธ ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟััะธ, ะดะพะฑะธะปัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฒััะพั, ะดะตะปะธััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะปะตะฝะฝัะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ.
ะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะพััะธัะฝ ัะฐะบะธะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ ััะฐะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โะธะดะตะนะฝัะน ะฒะดะพั ะฝะพะฒะธัะตะปั, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ั ะพะปะดะธะฝะณะฐ Life Is Good ะธ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะะ Best Way.
ะะพะปััะธะฒ ะฒัััะตะต ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะผ ะัััะตะผ ะะพะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะฃัะธะปะธัะต, ะพะฝ ะฝะฐ ััะฑะตะถะต XXI ะฒะตะบะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝััะฒะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะธ โ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะบัััะฐั . ะะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะต ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดะบัะตะฟะปัะปะธัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ. ะะฐ 15 ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะพะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะฟัะพัะตะป ะฟััั ะพั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะดะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัััะตะณะพ ะดะธัะตะบัะพัะฐ.
ะ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะฒัะตะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธั ะฝะฐัะบ, ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝั ะะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธะธ IBA, ะดะพัะบะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฒะปะฐะดะตะตั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะฐะผะธ ัะตัะตะฒะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะฐ. ะกะปะตะดัะตั ะพัะผะตัะธัั, ััะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟ ะฟะพัััะพะตะฝะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะผะธ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐะผะธ. ะกะตัะตะฒะพะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณ ะทะฐ 70-ะปะตัะฝะธะนะพะฟัั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั, ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะป ัะฒะพั ะถะธะทะฝะตัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััั ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบัั ัะตะปะตัะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝะพััั.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะธะผะตะป ะฒะตะปะธะบะพะปะตะฟะฝัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟะตัะตะฑัะฐัััั ะทะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัะฐะผ ะฟัะธะผะตะฝััั ัะฒะพะธ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะพะฟัั. ะะพ ะพััะฐะฒะฐััั ะฟะฐััะธะพัะพะผ ัะฒะพะตะน ัััะฐะฝั, ะบะพัะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะถัะตะผ ะพะฝ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะดะตะปะพะผ ะดะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพั ะปัะฑะพะฒั ะบ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต. ะะต ัะผะตะฝะธะป ะ ะพััะธั ะฝะฐ ัะปะฐะดะบัั ะถะธะทะฝั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝัะพะฝ ะฟะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฟะพัะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะพััะฐะฒะธะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะธ ั ัะตะผ. ะะต ะฟะพะณะฝะฐะปัั ะทะฐ ะดะปะธะฝะฝัะผ ััะฑะปะตะผ, ะผะฐั ะฝัะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะบะพะน, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ ะตะณะพ ะดะตัะธัะต โ ะผะพะปะพะดะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั โ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะปะพ ัะตะนะดะตััะบะธะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐั.
ะงะตััั, ัะพะฒะตััั, ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะฐั ะฒะพะปั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐ ะดะปั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผัะถัะธะฝะฐ ะธ ะพัะธัะตั ะทะฐะฟะฐัะฐ ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะปะพะฒะพ, ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะทะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัััะต ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ. ะัะดะธ ะดะพะฒะตัะธะปะธ ะตะผั ัะฒะพะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะผะพะณ ะธั ัะฐะทะพัะฐัะพะฒะฐัั. ะะพะธะฝัะบะฐั ะดะธััะธะฟะปะธะฝะฐ ะธ ะฒัะพะถะดะตะฝะฝัะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะปะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐัััั, ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตัั ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะต ััะฑะตะถะธ ะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะฒะธะณะฐัััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะตะปะธ. ะะณะพ ัะฒะตัะดัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะปัััะต ะดะปั ะฒัะตะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ; ะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะฒ.
ะะพ ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะตะปะพะฒัะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ัะฒะปััััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะัะดะตะน ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะต ะบัะตะดะพ. ะขะต, ะบะพะผั ะฟะพััะฐััะปะธะฒะธะปะพัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะตะผ, ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะธะทััั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะธะปะฐะฝััะพะฟะฐ ะธ ะฝัะฐะฒััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ. ะัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะปะธะทะบะพะณะพ ะพะบััะถะตะฝะธั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะพ ะตะณะพ ััะตะฟะตัะฝะพะผ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ัะตะผัะต, ะดััะทัั โ ะพ ะณะพัััะตะน ะปัะฑะฒะธ ะบ ัั ัะฐะผ ะธ ะดะฐะนะฒะธะฝะณั. ะ ะฒัะต ะฒ ะพะดะธะฝ ะณะพะปะพั ะทะฐัะฒะปััั ะพ ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทัะบะพัะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะตััะฝะพััะธ. ะกะฐะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะณะพะฒะพัะธั, ััะพ ััะธะผ ะพะฝ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝ ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะพะดะธัะตะปัะผ ะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะผะฐัะตัะธ, ะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะพะฝ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ัะตะฟะปะพัะพะน ะธ ะฝะตะถะฝะพัััั.
ะะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะปะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะผะตััะฐะป ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต, ะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะต ะบ ะดะตะปั. ะะดะตั, ะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั, ะฒะธัะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะฒะพะทะดัั ะต, ะดะปั ะตะต ัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะปัะบะฐ. ะขะฐะบะธะผ ัะพะปัะบะพะผ ััะฐะปะฐ ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ัะตะผะฐ ัะฐะผะผะธัะฐ ัััะฐะฝ ะจะะก, ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะผ ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะฑัะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ยซะะฐะบ ัะพั ัะฐะฝะธัั ัะตะปะพะฒะตัะตัะบะธะน ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพัะฒัะฐัะธัั ััะตัะบั ะผะพะทะณะพะฒ ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธยป. ะะฐะบ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ัััะดะฝะพััั ะผะพะปะพะดัั ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะบะฐะดัะพะฒ โ ััะพ ะพััััััะฒะธะต ะถะธะปัั ะธ ัะปะพะถะฝะพััั ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะะพ ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะปัะดัะผ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัั, ััะพะฑั ััััะฐะฝะธัั ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะผะธะณัะฐัะธะธ ะบะฐะดัะพะฒ. ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะผ ะัััะตะผ ะะพะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะฃัะธะปะธัะต, ะพะฝ ะฝะฐ ััะฑะตะถะต XXI ะฒะตะบะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝััะฒะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะธ โ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะบัััะฐั . ะะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะต ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดะบัะตะฟะปัะปะธัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ. ะะฐ 15 ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะพะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะฟัะพัะตะป ะฟััั ะพั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะดะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัััะตะณะพ ะดะธัะตะบัะพัะฐ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ: ะฒ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒัะนะดะตะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั 100 ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะผะตััั
ะะตะปะพ ะะตัะผะตั
ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฟััะฐัะพะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะบะฐ ะธ ะะปะตะณะฐ ะะธะปะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะป ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป ะพ ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฐั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพะปััะพะน ะธะฝัะตัะตั ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะฐ ะผะพะดะตะปั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ะพะฑั ะพะดััะตะณะพัั ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทัะผะตะฒะฐััะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒะพะณะพ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัััะพััะตะณะพัั ะถะธะปัั.
ะะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะะปะตะณ ะะธะปะพะฒ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ัััะตััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะธะต ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฐ, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะธัะธะฒะฝัะน ะพะฟัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝัะถะดะฐะตััั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต โ ะฒะตะดั ััะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. โ ะะฟัั ะะตัะผะฐะฝะธะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒัะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะพัะตะฝั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะตะฝ, โ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป ะดะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ, โ ะขะฐะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ะถะธะปัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะตััั ะทะฐ ััะตั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฐ ะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตะบะธ. ะญัะพ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ะธััะพัะฝะธะบ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ.
ะัะธัััััะฒะพะฒะฐะฒัะธะน ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปะพะผ ััะพะปะต ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟัะธะผะตัะพะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน.
โ ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฑะพะนะดะตััั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตัะตะฒะปะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน. ะะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะฐ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฐ ั ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะธะฟะธัะฝัะผ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ โ ััะพะธะผะพัััั 3,5-4 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพััะฐะฒะธั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ 10-15%.
ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, ะถะธะปะธัะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธะผะตะตั ะดะฐะฒะฝัั ะธััะพัะธั. ะะพัะตะฒะพะปััะธะพะฝะฝะฐั ะ ะพััะธั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะฒ ะผะธัะต ะฟะพ ัะธัะปั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะธัะต. ะะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝั ะธ ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะพะต ะฒัะตะผั. ะ ะฟะพัะตัะพัะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะฑัะป ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะฟััั โ ะฐะบัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะพ ะพะฝ ัะตะฑั ะฝะต ะพะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะป โ ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝะพ ััะถะตะปะพ ะธ ัะธัะปะพ ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธั ัั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะถะธะปัะต ัะพะบัะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะถะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั, ะฝะฐะพะฑะพัะพั, ะปะตะณะบะพ. ะะตั ัะฐะบะธั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะบะฐะบ ั ะพัะพัะฐั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝะฐั ะธััะพัะธั, ะฝะต ััะตะฑัะตััั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด.
ะงัะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒะพะทัะฐััะฝัั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน, ัะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัััั 16 ะปะตั, ะฒะตัั ะฝะธั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน ะดะปั ะฒัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะตั. ะะฐะปะพะณะพะฒะพะน ัะฐัััั ะฒััััะฟะฐะตั ัะฐะผะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ: ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฝะต ัะฐัััะธัะฐะตััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะพ ะตััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒัะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะะฐะบ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ัะฐัััะธัะฐะปัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั.
โ ะ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพ ัะฐัััะฐะฒะธัั ะฐะบัะตะฝัั: ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะพัะผั, ะฝัะถะดะฐัััััั ะฒ ะฟัะธะพัะธัะตัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต. ะััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพ-ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะปััะฐะน ะกั-155. ะ ะตััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะะตั ัะธัะบะพะฒ, ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฝัั , ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะดะปั ะะกะ โ ัะธัะบะพะฒ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝัะน ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััััะธะน ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธะผะตั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒัะนัะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะพัััะพะตะฝ.
ะะ, ัะบะฐะทะฐะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะธัะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ะฒัะพัะธัะฝะพะผ ััะฝะบะต, ั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะผ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะพัะตะดัะธะต ััะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผัั ะพัะตะฝะบั ััะฝะพัะฝะพะน ััะพะธะผะพััะธ. ะญัะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะต ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต. ะะพััะพะธะฝััะฒะพ ะะ, ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัั ะธ ะฝะต ะฝัะถะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะณะพััะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะฝะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝั ัะตัะธัั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะฃ ะฝะธั ะพะดะฝะฐ-ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ โ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, โ ะทะฐะผะตัะธะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, โ ะะฝะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะทะฐะตะผะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ: ะฒ 2020 ะณะพะดั ะฒัะนะดะตะผ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั 100 ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะฒ ะผะตััั
ะะตะปะพััะพะฒ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต ะฟะพ ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฟััะฐัะพะฒ ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตั ะัััะบะฐ ะธ ะะปะตะณะฐ ะะธะปะพะฒะฐ ะฟัะพัะตะป ะบััะณะปัะน ััะพะป ะพ ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฐั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ ะดะปั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพะปััะพะน ะธะฝัะตัะตั ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะฐ ะผะพะดะตะปั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ะพะฑั ะพะดััะตะณะพัั ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะธ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทัะผะตะฒะฐััะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒะพะณะพ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัััะพััะตะณะพัั ะถะธะปัั.
ะะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะะปะตะณ ะะธะปะพะฒ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ัััะตััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะธะต ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฐ, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะธัะธะฒะฝัะน ะพะฟัั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝัะถะดะฐะตััั ะฒ ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต โ ะฒะตะดั ััะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฑะตัะฟัะพัะตะฝัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะฒัะบะปะฐะดัะธะฝั. โ ะะฟัั ะะตัะผะฐะฝะธะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒัะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะพัะตะฝั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะตะฝ, โ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป ะดะตะฟััะฐั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะกะตัะณะตะน ะัััะตะบ, โ ะขะฐะผ ะพัะตะฝั ะฑะพะปััะพะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ะถะธะปัั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐะตััั ะทะฐ ััะตั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฐ ะฝะต ะธะฟะพัะตะบะธ. ะญัะพ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัะน ะธััะพัะฝะธะบ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ.
ะัะธัััััะฒะพะฒะฐะฒัะธะน ะฝะฐ ะบััะณะปะพะผ ััะพะปะต ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบ ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ โ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝัะป, ััะพ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ะธะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟัะธะผะตัะพะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ ะฑะตะท ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ั ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะพะน.
โ ะะฒะฐััะธัะฐ, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฑะพะนะดะตััั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตัะตะฒะปะต ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝะพะน. ะะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะฐ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฐ ั ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, ะฟะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะธะฟะธัะฝัะผ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผ โ ััะพะธะผะพัััั 3,5-4 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพััะฐะฒะธั ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ 10-15%.
ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, ะถะธะปะธัะฝะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธะผะตะตั ะดะฐะฒะฝัั ะธััะพัะธั. ะะพัะตะฒะพะปััะธะพะฝะฝะฐั ะ ะพััะธั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะฒ ะผะธัะต ะฟะพ ัะธัะปั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะผะธัะต. ะะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฑัะปะธ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝั ะธ ะฒ ัะพะฒะตััะบะพะต ะฒัะตะผั. ะ ะฟะพัะตัะพัะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะฑัะป ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝัะบะพะน ะฟััั โ ะฐะบัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะะพ ะพะฝ ัะตะฑั ะฝะต ะพะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะป โ ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะธะฟะพัะตะบั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝะพ ััะถะตะปะพ ะธ ัะธัะปะพ ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธั ัั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะถะธะปัะต ัะพะบัะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพ.
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะต ะถะต ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพะปััะธัั, ะฝะฐะพะฑะพัะพั, ะปะตะณะบะพ. ะะตั ัะฐะบะธั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะบะฐะบ ั ะพัะพัะฐั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝะฐั ะธััะพัะธั, ะฝะต ััะตะฑัะตััั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะน ะดะพั ะพะด.
ะงัะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะฒะพะทัะฐััะฝัั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน, ัะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัััั 16 ะปะตั, ะฒะตัั ะฝะธั ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะธะน ะดะปั ะฒัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะตั. ะะฐะปะพะณะพะฒะพะน ัะฐัััั ะฒััััะฟะฐะตั ัะฐะผะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐ: ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฝะต ัะฐัััะธัะฐะตััั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะพ ะตััั ะฒ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒัะตั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะะฐะบ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบ ัะฐัััะธัะฐะปัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะดะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั.
โ ะ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพ ัะฐัััะฐะฒะธัั ะฐะบัะตะฝัั: ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะพัะผั, ะฝัะถะดะฐัััััั ะฒ ะฟัะธะพัะธัะตัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะต. ะััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพ-ัััะพะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะท ัะปััะฐะน ะกั-155. ะ ะตััั ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะะตั ัะธัะบะพะฒ, ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฝัั , ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะดะปั ะะกะ โ ัะธัะบะพะฒ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะฝัะน ะพะฑัะตะบั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ, ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธััััะธะน ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะธะผะตั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒัะนัะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะดะพะผ ะฟะพ ัะตะผ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะพัััะพะตะฝ.
ะะ, ัะบะฐะทะฐะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะณะพัะพะฒัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั โ ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะธัะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ ะฒัะพัะธัะฝะพะผ ััะฝะบะต, ั ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะผ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟัะพัะตะดัะธะต ััะฐัะตะปัะฝัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผัั ะพัะตะฝะบั ััะฝะพัะฝะพะน ััะพะธะผะพััะธ. ะญัะพ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะต ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต. ะะพััะพะธะฝััะฒะพ ะะ, ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะบัะตะดะธัั ะธ ะฝะต ะฝัะถะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะณะพััะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะะฝะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝั ัะตัะธัั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ะถะธะปัั. ะฃ ะฝะธั ะพะดะฝะฐ-ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ โ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, โ ะทะฐะผะตัะธะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, โ ะะฝะธ ะฝะต ะธะผะตัั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะทะฐะตะผะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะะฐัะฐะดะธะณะผะฐ ะฃัะฟะตั ะฐ!
ะะฝะดัะตะน ะะตะปะพััะพะฒ
ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธ ะพัะตะฝะธะฒะฐัั ะปะธะดะตัััะฒะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัะผะตะฝะธะต ะผะพัะธะฒะธัะพะฒะฐัั, ัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐัั, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัั ะฑัััััะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะะพ ะธััะธะฝะฝัะผ ะปะธะดะตัะฐะผ ะฟัะธัััะต ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ, ะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ัะผะฐะปัะธะฒะฐัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั. ะะธะดะตั โ ััะพ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะน ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะดััะณะธั ััะฐััะปะธะฒะตะต. ะะตัะปััะฐะนะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะทะฐััะฝัะฒัะตะนัั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะน ะฝะตััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ะผั ะธัะตะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะตั ะดะปั ะฟะพะดัะฐะถะฐะฝะธั โ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟัะพะนะดั ะฒัะต ะฟะตัะธะฟะตัะธะธ ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฟััะธ, ะดะพะฑะธะปัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฒััะพั, ะดะตะปะธััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฝะฐะบะพะฟะปะตะฝะฝัะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ.
ะะปั ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะพััะธัะฝ ัะฐะบะธะผ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบะพะผ ััะฐะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โะธะดะตะนะฝัะน ะฒะดะพั ะฝะพะฒะธัะตะปั, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ั ะพะปะดะธะฝะณะฐ Life Is Good ะธ ะฟัะตะดัะตะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะะ Best Way.
ะะพะปััะธะฒ ะฒัััะตะต ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะผ ะัััะตะผ ะะพะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะฃัะธะปะธัะต, ะพะฝ ะฝะฐ ััะฑะตะถะต XXI ะฒะตะบะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝััะฒะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะธ โ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะบัััะฐั . ะะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะต ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดะบัะตะฟะปัะปะธัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ. ะะฐ 15 ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะพะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะฟัะพัะตะป ะฟััั ะพั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะดะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัััะตะณะพ ะดะธัะตะบัะพัะฐ.
ะ ะฝะฐััะพััะตะต ะฒัะตะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะบะฐะฝะดะธะดะฐั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธั ะฝะฐัะบ, ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝั ะะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะน ะฑะธะทะฝะตั-ะฐะบะฐะดะตะผะธะธ IBA, ะดะพัะบะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฒะปะฐะดะตะตั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะฐะผะธ ัะตัะตะฒะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะฐ. ะกะปะตะดัะตั ะพัะผะตัะธัั, ััะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟ ะฟะพัััะพะตะฝะธั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะตั ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะผะธ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐะผะธ. ะกะตัะตะฒะพะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณ ะทะฐ 70-ะปะตัะฝะธะนะพะฟัั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั, ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะป ัะฒะพั ะถะธะทะฝะตัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััั ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบัั ัะตะปะตัะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝะพััั.
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะธะผะตะป ะฒะตะปะธะบะพะปะตะฟะฝัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟะตัะตะฑัะฐัััั ะทะฐ ะณัะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัะฐะผ ะฟัะธะผะตะฝััั ัะฒะพะธ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะพะฟัั. ะะพ ะพััะฐะฒะฐััั ะฟะฐััะธะพัะพะผ ัะฒะพะตะน ัััะฐะฝั, ะบะพัะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะถัะตะผ ะพะฝ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะดะตะปะพะผ ะดะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพั ะปัะฑะพะฒั ะบ ะ ะพะดะธะฝะต. ะะต ัะผะตะฝะธะป ะ ะพััะธั ะฝะฐ ัะปะฐะดะบัั ะถะธะทะฝั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝัะพะฝ ะฟะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฟะพัะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะพััะฐะฒะธะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ั ัะตะผัะตะน ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะธ ั ัะตะผ. ะะต ะฟะพะณะฝะฐะปัั ะทะฐ ะดะปะธะฝะฝัะผ ััะฑะปะตะผ, ะผะฐั ะฝัะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ััะบะพะน, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒ ัะฝะฒะฐัะต 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ ะตะณะพ ะดะตัะธัะต โ ะผะพะปะพะดะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั โ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะปะพ ัะตะนะดะตััะบะธะน ะทะฐั ะฒะฐั.
ะงะตััั, ัะพะฒะตััั, ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะฐั ะฒะพะปั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐ ะดะปั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะผัะถัะธะฝะฐ ะธ ะพัะธัะตั ะทะฐะฟะฐัะฐ ะพะฝ ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะปะพะฒะพ, ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะทะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัััะต ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ. ะัะดะธ ะดะพะฒะตัะธะปะธ ะตะผั ัะฒะพะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะธ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะผะพะณ ะธั ัะฐะทะพัะฐัะพะฒะฐัั. ะะพะธะฝัะบะฐั ะดะธััะธะฟะปะธะฝะฐ ะธ ะฒัะพะถะดะตะฝะฝัะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะปะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐัััั, ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตัั ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัะต ััะฑะตะถะธ ะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะฒะธะณะฐัััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะตะปะธ. ะะณะพ ัะฒะตัะดัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะฐ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะปัััะต ะดะปั ะฒัะตะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ; ะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะฒ.
ะะพ ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะธ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะตะปะพะฒัะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ ัะฒะปััััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ. ะัะดะตะน ะฑะพะปััะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะต ะบัะตะดะพ. ะขะต, ะบะพะผั ะฟะพััะฐััะปะธะฒะธะปะพัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะตะผ, ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตัะธะทััั ะตะณะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะธะปะฐะฝััะพะฟะฐ ะธ ะฝัะฐะฒััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะผะตะฝะฐ. ะัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะปะธะทะบะพะณะพ ะพะบััะถะตะฝะธั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะพ ะตะณะพ ััะตะฟะตัะฝะพะผ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ัะตะผัะต, ะดััะทัั โ ะพ ะณะพัััะตะน ะปัะฑะฒะธ ะบ ัั ัะฐะผ ะธ ะดะฐะนะฒะธะฝะณั. ะ ะฒัะต ะฒ ะพะดะธะฝ ะณะพะปะพั ะทะฐัะฒะปััั ะพ ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทัะบะพัะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะตััะฝะพััะธ. ะกะฐะผ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะณะพะฒะพัะธั, ััะพ ััะธะผ ะพะฝ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝ ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะพะดะธัะตะปัะผ ะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัั ะพัะตัะตะดั ะผะฐัะตัะธ, ะพ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะพะฝ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ั ะพัะพะฑะพะน ัะตะฟะปะพัะพะน ะธ ะฝะตะถะฝะพัััั.
ะะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะปะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะผะตััะฐะป ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะต, ะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะธะฟะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะต ะบ ะดะตะปั. ะะดะตั, ะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั, ะฒะธัะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะฒะพะทะดัั ะต, ะดะปั ะตะต ัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะต ั ะฒะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะปัะบะฐ. ะขะฐะบะธะผ ัะพะปัะบะพะผ ััะฐะปะฐ ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ัะตะผะฐ ัะฐะผะผะธัะฐ ัััะฐะฝ ะจะะก, ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะผ ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ะฑัะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ยซะะฐะบ ัะพั ัะฐะฝะธัั ัะตะปะพะฒะตัะตัะบะธะน ะบะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพัะฒัะฐัะธัั ััะตัะบั ะผะพะทะณะพะฒ ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธยป. ะะฐะบ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะฐั ัััะดะฝะพััั ะผะพะปะพะดัั ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะบะฐะดัะพะฒ โ ััะพ ะพััััััะฒะธะต ะถะธะปัั ะธ ัะปะพะถะฝะพััั ะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั. ะะพ ะผะฝะตะฝะธั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธัะฐ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะปัะดัะผ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะถะธะปัั, ััะพะฑั ััััะฐะฝะธัั ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะผะธะณัะฐัะธะธ ะบะฐะดัะพะฒ. ะฏัะพัะปะฐะฒัะบะพะผ ะัััะตะผ ะะพะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะคะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ะฃัะธะปะธัะต, ะพะฝ ะฝะฐ ััะฑะตะถะต XXI ะฒะตะบะฐ ะฟัะธะฝัะป ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝััะฒะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะธ โ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธัั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ ะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัั ะบัััะฐั . ะะพะปััะตะฝะฝัะต ะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดะบัะตะฟะปัะปะธัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ. ะะฐ 15 ะปะตั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ัะฒะตะนัะฐััะบะพะน ะบะพัะฟะพัะฐัะธะธ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะธะบัะพัะพะฒะธั ะฟัะพัะตะป ะฟััั ะพั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะดะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัััะตะณะพ ะดะธัะตะบัะพัะฐ.
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ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะณะธัะพัะบััะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะบะบัะผัะปััะพัะฐ ะณะธัะพัะบััะตัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะผะพะฝะพะฑะปะพะบะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะพะฝะพะฑะปะพะบ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต Apple iPad.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฐะนะฟะฐะดะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะพััะดะพะผะพะตัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟะพััะดะพะผะพะตัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะผะฐััะตั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะบัะตะฝ ะบะฐะผะตัั ะณัะธัะพะฝ ะฟะพัะธะฝะบะฐ ัะบัะตะฝ ะบะฐะผะตั ะณัะธัะพะฝ
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะตั ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะผะฐัะธะธ
ะะพะปะถะฝะพััะฝัะต ะปะธัะฐ ะฆะ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััััั ัะฐะนะฝัะผะธ ะบัะบะปะพะฒะพะดะฐะผะธ
ะะพััะธ ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฑัะป ะฒะบะปััะตะฝ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ โ ั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะตะณะพ ะทะปะพะบะปััะตะฝะธั. ะกัะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝัะผ, ััะพ ััะพ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝะฐั ะฐะบัะธั, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ ะดะตะนััะฒะพะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะผะฐัะธะธ, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐั ัะตัะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะธะบัะพ ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะต ะฟะพัััะดะธะปัั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะฐะบัะฐะผะธ.
ะัะตะฝัั 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะธะน ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ, ะดะฐะฒะฐะฒัะธะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะน ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน ั 2014 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฑัะป ะฒะบะปััะตะฝ ะฒ ะกะฟะธัะพะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ั ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะฝะตะปะตะณะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ััะฝะบะต (ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ) ะฆะ โ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฑัะป ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฝะพะฒัะน, ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพัะฒะธะฒัะธะนัั ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝั ัะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฆะ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ััะฝะบะต.
ะัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ััะพะณะพ โ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั โ ะฆะ ะฒ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ะฟะธััะผะต ะฟะพ ะทะฐะฟัะพัั ะพะดะฝะพะน ะธะท ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน ะทะฐัะฒะปัะป, ััะพ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ะธ ะฒ ัะธะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะธะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฒะตะดะพะผััะฒะตะฝ ะฆะ, ะธ ะฒ ัะธะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะะฐะฝะบั ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัั , ะบะพัะพััะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฑั ะตะณะพ ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะผะตะณะฐัะตะณัะปััะพัะฐ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะณะพ ััะฝะบะฐ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั ะฒัะต ะธะทะผะตะฝะธะปะพัั: ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปัั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะฝะต ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฐ, ะพะฑัััะธัั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั. ะก ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะทะปะพะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ: ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะตะณะพ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ัะตััััะพะฒ, ัะธััะตะผั ะปะธัะฝัั ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะธ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒะพะทะฑัะถะดะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะน ะถะต ะพัะตะฝัั 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะดะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฑัะป ะพะฑััะฒะปะตะฝ ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะพะผยป ััััะบัััะพะน, ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะตะผั ะฑัะป ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝ ััะฐััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั.
ะะธะฟะพะฒัะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั
ะะพ ััะพ ะปะตะถะฐะปะพ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ? ะญัะพ ััะฐะปะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ โ ะธะท ะดะฒัั ะฟัะพัะตััะพะฒ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ, ะฟะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะฑัะฒัะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐะฒัะตะน ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะพะผยป, ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั, ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะผ โ ะฟะพ ะธัะบั ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ.
ะะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั, ะฒะฟะตัะฒัะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะบั ะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธะป ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั ะฝะตะบะธะน ัะตะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะตัะตะฝัะธะน ะฎะถะฝะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฆะ ะฒ ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐัะต โ ะบะพัะพััะน ัะถะต ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฐัั ะธะฒ ััะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธั ัะฐะบะถะต, ะฒะธะดะธะผะพ, ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ: ะฟะตัะฒะพะธััะพัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะน ะฝะตั โ ัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะตะบะธะต ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ: ะบะฐะบะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะธ ััะพ ะพัะผะตัะฐะตััั ะฒ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะธ, ะฝะต ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐะตััั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะบัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะธะน ัะตะฝัั ัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป ะฒ ะพััะตัะต, ััะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตัะพะดะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธัะผะธ ะะะ ะ ะค ยซะะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธั ะธ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ยซัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดยป.
ะะฐะปะตะต ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝัะน ะณะปะฐะฒะบ ะฆะ (ะฟัะตะถะฝะธะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั โ ะะฐะดะตะถะดะฐ ะกะฐะฒะธะฝัะบะฐั, ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะธะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั โ ะัะธะฝะฐ ะะตััะพะฒะฐ) โ ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝ ะฑัะป ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบั ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะน ะทะพะฝะต ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ (ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต), ะฟัะพััะพ ะฟะตัะตะฟะธััะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะท ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐัะฐ โ ะธ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตั ะตะณะพ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั.
ะะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะธะดะตั ยซะฝะฐะฒะตัั ยป โ ะธ (ัะตะฟะตัั ัะถะต ะฑัะฒัะธะน) ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐะผ ะฆะ ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั , ะบะพัะพััะน, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ัะตั ะฐะป ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะดะพะฟัะพัะธัั ะตะณะพ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฝะต ัะดะฐะปะพัั, ะฟะพะดะผะฐั ะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั ะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ.
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะฐัั โ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะฐั: ะฝะธ ะฒัะตะทะดะฝะฐั, ะฝะธ ะบะฐะผะตัะฐะปัะฝะฐั. ะะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฟัะฐัะธะฒะฐะปะธัั. ะะพัะตะผั? ะ ะฟะพัะพะผั, ะพะฑัััะฝััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะฆะ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟะพะดะฒะตะดะพะผััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฆะ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะตะน ะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฑั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะน. ะขะพ ะตััั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฟะพ ะฒัะดัะผะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะพะน ะธ ะธะฝะธัะธะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฝะตะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ, ะฐ ะฟัะพะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะตะต ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะพะดะปะธะฝะฝัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะตะปัะทั.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะต
ะฆะ ะฟะพะดะบัะตะฟะปัะตั ัะฒะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะฒะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ัะตะปัะผะธ ะฒะพัะตะผัั ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟะพะทะดะฝะธะผะธ, ัะตะผ ะฟะพะปัะผะธัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะบัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะธะต. ะะพ ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฝะพ ัะปะตะฝะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัััััั ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธัั : ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะตะฝ? ะะตั ะปะธ ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ ั ัะตะณัะปะธััััะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน?
ะะพ-ะฒัะพััั , ะฐะบัะพะผ ะพัะผะพััะฐ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฒ ะฝะตะผ ะทะฐัะธะบัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฝะพะฒะพััะธ ะธ ััััะบัััะฐ ะปะธัะฝัั ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะพะฒ, ะฑะพะปััะต ะฝะธัะตะณะพ.
ะขะพ ะตััั ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฒัะตะต ะฝะพัะผะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะฒะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฟัะธะฒะตะดัะตะต ะบ ะฐัะตััั ะตะณะพ ััะตัะพะฒ, ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฝะธ ะฝะฐ ัะตะผ ะฝะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะพ. ะะตัะฝะตะต, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะต ะผะฐัะธะธ, ัััะตะผััะตะนัั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะธ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฑะพัััะธั ัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ.
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั, ััะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัะฟะธัะพะบ โ ััะพ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะธะฝัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปะตะน ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะปัะณ ะพ ัะธัะบะฐั , ะฝะพ ัะฐะผ ะถะต ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพัะตัะธั, ะณะพะฒะพัั, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฆะ ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปัั ะฒ ะ ะพัะบะพะผะฝะฐะดะทะพั ะพ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ัะตััััะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพะฝ ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปัั ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฒะพะทะฑัะดะธัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ. ะ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะตะณะพ ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะปะตั ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะบัะธะผะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฟะธะทะพะดะฐ ะฝะต ะฝะฐะนะดะตะฝะพ: ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ัะธััะฐ.
ะะพะถั ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะพะน
ะะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ััะดัะฑั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ ะดะตะฟััะฐัั ะะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดัะผั ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะบ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒั ะฆะ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะปะธัะฝะพ ะบ ะญะปัะฒะธัะต ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะพะน. ะะฝะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะปะธ ัะฐะทะพะฑัะฐัััั ะฒ ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ะฟัะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะฒะฒะตััะธ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฆะ, ะบะพัะพััะน ัะฝะธะผะตั ัะพะผะฝะตะฝะธั ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฒะตะดะพะผััะฒะฐ.
ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพัะปะพะผ ะณะพะดั ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝะพ ะฟะพะพะฑะตัะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะตะฝะฐัะฝะพะผ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ะัะผั ะฟัะพัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒะพะฟัะพั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะฒ, ัะพะฒะผะตััะฝะพ ั ะดะตะฟััะฐััะบะธะผ ะบะพัะฟััะพะผ ะฒััะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะบะพะผะฟัะพะผะธััะฝัะต ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะตะฝะธั โ ะฝะพ ะทะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะณะพะด ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ!
ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐะตั ัะพัะฟะตะดะธัะพะฒะฐัััั, ะฐ ะฒะตะดั ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะตะนัะธะน ะดะปั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ัะพััะฐ ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะต ัะตะบัะพั โ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะน ะฐะบะบัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน (ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฑะพะปะตะต 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน!) ะธ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ะธั ะฒ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะบะธ. ะญัะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะตะนัะตะต ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะถะธะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐ โ ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธะฟะพัะตะบะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะตะดะพัััะฟะฝะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะปัััะตะผั ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะธ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต, ัะตะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั, โ ััะพ ะพะฑะพะณะฐัะตะฝะธั ะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒ ะธ ะผะฐัะธะธ, ัััะตะผััะธั ัั ะฟัะธะฑัะฐัั ะบ ััะบะฐะผ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ.
ะััะณะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะบะฐ
ะัะฐะบะธ ัะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะธัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะพััั ัะตะปะตะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะน ั ะฐัะฐะบัะตั. ะะพััะพะฒะตัะฝะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฒะตะปะฐัั ั ะพะดะพะฑัะตะฝะธั ะฟะตัะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐะผะฟัะตะดะฐ ะฆะ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะฐ ะงะธัััั ะธะฝะฐ โ ะฝะต ะณะพะฒะพัั ัะถะต ะพ ะฑัะฒัะตะผ ะธ ะฝัะฝะตัะฝะตะผ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปัั ะกะตะฒะตัะพ-ะะฐะฟะฐะดะฝะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฆะ ะกะฐะฒะธะฝัะบะพะน ะธ ะะตััะพะฒะพะน, ะฑัะฒัะตะผ ะดะธัะตะบัะพัะต (ัะฟัะฐะทะดะฝะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฒ ะฟัะพัะปะพะผ ะณะพะดั) ะะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐะผ ะะฐะปะตัะธะธ ะัั ะต, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะณะปะฐะฒะต ะทะฐะฑัะฐะฒัะตะณะพ ะตะณะพ ััะฝะบัะธะธ ะะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฝะตะฑะฐะฝะบะพะฒัะบะพะณะพ ะบัะตะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะะปัะต ะะพัะตัะบะพะฒะต.
ะญัะพ ะฝะต ััะพ ะธะฝะพะต, ะบะฐะบ ะบััะณะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะบะฐ. ะ ะฟัะพัะปะพะผ ะณะพะดั ะบ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปัะถะฑั ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปะตะน ะธ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฝะธั ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพััะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ััะปัะณ ะฆะ ะะธั ะฐะธะปั ะะฐะผััะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปะธัั ะฟะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ โ ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ัะฝััะธะธ ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะพ ััะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ (ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฐัะตัั ะฑัะป ะฝะฐะปะพะถะตะฝ ัะฝะพะฒะฐ). ะะฐะผััะฐ ะฟะพะด ะผะธัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะณะฐะผะธ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ.
ะัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะต ััะพ ะธะฝะพะต, ะบะฐะบ ัะตะปะตะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะต ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝะพะต ะฟัะตัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฝะตะบะธั ัะธะป, ะฒะพะปั ะบะพัะพััั ัััะตะผะธััั ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฆะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบ.
ะัะฐะบะธ, ั ะพะดะฝะพะน ััะพัะพะฝั, ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะฑะฐะฝะบะธัะพะฒ, ัััะตะผััะธั ัั ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะธะฟะพัะตัะฝัั ะผะพะฝะพะฟะพะปะธั ะธ ะฟะตัะตะบัััั ะบะธัะปะพัะพะด ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะฐ ั ะดััะณะพะน โ ัะฐะนะฝัั ะบัะบะปะพะฒะพะดะพะฒ, ัััะตะผััะธั ัั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั ะฑะพะปะตะต 4 ะผะปัะด ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะัะฐะบะฐ ัะตะฝััะพะฑะฐะฝะบะธัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑััั ะฒัะบัััะฐ, ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ, ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะดะพะปะถะฝั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝั ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะะคะฃ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะณะดะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพัะธะฝะธัั ะผัั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ:ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ััะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟัะธะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะฐััะตั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟัะธะฝัะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะพััะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะปะพััะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะพะฑัะตะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะพะฑัะตะบัะธะฒ ัะตะผะพะฝั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะกัะดะตะฑะฝะฐั ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพ-ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะฐั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐะกัะดะตะฑะฝะฐั ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพ-ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะฐั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะดะปั ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฟัะธัะธะฝ ะฒะพะทะณะพัะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะถะฐัะฐ ะฟัะพะผััะปะตะฝะฝัั ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ, ะถะธะปัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ, ะบะฒะฐััะธั, ะฐะฒัะพะผะพะฑะธะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะฐ (ะปะตะณะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ะธ ะณััะทะพะฒะพะณะพ) ะธ ั.ะด.
ะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ัะปะตะบััะพัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะพะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะธััะตะผ ัะปะตะบััะพัะฝะฐะฑะถะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะธััะปะตะดัะตะผัั ะพะฑัะตะบัะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะธะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ ะผะพะฝัะฐะถะฐ ะธ ัะบัะฟะปัะฐัะฐัะธะธ ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ั ะัะฐะฒะธะปะฐะผ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะบััะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะพะบ ะฒ ะ ะตัะฟัะฑะปะธะบะต ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝ.
ะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒ ะฟะพะถะฐัะฐะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะพะฑัะตะบัะพะฒ ะดะปั ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ ะธ ะฟัะธัะธะฝ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะถะฐัะฐ.
ะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะฒะตัะตััะฒ ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒะกัะดะตะฑะฝะฐั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะฒะตัะตััะฒ ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะผะตั ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะธั ะณะพัััะตััะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ ะธ ะฒะตัะตััะฒ ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะธั ะฒะพัะฟะปะฐะผะตะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ัะฐะผะพะฒะพะทะณะพัะฐะฝะธั.
ะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพะต ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตััะตะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะณะพัััะต-ัะผะฐะทะพัะฝัั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒะกัะดะตะฑะฝะพ – ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตััะตะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ ะธ ะณะพัััะต-ัะผะฐะทะพัะฝัั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดะผะตั ะธั ะฝะฐะปะธัะธั ะฝะฐ ะผะตััะต ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะถะฐัะฐ.
ะ ะตัะตะฝะธะต ััะดะพะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะฟะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะฐะผ, ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะตััั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะพะฒ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพ-ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะพะน ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทั.
ะะพั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะฐะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะธัั ะผะตััะฐ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธั ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะณะพัะตะฝะธั (ะพัะฐะณะฐ, ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะธั ะณะพัะตะฝะธั, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน), ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธั ะธ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั ะณะพัะตะฝะธั, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒััะฒะธัั ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะฒะพะทะณะพัะฐะฝะธั, ััะพะฑั ััะด ัะผะพะณ ะฒัะฝะตััะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั: ะฒ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะตะฝัะฐัะธะธ ะทะฐ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒะฐะผ ะฒัะตะด, ะฒ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะต ะฝะตะฟัะธัะฐััะฝะพััะธ ะบ ะฒะพะทะณะพัะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟั.
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะฆะตะฝััะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทั (ะฒ ะฟัะพัะปะพะผ ะะฐะทะฐั ัะบะพะน ะฝะฐััะฝะพ-ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปััะบะธะน ะธะฝััะธััั ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะท) ั 1977 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะธะผะตั ะฟะพัะตัะฝัะต ะณัะฐะผะพัั ะทะฐ ะทะฐัะปัะณะธ ะพั ะะธะฝะธัััะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะกะกะกะ ะธ ะ ะตัะฟัะฑะปะธะบะธ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝ.
ะะพะน ะผะฝะพะณะพะปะตัะฝะธะน ััะฐะถ ัะฐะฑะพัั ( 45 ะปะตั) ั ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐะผะธ ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฟะพ ะฒััะตัะบะฐะทะฐะฝะฝะพะผั ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะฒัะดะฐัั ะฒะฐะผ ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพะต ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต, ะพัะฒะตัะฐััะธะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ ะพะฑัะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ, ะฒัะตััะพัะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตัะฒะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตัะฒะตัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะฏ ะฒ ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผ ะฝะตะดะพัะผะตะฝะธะธ ะพั ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะณะพ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน“. ะะพัะตะผั ะฒะปะฐััะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะฝะตะทะฐะฟะฝะพ ัะตัะธะปะธ ัะดะฐัะธัั ะฟะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะน ะดะปั ะฟัะพัััั ะปัะดะตะน ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะถะธะปัะต? ะฃะถะต ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ, ะบะฐะบ ะผั ั ัะตะผัะตะน ะถะธะฒะตะผ ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะบัะฟะปะตะฝะฝะพะน ัะตัะตะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะั ะฟะปะฐัะธะผ ัะฒะพะธ ะฒะทะฝะพัั ัะตััะฝะพ ะธ ัะฒะพะตะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ, ะธ ะดะฐะถะต ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฒัะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐั ั ะฑั ะฒ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝะพะต ะถะธะปัะต ัะตัะตะท ะธะฟะพัะตะบั. ะขะตะฟะตัั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ััะพะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฝะฐัะธ ััะตัะฐ ะทะฐะผะพัะพะถะตะฝั, ะธ ะฝะฐั ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพััะฐะฒะปััั ะฑะตะท ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝััั ัะฒะพะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ.
Arrowheads reveal the presence of a mysterious army in Europeโs oldest battle
ะณะตะธ ะถะตััะบะพ
Today, the lush, green valley surrounding the Tollense River in northeast Germany appears to be a serene place to appreciate nature.
But to archaeologists, the Tollense Valley is considered Europeโs oldest battlefield.
An amateur archaeologist first spotted a bone sticking out of the riverbank in 1996.
A series of ongoing site excavations since 2008 has shown that the thousands of bones and hundreds of weapons preserved by the valleyโs undisturbed environment were part of a large-scale battle 3,250 years ago.
The biggest mysteries that researchers aim to uncover are why the battle occurred and who fought in it. These are questions that they are now one step closer to answering.
ozens of bronze and flint arrowheads recovered from the Tollense Valley are revealing details about the able-bodied warriors who fought in the Bronze Age battle.
The research team analyzed and compared the arrowheads, some of which were still embedded in the remains of the fallen. While many of these weapons were locally produced, some bearing different shapes came from a region that now includes modern Bavaria and Moravia.
The outliersโ presence suggests that a southern army clashed with local tribes in the valley, and researchers suspect the conflict began at a key landmark along the river.
Back to the future
Scientists are harnessing the power of artificial intelligence to detect hidden archaeological sites buried below the sand of the sprawling Rubโ al-Khali desert.
The desert spans 250,000 square miles (650,000 square kilometers) on the Arabian Peninsula, and its name translates to โthe Empty Quarterโ in English. To unravel the secrets of the desolate terrain, researchers are combining machine learning with a satellite imagery technique that uses radio waves to spot objects that may be concealed beneath surfaces.
The technology will be tested in October when excavations assess whether predicted structures are present at the Saruq Al Hadid complex in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Separately, an AI-assisted analysis uncovered a trove of ancient symbols in Peruโs Nazca Desert, nearly doubling the number of known geoglyphs, or stone and gravel arranged into giant shapes that depict animals, humans and geometric designs.
ะฏ ะฒ ััะพััะธ! ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ัะถะต ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะปะตั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ะปัะดัะผ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะผะตะฝั, ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะฐัั ะถะธะปัะต ะฟะพ ะดะพัััะฟะฝัะผ ััะปะพะฒะธัะผ. ะ ััะพ ัะตะฟะตัั? ะะผะตััะพ ัะพะณะพ ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะพัั ัะฐะทะฒัะทะฐะปะธ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฝะฐั ะฒะพะนะฝั! ะะฝะธ ะฒัะดัะผัะฒะฐัั ะบะฐะบะธะต-ัะพ ะฝะตะปะตะฟัะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะณะพะฒะพััั ะพ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะต, ั ะพัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะตััะฝะพ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะป ะฒัะต ัะฒะพะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ. ะัะตััะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฝะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ ััะตัะฐ โ ะบัะพ ะดะฐะป ะธะผ ะฝะฐ ััะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพ? ะ ััะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะณะพ, ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะดััะฐะฒะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะปะถะธ. ะ ััะพ ะฒัั ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ัััััะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะพััะฐะปะธัั ะฑะตะท ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะปัััะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะถะธะปะธัะฝัะต ััะปะพะฒะธั! ะฏ ะฝะฐะดะตััั, ััะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั ะฒะพััะพัะถะตััะฒัะตั, ะธ ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฑัะดัั ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐะฝั ะทะฐ ะฒัะต ัะฒะพะธ ะณััะทะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั.
Arrowheads reveal the presence of a mysterious army in Europeโs oldest battle
[url=https://stolohov.com/lohotrony/life-is-good-hermes-i-best-way.html]ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั ะฟะตัะฒัะต[/url]
Today, the lush, green valley surrounding the Tollense River in northeast Germany appears to be a serene place to appreciate nature.
But to archaeologists, the Tollense Valley is considered Europeโs oldest battlefield.
An amateur archaeologist first spotted a bone sticking out of the riverbank in 1996.
A series of ongoing site excavations since 2008 has shown that the thousands of bones and hundreds of weapons preserved by the valleyโs undisturbed environment were part of a large-scale battle 3,250 years ago.
The biggest mysteries that researchers aim to uncover are why the battle occurred and who fought in it. These are questions that they are now one step closer to answering.
ozens of bronze and flint arrowheads recovered from the Tollense Valley are revealing details about the able-bodied warriors who fought in the Bronze Age battle.
The research team analyzed and compared the arrowheads, some of which were still embedded in the remains of the fallen. While many of these weapons were locally produced, some bearing different shapes came from a region that now includes modern Bavaria and Moravia.
The outliersโ presence suggests that a southern army clashed with local tribes in the valley, and researchers suspect the conflict began at a key landmark along the river.
Back to the future
Scientists are harnessing the power of artificial intelligence to detect hidden archaeological sites buried below the sand of the sprawling Rubโ al-Khali desert.
The desert spans 250,000 square miles (650,000 square kilometers) on the Arabian Peninsula, and its name translates to โthe Empty Quarterโ in English. To unravel the secrets of the desolate terrain, researchers are combining machine learning with a satellite imagery technique that uses radio waves to spot objects that may be concealed beneath surfaces.
The technology will be tested in October when excavations assess whether predicted structures are present at the Saruq Al Hadid complex in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Separately, an AI-assisted analysis uncovered a trove of ancient symbols in Peruโs Nazca Desert, nearly doubling the number of known geoglyphs, or stone and gravel arranged into giant shapes that depict animals, humans and geometric designs.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตัะตะฒัั ั ัะฐะฝะธะปะธั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตัะตะฒัั ั ัะฐะฝะธะปะธั ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะธะณะฒะตะตะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะณะฒะตั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Look of the Week: Forget the naked dress, Kendall Jenner makes the case for underwear as outerwear
ะัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
On Monday, Kendall Jenner stepped out onto the LโOreal Paris womenswear runway in a scarlet red Mugler gown that might have looked familiar to anyone with a sharp memory of 1999.
The front of the dress was slashed open across Jennerโs right shoulder, exposing a matching denier bra. The peekaboo moment conjured up memories of another example of fashionable flashing: Lilโ Kimโs purple embellished jumpsuit at the VMAs 26 years earlier. On the red carpet, Kimโs left breast was almost entirely revealed by an asymmetrical cut โ a mirror image of Jennerโs neckline โ save for a matching purple nipple pasty.
Jennerโs Mugler moment was just the latest example of a resurging tendency for underwear as outerwear. At the Nensi Dojaka runway show in London earlier this month, boxy blazers were shrugged over strappy bras while paneled bustiers in sheer fabric were paired with capri trousers and reimagined as going out tops. Brasseries were even left exposed to the elements at Erdem โ a departure for a house beloved by both British acting royalty (Kristen Scott Thomas) and actual royalty (the Duchess of Cambridge). Dolce & Gabbana got the memo, too, showing satin corsets, garter belts and Madonna-esque cone bras at Milan Fashion Week on Saturday. Florence Pugh even wore one of the labelโs risque designs in her first British Vogue cover last week โ the circle neckline of her puff-shouldered black dress scooping just above the belly button, acting as a full-frontal frame for her bra.
But the trend extends beyond just the runways. During the first performance of her โShort nโ Sweetโ tour on Monday, singer Sabrina Carpenter took to the stage in a custom Victoriaโs Secret bodysuit and stockings. Hand-adorned with over 150,000 crystals, the strapless pink lace-trimmed leotard took over 140 hours to make. On Monday,YouTube star and singer Jojo Siwa inverted the fad by donning a codpiece for a headline-grabbing cover shoot with LadyGunn magazine. The 15th century undergarment was bedazzled with flesh-colored gemstones.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐะณะฝะธัะพะป ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะฟะพัะธะฝะธัั ะผะฐะณะฝะธัะพะปั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Look of the Week: Forget the naked dress, Kendall Jenner makes the case for underwear as outerwear
kraken ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั
On Monday, Kendall Jenner stepped out onto the LโOreal Paris womenswear runway in a scarlet red Mugler gown that might have looked familiar to anyone with a sharp memory of 1999.
The front of the dress was slashed open across Jennerโs right shoulder, exposing a matching denier bra. The peekaboo moment conjured up memories of another example of fashionable flashing: Lilโ Kimโs purple embellished jumpsuit at the VMAs 26 years earlier. On the red carpet, Kimโs left breast was almost entirely revealed by an asymmetrical cut โ a mirror image of Jennerโs neckline โ save for a matching purple nipple pasty.
Jennerโs Mugler moment was just the latest example of a resurging tendency for underwear as outerwear. At the Nensi Dojaka runway show in London earlier this month, boxy blazers were shrugged over strappy bras while paneled bustiers in sheer fabric were paired with capri trousers and reimagined as going out tops. Brasseries were even left exposed to the elements at Erdem โ a departure for a house beloved by both British acting royalty (Kristen Scott Thomas) and actual royalty (the Duchess of Cambridge). Dolce & Gabbana got the memo, too, showing satin corsets, garter belts and Madonna-esque cone bras at Milan Fashion Week on Saturday. Florence Pugh even wore one of the labelโs risque designs in her first British Vogue cover last week โ the circle neckline of her puff-shouldered black dress scooping just above the belly button, acting as a full-frontal frame for her bra.
But the trend extends beyond just the runways. During the first performance of her โShort nโ Sweetโ tour on Monday, singer Sabrina Carpenter took to the stage in a custom Victoriaโs Secret bodysuit and stockings. Hand-adorned with over 150,000 crystals, the strapless pink lace-trimmed leotard took over 140 hours to make. On Monday,YouTube star and singer Jojo Siwa inverted the fad by donning a codpiece for a headline-grabbing cover shoot with LadyGunn magazine. The 15th century undergarment was bedazzled with flesh-colored gemstones.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐะผะตะฝะฐ ััะตะบะปะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะฐะฝัะตัะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝะธะบะฐ apollo ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝะธะบะพะฒ apollo
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะปะตะบััะพัะฐะผะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะปะตะบััะพัะฐะผะพะบะฐัะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
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ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะะฐะฟััะพะฝ ะคะะ4
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
ะัะฐะบะตะฝ ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ ะดะตัะตะฒะพ
ะ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต ัะตะนัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะตะนั ะผะพะดะตะปะธ ัะตะนัะพะฒ
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken ะฒะพะนัะธ
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
You can now order your Spirit Halloween costume on Uber Eats
kraken marketplace
Uber is cashing in on spooky season.
The ridehailing company will now deliver costumes, makeup, and even decorations from Spirit Halloween, the largest Halloween retailer in North America, Uber announced in a press release Friday.
Big-box retailers are getting into Halloween earlier and earlier, suggesting American consumers continue spending on the October holiday even as they pull back from other discretionary purchases.
Customers in the US and Canada can buy their Chipotle burrito costume for the same price as in store, but without having to visit the seasonal Halloween store that pops up in abandoned storefronts every year, Uber said. Of course, there will still be the fees associated with Uber Eats delivery.
Spirit Halloween has 1,525 locations.
โThe holiday season officially kicks off this time of year, and households across the country are looking to on-demand delivery to get whatโs neededโnow,โ said Beryl Sanders, director of US grocery and retail partnerships at Uber, in a statement.
Since the pandemic, different types of retailers have partnered with Uber to deliver their goods โ such as Olive Garden for its breadsticks and pasta. Uber Eats has also partnered with Big Lots, Loweโs, Michaelโs and Party City for on-demand delivery.
Uber and its competitors have also experimented with robot deliveries, though those have not fully taken off in the US market.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฒ ะฒะพะปะณะพะณัะฐะดะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Hong Kong plans to install thousands of surveillance cameras. Critics say itโs more proof the city is moving closer to China
ััะธัั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน
Glance up while strolling through parts of downtown Hong Kong and, chances are, youโll notice the glassy black lens of a surveillance camera trained on the cityโs crowded streets.
And that sight will become more common in the coming years, as the cityโs police pursue an ambitious campaign to install thousands of cameras to elevate their surveillance capabilities.
Though it consistently ranks among the worldโs safest big cities, police in the Asian financial hub say the new cameras are needed to fight crime โ and have raised the possibility of equipping them with powerful facial recognition and artificial intelligence tools.
Thatโs sparked alarm among some experts who see it as taking Hong Kong one step closer to the pervasive surveillance systems of mainland China, warning of the technologyโs repressive potential.
Hong Kong police had previously set a target of installing 2,000 new surveillance cameras this year, and potentially more than that each subsequent year. The force plans to eventually introduce facial recognition to these cameras, security chief Chris Tang told local media in July โ adding that police could use AI in the future to track down suspects.
In a statement to CNN, the Hong Kong Police Force said it was studying how police in other countries use surveillance cameras, including how they use AI. But itโs not clear how many of the new cameras may have facial recognition capabilities, or whether thereโs a timeline for when the tech will be introduced.
Tang and the Hong Kong police have repeatedly pointed to other jurisdictions, including Western democracies, that also make wide use of surveillance cameras for law enforcement. For instance, Singapore has 90,000 cameras and the United Kingdom has more than seven million, Tang told local newspaper Sing Tao Daily in June.
While some of those places, like the UK, have started using facial recognition cameras, experts say these early experiments have highlighted the need for careful regulation and privacy protections. Hong Kong police told CNN they would โcomply with relevant lawsโ and follow strong internal guidelines โ but havenโt elaborated in depth on what that would look like.
ะะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั: ะะฐะบ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฝะฐะผ
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ: ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ัะธัะพััััะพะณะตะฝั ะธ ะฐะฝัะธะพะบัะธะดะฐะฝัั, ะผะพะณัั ัะปัััะธัั ะถะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะะพะดะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ัะตะบัะตัะฐะผะธ ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฟัะธัะพะดะฐ โ ะปัััะธะน ัะพัะทะฝะธะบ ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะพัะต ะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต!
femovit ะบัะฟะธัั
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ะะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั: ะะพัะตะผั ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ?
ะัะธะฒะตั, ะดะพัะพะณะธะต ะดะฐัะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ะพะณะพัะพะดะฝะธะบะธ! ะกะตะณะพะดะฝั ะดะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะณะพะฒะพัะธะผ ะพ ัะตะผะต, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะบะฐะถะดะพะน ะถะตะฝัะธะฝั โ ะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต. ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะธัะต ะผั ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตะผ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะฒ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะฐั ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะพัะตะผั ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะธ ะผะพะณัั ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ? ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะฒะผะตััะต!
ะะฐัะตะผ ะทะฐะฑะพัะธัััั ะพ ะถะตะฝัะบะพะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต?
ะะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต, ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะฒ ัะตะฑั ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต, ะฟัะธั ะธัะตัะบะพะต ะธ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะธะต. ะะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะถะตะฝัะธะฝั ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะตั ัะตะผัั, ะบะฐััะตัั ะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั. ะะพ ััะฐัะธััะธะบะต, ะถะตะฝัะธะฝั ัะฐัะต ัััะฐะดะฐัั ะพั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ะณะพัะผะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะฐััััะพะนััะฒะฐ, ัััะตัั ะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะดะตะฟัะตััะธั. ะะพััะพะผั ะทะฐะฑะพัะธัััั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะทะฐะฑะพัะธัััั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ!
ะัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ั ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ััะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐัััั ะถะตะฝัะธะฝั
ะะพัะผะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั: ะะตัะตะณัะปััะฝัะน ัะธะบะป, ะะะก ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะผะพะณัั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัั ัะดัะฐัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ.
ะกััะตัั ะธ ัััะฐะปะพััั: ะกะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ัะธัะผั ะถะธะทะฝะธ ัะฐััะพ ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัั ะบ ั ัะพะฝะธัะตัะบะพะผั ัััะตััั.
ะะผะผัะฝะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ: ะะตะฝัะธะฝั ัะฐัะต ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะถะตะฝั ะธะฝัะตะบัะธัะผ, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะต ะฟะตัะธะพะดั ะถะธะทะฝะธ.
ะ ะพะปั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ัะปัััะตะฝะธะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั
ะะฐะบ ะถะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะผะพัั? ะัะธัะพะดะฐ ัะตะดัะพ ะดะฐัะธั ะฝะฐะผ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ะถะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต. ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะท ะฝะธั .
1. ะคะธัะพััััะพะณะตะฝั: ะฒะฐัะฐ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ ะฒ ะผะตะฝะพะฟะฐัะทะต
ะคะธัะพััััะพะณะตะฝั โ ััะพ ัะฐััะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ัะพะตะดะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะผะธัะธัััั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะต ััััะพะณะตะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะต. ะะฝะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะพะฑะปะตะณัะธัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั ะผะตะฝะพะฟะฐัะทั, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะปะธะฒั ะธ ะธะทะผะตะฝะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัััะพะตะฝะธั. ะัะพะดัะบัั, ะฑะพะณะฐััะต ัะธัะพััััะพะณะตะฝะฐะผะธ:
ะกะพะตะฒัะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัั: ะขะพัั, ัะพะตะฒะพะต ะผะพะปะพะบะพ
ะัะฝัะฝัะต ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ: ะฃะฟะพััะตะฑะปัะนัะต ะธั ะฒ ัะผัะทะธ ะธะปะธ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปัะนัะต ะฒ ะนะพะณััั
2. ะะฝัะธะพะบัะธะดะฐะฝัั: ะทะฐัะธัะฐ ะพั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดะฝัั ัะฐะดะธะบะฐะปะพะฒ
ะะฝัะธะพะบัะธะดะฐะฝัั, ัะพะดะตัะถะฐัะธะตัั ะฒ ัะณะพะดะฐั , ะพัะตั ะฐั ะธ ะทะตะปะตะฝัั ะพะฒะพัะฐั , ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะบะปะตัะบะธ ะพั ะฟะพะฒัะตะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะธ ััะฐัะตะฝะธั. ะะฝะธ ัะบัะตะฟะปััั ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะบะพะถะธ. ะกะพะณะปะฐัะฝั, ััะพ ัะณะพะดั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะบััะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝะพ?
3. ะะธัะฐะผะธะฝ C: ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตัะฐ
ะะธัะฐะผะธะฝ C โ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะปัััะธัั ะพะฑัะตะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะฝ ัะฐะบะถะต ะธะณัะฐะตั ะบะปััะตะฒัั ัะพะปั ะฒ ัะธะฝัะตะทะต ะบะพะปะปะฐะณะตะฝะฐ, ััะพ ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝะพ ะดะปั ะบะพะถะธ ะธ ััััะฐะฒะพะฒ. ะั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะตะณะพ ะฒ:
ะฆะธััััะพะฒัั : ะะฟะตะปััะธะฝะฐั , ะปะธะผะพะฝะฐั
ะจะธะฟะพะฒะฝะธะบะต: ะัะตะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะดะปั ัะฐั ะธะปะธ ะฝะฐััะพะตะบ
ะะพัะตะผั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะปัััะต ัะธะฝัะตัะธัะตัะบะธั ?
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัั ะฝะฐ ััะฝะบะต ัะพะดะตัะถะฐั ัะธะฝัะตัะธัะตัะบะธะต ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ะฒัะทัะฒะฐัั ะฟะพะฑะพัะฝัะต ัััะตะบัั. ะัะธัะพะดะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะพ, ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝั ะธ ะปัััะต ััะฒะฐะธะฒะฐัััั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะพะผ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ัะธัะพััััะพะณะตะฝั ะผะพะณัั ัะผะตะฝััะฐัั ัะธัะบ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั ัะฐะบะฐ ะผะพะปะพัะฝะพะน ะถะตะปะตะทั ะฒ ะพัะปะธัะธะต ะพั ัะธะฝัะตัะธัะตัะบะธั ะณะพัะผะพะฝะพะฒ.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั: ะฒะฐัะต ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ!
ะ ะบะฐะบ ะฒั ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตัั ะบ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐะผ ะฒ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต? ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะตัะต ะปะธ ะฒั ะบะฐะบะธะต-ัะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ ะธะปะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ? ะะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะผััะปัะผะธ ะธ ัะตะบัะตัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั ! ะะพะถะตั, ั ะฒะฐั ะตััั ะปัะฑะธะผัะต ัะตัะตะฟัั ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัะพะฒ?
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
ะะตะฝัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ะธ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะผะพะณัั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะผ ัะพัะทะฝะธะบะพะผ. ะะฐะฑะพัััะตัั ะพ ัะตะฑะต, ะฒัะฑะธัะฐะนัะต ัะพ, ััะพ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฟัะธัะพะดะฐ, ะธ ะฒั ะทะฐะผะตัะธัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะฒะฐัะตะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ ัะปัััะธััั.
ะัะธัะพะดะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธัั ะปัััะตะต โ ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝั? ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฒะผะตััะต ะทะฐะฑะพัะธัััั ะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต!
ะ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต ัะตะนัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ัะตะนั 2 ะบะปะฐััะฐ ัะตะนั 2 ะบะปะฐััะฐ ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะพััะธ
“ะะธัั ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ: ะ ะฐะทะฒะตะฝัะธะฒะฐะตะผ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธั”
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
“ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต ะฟัะฐะฒะดั ะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะธ ะะะะฐั ! ะั ัะฐะทะฒะตะฝัะฐะตะผ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะต ะผะธัั, ะพะฑัััะฝะธะผ, ััะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ะธ ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฝะฐััะฝะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัั, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ Golden Khan, ะผะพะณัั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะพัะทะฝะธะบะพะผ ะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธะธ ะผัะถัะบะพะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.”
golden khan ัะตะฝะฐ
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ะะธัั ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ: ะ ะฐัะบััะฒะฐะตะผ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธั
ะะพะณะดะฐ ัะตัั ะทะฐั ะพะดะธั ะพ ะผัะถัะบะพะน ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ, ะฝะฐ ะณะพัะธะทะพะฝัะต ะฟะพัะฒะปัะตััั ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะผะธัะพะฒ ะธ ัะปัั ะพะฒ. ะัะพ-ัะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัั ะผะพะณัั ะผะณะฝะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัะตัะธัั ะฒัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะฒ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะบะฐะบ ะดััะณะธะต ัะฒััะพ ะฒะตััั, ััะพ ะปะธัั ะปะตะบะฐัััะฒะฐ ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะผะพัั. ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ัะฐะทะฒะตะฝัะฐะตะผ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะฝัะต ะผะธัั ะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะธ ะะะะฐั , ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ Golden Khan, ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะตะผ, ััะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั.
ะะธั 1: ะขะพะปัะบะพ ะปะตะบะฐัััะฒะฐ ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั
ะญัะพั ะผะธั ัะธัะพะบะพ ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝ, ะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะผัะถัะธะฝั ััะธัะฐัั, ััะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฒัั ะพะดะพะผ ะธะท ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ัะฒะปััััั ัะฐะฑะปะตัะบะธ. ะะฐ, ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะผะตะดะธะบะฐะผะตะฝัั ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝั, ะฝะพ ััะพ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะััั ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะพะบ, ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ Golden Khan, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ. ะะฝะธ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั, ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐััะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะฟะพะปะพะฒะพะน ัะธััะตะผั, ะฑะตะท ะฟะพะฑะพัะฝัั ัััะตะบัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝััั ะพั ั ะธะผะธัะตัะบะธั ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะะฐััะฝัะต ัะฐะบัั
ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ 30-40% ะผัะถัะธะฝ, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐััะธั ะะะั ั ะถะตะฝััะตะฝะตะผ ะธ ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะผะธ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐะผะธ, ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ัะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ. ะัะพะดัะบัั, ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝัะต Golden Khan, ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ะพัะปะธัะฝะพะน ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะพะน ะผะตะดะธะบะฐะผะตะฝัะฐะผ.
ะะธั 2: ะัะต ะะะั ะพะดะธะฝะฐะบะพะฒั
ะะต ะฒัะต ะะะั ัะพะทะดะฐะฝั ัะฐะฒะฝัะผะธ! ะะฐ ััะฝะบะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะพะบ, ะฝะพ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ัะธะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะทะปะธัะฐัััั. ะะฐะถะฝะพ ะฒัะฑะธัะฐัั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัะต ะฟัะพะดัะบัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะพัะปะธ ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะธะผะตัั ะฝะฐััะฝัั ะพัะฝะพะฒั.
ะะพัะตะผั Golden Khan?
Golden Khan โ ััะพ ะฟัะพะดัะบั, ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะธะผะตััะธั ะฝะฐััะฝะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐ ะดะปั ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะผัะถัะบะพะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะพะฑัะตะต ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธะต. ะฃะฑะตะดะธัะตัั, ััะพ ะฒะฐั ะฒัะฑะพั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัั , ะฐ ะฝะต ะฝะฐ ัะตะบะปะฐะผะต.
ะะธั 3: ะะพัะตะฝัะธั ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพั ะฒะพะทัะฐััะฐ
ะฅะพัั ะฒะพะทัะฐัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะณัะฐะตั ัะพะปั ะฒ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ, ััะพ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะฐะบัะพั. ะกะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั, ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัััะตััะฐ, ะพะฑัะฐะท ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธ ะดะฐะถะต ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ะผะพะณัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัั ัะตะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั.
ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั
ะะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ, ะพะบะพะปะพ 70% ะผัะถัะธะฝ ััะฐััะต 40 ะปะตั ะฒัะต ะตัะต ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ัะตะบััะฐะปัะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั, ะตัะปะธ ัะปะตะดัั ะทะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะตะผ ะธ ััะพะฒะฝะตะผ ัััะตััะฐ. ะะดะพัะพะฒะพะต ะฟะธัะฐะฝะธะต, ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะฐั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะพะบ ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะพั ัะฐะฝััั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั ะฝะฐ ะฒััะพะบะพะผ ััะพะฒะฝะต.
ะะธั 4: ะกะตะบััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั โ ััะพ ัััะดะฝะพ
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะผัะถัะธะฝั ััะตัะฝััััั ะพะฑััะถะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะตะน, ััะธัะฐั ััะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะผ ัะปะฐะฑะพััะธ. ะะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ััะพ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฝะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ, ะธ ะพะฑััะถะดะตะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟะตัะฒัะผ ัะฐะณะพะผ ะบ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั.
ะัะบัััะพะต ะพะฑัะตะฝะธะต
ะะต ะฑะพะนัะตัั ะณะพะฒะพัะธัั ั ะฟะฐััะฝะตัะพะผ ะธะปะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั. ะงะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒั ะฑัะดะตัะต ะพะฑััะถะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั, ัะตะผ ะปะตะณัะต ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐะนัะธ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต.
ะะพัะตะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะดะพะฒะตัััั ะฝะฐััะฝะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะฐะผ?
ะัะฑะพั ะะะะพะฒ, ัะฐะบะธั ะบะฐะบ Golden Khan, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐััะฝัั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัั , ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ัะฐะทะพัะฐัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ะฝะตะฝัะถะฝัั ัะธัะบะพะฒ. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ัะปัััะธัั ะฒะฐัะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะตัะปะธ ะฒั ะฑัะดะตัะต ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธัะผ ะธ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธัั ะบ ะฒัะฑะพัั ะพัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพ.
ะ ัะตะผ ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพ Golden Khan?
ะญัะพั ะฟัะพะดัะบั ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฝ ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะผัะถัะบะพะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะฝ ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะบัะพะฒะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต, ัะปัััะฐัั ะพะฑะผะตะฝ ะฒะตัะตััะฒ ะธ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธะฒะฐัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัะฝะตัะณะธะธ.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั: ะฒะฐัะต ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต
ะะฐะบะพะฒั ะฒะฐัะธ ะผััะปะธ ะพ ะผะธัะฐั , ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะตะน? ะกัะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐะปะธัั ะปะธ ะฒั ั ะฝะตะดะพะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะฒ ััะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ? ะะพะดะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ัะพะฒะตัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั !
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต: ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะทะฝะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะดั
ะะพะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะฐะฒะดั ะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะธ ะะะะฐั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะฐะผ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะพัะพะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ัะฒะพั ะถะธะทะฝั. ะ ะฐะทะฒะตะฝัะธะฒะฐั ะผะธัั, ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ัะฒะพะฑะพะดะฝะพ ะณะพะฒะพัะธัั ะพ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐั ะธ ะธัะบะฐัั ัะตัะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั. ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต, ััะพ ะฒะฐั ะฒัะฑะพั ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฑััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝ ะฝะฐ ะทะฝะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ะดะพะฒะตัะธะธ ะบ ะฝะฐััะฝัะผ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ.
ะะฐัะฝะธัะต ะทะฐะฑะพัะธัััั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั, ะธ ะฟัััั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะธะฝัะธะผะฝะฐั ะถะธะทะฝั ััะฐะฝะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะฝะพะน ะธ ััะบะพะน!
ะขัั ะดะตะปะฐัั ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต seo ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะธั ัะฐะนัะพะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะธั ัะฐะนัะพะฒ
ะขัั ะดะตะปะฐัั ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธะต seo ะดะปั ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะบะฐ ัะฐะนั ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐ
ะั ัะตะผัะฝ ะดะพ ััะพะถะฐั: ะฟะพัะฐะณะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะฟะพ ะฒััะฐัะธะฒะฐะฝะธั ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัะตะฒ
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ: ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฒััะฐััะธัั ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัั ะฒ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต โ ะพั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ัะตะผัะฝ ะดะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟะตัะฒะพะณะพ ััะพะถะฐั. ะะพัะฐะณะพะฒัะต ัะพะฒะตัั ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ะฒะฐะผ ะฝะฐัะปะฐะดะธัััั ัะฒะตะถะธะผะธ ัััะบัะฐะผะธ ะฟััะผะพ ั ะฟะพะดะพะบะพะฝะฝะธะบะฐ. ะะฐัะฝะธัะต ัะฒะพะต ะทะตะปะตะฝะพะต ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั!
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ะั ัะตะผัะฝ ะดะพ ััะพะถะฐั: ะฟะพัะฐะณะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะฟะพ ััะฟะตั ั ั ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒััะผะธ
ะั ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ะฝะธะฑัะดั ะผะตััะฐะปะธ ะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัััะบัะพะฒัั ะดะตัะตะฒััั , ะฝะพ ะดัะผะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพัััะฐะฝััะฒะฐ ะธ ััะธะปะธะน? ะะต ะฒะพะปะฝัะนัะตัั! ะะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัั ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดัั ะดะปั ะบะฒะฐััะธั ะธ ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธั ััะฐััะบะพะฒ. ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ ะฟะพัะฐะณะพะฒะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ, ะพั ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ัะตะผัะฝ ะดะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟะตัะฒะพะณะพ ััะพะถะฐั. ะะพัะพะฒั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะฟััั ะบ ะทะตะปะตะฝะพะผั ััะฟะตั ั? ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัััั!
ะจะฐะณ 1: ะัะฑะพั ัะตะผัะฝ
ะะตัะฒัะน ะธ ัะฐะผัะน ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ัะฐะณ โ ััะพ ะฒัะฑะพั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัั ัะตะผัะฝ. ะัะฑะตัะธัะต ัะต ัะพััะฐ ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัะตะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดัั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะธั ััะปะพะฒะธะน. ะะพั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ:
ะะธะผะพะฝ (Citrus limon). ะญัะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะบัะฝะพะต ะดะตัะตะฒะพ ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะฝะพ ัะฐััะตั ะฒ ะณะพััะบะฐั ะธ ัะฐะดัะตั ะฒะฐั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฐัะพะผะฐัะฝัะผะธ ะฟะปะพะดะฐะผะธ.
ะะฐะฝะดะฐัะธะฝ (Citrus reticulata). ะกะปะฐะดะบะธะต ะผะฐะฝะดะฐัะธะฝั ะฟะพัะฐะดััั ะฒะฐั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะฒะบััะพะผ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะบัะฐัะพัะพะน ัะฒะตัะตะฝะธั.
ะฏะฑะปะพะฝั (Malus domestica). ะะฐัะปะธะบะพะฒัะต ัะพััะฐ ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฒััะฐััะธัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะบะพะฝะฝะธะบะต ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฟะตัะฒัะต ะฟะปะพะดั.
ะะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ?
ะัะธ ะฒัะฑะพัะต ัะตะผัะฝ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะนัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดัััะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั:
ะะปะธะผะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะปะพะฒะธั. ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบะธะต ัะพััะฐ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดัั ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐ.
ะ ะฐะทะผะตั ัะฐััะตะฝะธั. ะฃะฑะตะดะธัะตัั, ััะพ ะฒะฐัะต ะดะตัะตะฒะพ ะฑัะดะตั ะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะบัะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะฟัะพัััะฐะฝััะฒะฐ.
ะจะฐะณ 2: ะะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะบะฐ ะบ ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะต
ะขะตะฟะตัั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒั ะฒัะฑัะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ, ะฟะพัะฐ ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ะฒัะต ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพะต ะดะปั ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะธ.
ะะฐะผ ะฟะพะฝะฐะดะพะฑัััั:
ะะพััะพะบ. ะัะฑะตัะธัะต ะบะพะฝัะตะนะฝะตั ั ะดัะตะฝะฐะถะฝัะผะธ ะพัะฒะตัััะธัะผะธ. ะะปั ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะฐะฟะฐ ะฟะพะดะพะนะดะตั ะณะพััะพะบ ะดะธะฐะผะตััะพะผ 20-30 ัะผ.
ะะพัะฒะฐ. ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะณััะฝั ะดะปั ัะธััััะพะฒัั ะธะปะธ ัะฝะธะฒะตััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟะพัะฒั ั ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฟะตัะปะธัะฐ ะดะปั ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะดัะตะฝะฐะถะฐ.
ะกะตะผะตะฝะฐ. ะฃะฑะตะดะธัะตัั, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ัะฒะตะถะธะต ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต.
ะจะฐะณ 3: ะัะพัะตัั ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะธ
ะขะตะฟะตัั ะดะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะตัะตะนะดะตะผ ะบ ัะฐะผะพะผั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฝะพะผั โ ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะต!
ะะฐะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ะณะพััะพะบ ะฟะพัะฒะพะน. ะะฐะฟะพะปะฝะธัะต ะณะพััะพะบ ะฝะฐ 2/3 ะฒัะฑัะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะฟะพัะฒะพะน.
ะะพัะฐะดะธัะต ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ. ะกะดะตะปะฐะนัะต ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ัะณะปัะฑะปะตะฝะธั (ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ 1-2 ัะผ) ะธ ะฐะบะบััะฐัะฝะพ ัะฐะทะผะตััะธัะต ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ. ะะฐะบัะพะนัะต ะธั ะฟะพัะฒะพะน ะธ ัะปะตะณะบะฐ ัะฟะปะพัะฝะธัะต.
ะะพะปะธะฒ. ะะพัะปะต ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะธ ะพะฑะธะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะปะตะนัะต ะฟะพัะฒั, ะฝะพ ัะปะตะดะธัะต, ััะพะฑั ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะทะฐะปะธัะฐ.
ะจะฐะณ 4: ะฃั ะพะด ะทะฐ ัะฐััะตะฝะธัะผะธ
ะะพัะปะต ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะดััะต ัะดะตะปะธัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ัั ะพะดั ะทะฐ ะฒะฐัะธะผะธ ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒััะผะธ. ะญัะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ััะฐะฟ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะฐะผ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒะพะต ะธ ะฟะปะพะดะพะฝะพัััะตะต ัะฐััะตะฝะธะต.
ะะพะปะธะฒ
ะะพะปะธะฒะฐะนัะต ะฒะฐัะธ ะดะตัะตะฒัั ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตััะตัะดััะฒัะนัะต. ะะพัะฒะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝะฐ ะฑััั ะฒะปะฐะถะฝะพะน, ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑะพะปะพัะตะฝะฝะพะน. ะัะพะฒะตััะนัะต ะฒะปะฐะถะฝะพััั, ะฒััะฐะฒะปัั ะฟะฐะปะตั ะฒ ะทะตะผะปั โ ะตัะปะธ ะพะฝะฐ ััั ะฐั ะฝะฐ ะณะปัะฑะธะฝะต 2-3 ัะผ, ะฟะพัะฐ ะฟะพะปะธัั.
ะัะฒะตัะตะฝะธะต
ะะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัั ะปัะฑัั ัะฒะตั. ะัะปะธ ั ะฒะฐั ะฝะตั ะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะปะฝะตัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฒะตัะฐ, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะธัะบััััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ LED-ะปะฐะผะฟั. ะะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะฐั ะดะปะธะฝะฐ ัะฒะตัะพะฒะพะณะพ ะดะฝั ะดะปั ััะธั ัะฐััะตะฝะธะน โ 12-16 ัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะฃะดะพะฑัะตะฝะธะต
ะะฐะถะดัะต 4-6 ะฝะตะดะตะปั ะฟะพะดะบะฐัะผะปะธะฒะฐะนัะต ะฒะฐัะธ ะดะตัะตะฒัั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ัะดะพะฑัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะดะปั ัััะบัะพะฒัั ัะฐััะตะฝะธะน. ะญัะพ ะดะฐัั ะธะผ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะต ะฟะธัะฐัะตะปัะฝัะต ะฒะตัะตััะฒะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะฐ.
ะจะฐะณ 5: ะะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะบะฐ ะบ ััะพะถะฐั
ะงะตัะตะท ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะผะตัััะตะฒ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟะพัะฐะดะบะธ ะฒั ะทะฐะผะตัะธัะต, ััะพ ะฒะฐัะธ ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัั ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐัั ัะฒะตััะธ. ะญัะพ ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะฝัะน ะผะพะผะตะฝั! ะะฐะบ ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฒะตัั ะพะฟะฐะดัั, ะฝะฐ ะธั ะผะตััะต ะฝะฐัะฝัั ะฟะพัะฒะปััััั ะผะฐะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฟะปะพะดั.
ะงัะพ ะดะตะปะฐัั ะดะฐะปััะต?
ะกะพะฑะปัะดะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะปะธะฒ. ะฃะฒะตะปะธัััะต ัะฐััะพัั ะฟะพะปะธะฒะฐ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะปะพะดะพะฒ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ัะฐััะตะฝะธัะผ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัั ะฒะปะฐะณั.
ะะถะธะดะฐะนัะต ัะพะทัะตะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะ ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะพั ัะพััะฐ, ะฟะปะพะดั ะผะพะณัั ัะพะทัะตะฒะฐัั ะพั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะผะตัััะตะฒ ะดะพ ะณะพะดะฐ. ะัะดััะต ัะตัะฟะตะปะธะฒั!
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั
ะะฐะบะพะต ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒะพ ะฒั ั ะพัะธัะต ะฒััะฐััะธัั? ะัะพะนะดะธัะต ะพะฟัะพั ะธ ะฒัะฑะตัะธัะต ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะฒะพัะธั!
ะะฟัะพั:
ะะฐะบะพะต ะดะตัะตะฒะพ ะฒั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธััะตัะต ะฟะพัะฐะดะธัั?
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ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
ะััะฐัะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะผะธะฝะธ-ะดะตัะตะฒัะตะฒ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพัะตัั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะปะฐะถะดะฐัััั ัะฒะตะถะธะผะธ ัััะบัะฐะผะธ ะฟััะผะพ ั ะฟะพะดะพะบะพะฝะฝะธะบะฐ. ะกะปะตะดัั ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะฟะพัะฐะณะพะฒะพะผั ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒั, ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะดะพะฑะธัััั ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะธ ะฟะพัะฐะดะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะธ ัะฒะพะธั ะฑะปะธะทะบะธั ะฒะบััะฝัะผะธ ะฟะปะพะดะฐะผะธ. ะะฐะบะพะต ะดะตัะตะฒะพ ััะฐะฝะตั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะฟะตัะฒัะผ ัะฐะณะพะผ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะทะตะปะตะฝะพะผ ะฟัะธะบะปััะตะฝะธะธ? ะะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะผััะปัะผะธ ะธ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั !
ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝะธะปะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝ: ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะธ ะฒะฐ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐัะธ
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
ะะทะฑะตะบะธััะพะฝะดะฐะณะธ ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพัะธะฝะธะฝะณ ัะฝะณ ัะฐะฝะธะปะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธะฝะธ ะบะฐัะฐั ััะธะฝะณ! ะญะฝะณ ัั ัะธ ัะปะพัะปะฐั, ััะปะตัะบะฐ, ะฑะปัะบะดะถะตะบ ะฒะฐ ะฑะพั?ะฐ ะฐะทะฐัั ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธ ?ะฐ?ะธะดะฐ ะฑะธะปะธะฑ, ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธััะปะฐัะธะฝะธ ะพัะธัะธั ัััะฝ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะฝะธ ะพะปะธะฝะณ. ะัะฝะณะธะป ะพัะธะฝะณ ะฒะฐ ะบัะฟ ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ?ะธะปะธะฝะณ!
Bet Andreas
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ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝะธะปะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝ: ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะธ ะฒะฐ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐัะธ
ะะณะฐั ัะธะท ะฐะทะฐัั ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธะฝะธ ัะตะฒัะฐะฝะณะธะท, ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพัะธ โ ัะธะท ัััะฝ ะฐะถะพะนะธะฑ ะถะพะน. ะั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐะดะฐ ะบะปะฐััะธะบ ะฒะฐ ะทะฐะผะพะฝะฐะฒะธะน ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะฝะธะฝะณ ะบะตะฝะณ ะฐััะพััะธะผะตะฝัะธ ะผะฐะฒะถัะด, ััะฝะธะฝะณ ัััะฝ ัะทะธะฝะณะธะทะณะฐ ะผะฐั?ัะป ะบะตะปะฐะดะธะณะฐะฝะธะฝะธ ัะพะฟะธัะธะฝะณะธะท ะผัะผะบะธะฝ. ะั ะผะฐ?ะพะปะฐะดะฐ ะฑะธะท ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐัะธะดะฐะณะธ 10 ัะฐะฝะธะปะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝะฝะธ ะบััะธะฑ ัะธ?ะฐะผะธะท ะฒะฐ ัะธะทะณะฐ ัะพะนะดะฐะปะธ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐั ัะฐะบะปะธั ััะฐะผะธะท. ะขะฐะนัั ะฑัะปะธะฝะณ โ ?ะธะทะธ?ะฐัะปะธ ะฑัะปะฐะดะธ!
ะกะปะพัะปะฐั: ะะถะตะบะฟะพัะฝะธ ะธะทะปะฐั
ะกะปะพัะปะฐั ?ะฐั ะดะพะธะผ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพะฝะธะฝะณ ะฐัะพัะธะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝัะปะฐัะธ ะฑัะปะธะฑ ะบะตะปะฐะดะธ, ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ?ะฐะผ ััะฝะดะฐะน. ะั ะตัะดะฐ ัั ะฑะฐัะฐะฑะฐะฝะปะธ ะบะปะฐััะธะบ ัะปะพัะปะฐัะดะฐะฝ ะฑะพัะปะฐะฑ, ะบัะฟ ัะฐ?ะธัะฐะปะธ ะทะฐะผะพะฝะฐะฒะธะน ะฒะธะดะตะพัะปะพัะปะฐัะณะฐัะฐ ัััะปะธ ะผะฐะฒะทัะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐะปะฐั ัะฐะบะปะธั ััะธะปะณะฐะฝ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะฎ?ะพัะธ RTP (ัะนะธะฝัะธะณะฐ ?ะฐะนัะฐัะธั) ะฑัะปะณะฐะฝ ัะปะพัะปะฐัะดะฐ ัะนะฝะฐะธะฝะณ. ะัะฟะธะฝัะฐ, ะฑัะฝะดะฐะน ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะฝะธะฝะณ RTP ะบัััะฐัะบะธัะธ 95%-ะดะฐะฝ ั?ะพัะธ.
ะ ัะปะตัะบะฐ: ะ?ัะธะผะพะปะปะธะบะปะฐั ัะนะธะฝะธ
ะ ัะปะตัะบะฐ โ ะบะปะฐััะธะบะฐ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ะตะฒัะพะฟะฐะปะธะบ ะฒะฐ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะปะธะบ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะปะฐัะธ ะผะฐะฒะถัะด. ะะฒัะพะฟะฐะปะธะบ ััะปะตัะบะฐะฝะธะฝะณ, ?ะฐ?ะธ?ะฐัะฐะฝ ?ะฐะผ, ัะนะธะฝัะธ ัััะฝ ะฐัะทะฐะปะปะธะบะปะฐัะธ ั?ะพัะธ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะะฐััะธะฝะณะตะนะป ัััะฐัะตะณะธััะธะฝะธ ?ัะปะปะฐะฝะณ. ะั?ะพัะธะปะณะฐะฝ ?ะพะปะดะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐัะฝะธ ะบัะฟะฐะนัะธัะธะฑ, ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ?ะธะปะณะฐะฝะดะฐ ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะป ััะฐะฒะบะฐะณะฐ ?ะฐะนัะธะฝะณ.
ะะปัะบะดะถะตะบ: ะะธะปะตั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ัะทะผะฐ-ัะท
ะะปัะบะดะถะตะบ โ ะฑั ัะฐ?ะฐั ััะทะดะฐ ัะผะฐั, ะฑะฐะปะบะธ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะดะฐ ?ะฐะผ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ัะธะท ะฑั ?ะธะทะธ?ะฐัะปะธ ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐ ัะนะธะฝะธะดะฐ ะผะฐ?ะพัะฐัะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฑ ะบััะธัะธะฝะณะธะท ะผัะผะบะธะฝ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะัะพัะธะน ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะฝะธ ััะณะฐะฝะธะฝะณ. ?ะฐัะพะฝ ััั ัะฐั, ?ะฐัะพะฝ ะบะฐััะฐ ะพะปะธั ะฒะฐ ?ะฐัะพะฝ ะธะบะบะธ ะฑะฐัะพะฑะฐั ะบัะฟะฐะนัะธัะธัะฝะธ ะฑะธะปะธั ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธะฝะธ ัะตะทะธะปะฐัะปะธ ะดะฐัะฐะถะฐะดะฐ ะพัะธัะฐะดะธ.
ะะพะบะตั: ะ?ะป ะฒะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธั
ะะพะบะตั โ ะฑั ัะฐ?ะฐั ััะทะดะฐ ัะผะฐั, ะฑะฐะปะบะธ ะฐ?ะป ัะนะธะฝะธ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ัะธะท ะดะธะปะตัะณะฐ ?ะฐััะธ ะฒะฐ ะฑะพั?ะฐ ัะนะธะฝัะธะปะฐัะณะฐ ?ะฐััะธ ัะนะฝะฐัะธะฝะณะธะท ะผัะผะบะธะฝ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะ ะฐ?ะธะฑะปะฐัะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ะบัะทะฐัะธะฝะณ. ะฃะปะฐัะฝะธะฝะณ ั ัะป?-ะฐัะฒะพัะธะฝะธ ะฒะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐัะธะฝะธ ะบััะธะฑ, ัะปะฐัะฝะธะฝะณ ะบะฐััะฐะปะฐัะธ ะฒะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะธะฝะธ ะฐะฝะธ?ะปะฐัะณะฐ ?ะฐัะฐะบะฐั ?ะธะปะธะฝะณ.
ะะฐะบะบะฐัะฐ: VIP-ัะนะธะฝัะธะปะฐัะณะฐ ะผัะปะถะฐะปะปะฐะฝะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝ
ะะฐะบะบะฐัะฐ ะบัะฟะธะฝัะฐ ั?ะพัะธ ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ัะปะธัะฐ ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ะฑะพ?ะปะธ?. ะะผะผะพ ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ัะธะท ะบัะฟ ะฟัะป ัะฐััะปะฐะผะฐัะดะฐะฝ ัะทะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฑ ะบััะธัะธะฝะณะธะท ะผัะผะบะธะฝ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะะฐะฝะบะธัะณะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ?ัะนะธะฝะณ. ะกัะฐัะธััะธะบะฐะณะฐ ะบััะฐ, ะฑั ัะฝะณ ัะฐะผะฐัะฐะปะธ ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั, ััะฝะบะธ ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ั?ัะธะผะพะปะธ ั?ะพัะธ.
ะะตะฝะพ: ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธััะธ ะฑัะปะณะฐะฝ ะปะพัะตัะตั
ะะตะฝะพ โ ะฑั ะฐะทะฐัั ะปะพัะตัะตััะธ. ะกะธะท ัะฐ?ะฐะผะปะฐัะฝะธ ัะฐะฝะปะฐะนัะธะท ะฒะฐ ัะปะฐัะฝะธะฝะณ ัะธ?ะธัะธะฝะธ ะบััะฐัะธะท.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะกะธะท ัะฐะฝะปะฐะณะฐะฝ ัะฐ?ะฐะผะปะฐั ัะพะฝะธะฝะธ ะพััะธะฑ ะบะตัะธัะธะดะฐะฝ ัะฐ?ะปะฐะฝะธะฝะณ. ะะท ัะพะฝะปะธ ัะฐ?ะฐะผะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ัะนะฝะฐั, ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธะฝะธ ะพัะธัะฐะดะธ.
ะกะธะบ ะะพ: ะัะฑะธะบะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ะฐะทะฐัั ัะนะธะฝะธ
ะกะธะบ ะะพ โ ะฑั ะบัะฑะธะบะปะฐัะฝะธ ะปะฐ?ะธัะธัะณะฐ ะฐัะพัะปะฐะฝะณะฐะฝ ััะทะดะฐ ัะนะธะฝ. ะฃ ัะพะดะดะฐ ?ะพะธะดะฐะปะฐัะธ ะฒะฐ ัะฝะณะธ ะฑะพัะปะฐะณะฐะฝะปะฐััััะฝ ะผัะปะถะฐะปะปะฐะฝะณะฐะฝ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะะฐัััะทะฐ ัะฐ?ะฐะผะปะฐัะณะฐ ัะผะฐั, ะฑะฐะปะบะธ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธัะปะฐัะณะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ?ัะนะธะฝะณ. ะั ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธะฝะธ ะพัะธัะฐะดะธ.
ะะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั: ะัะตะบัะต ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธั
ะะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั โ ะฑั ัะปะพัะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ะฟะพะบะตัะฝะธะฝะณ ัะน?ัะฝะปะธะณะธ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ?ะฐั ั ะธะป ะฒะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั ัััะปะฐัะธ ัะฐะบะปะธั ััะธะปะณะฐะฝ, ั ะตัะดะฐ ัะธะท ะบะฐััะฐ ะดะถะตะบะฟะพัะปะฐัะฝะธ ััะธะฑ ะพะปะธั ะธะผะบะพะฝะธะณะฐ ัะณะฐัะธะท.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะฎ?ะพัะธ RTP ะฑัะปะณะฐะฝ ะฒะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตัะดะฐ ัะนะฝะฐะธะฝะณ ะฒะฐ ?ะฐั ั ะธะป ัััะปะฐัะธ ัััะฝ ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะป ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะฝะธ ััะณะฐะฝะธะฝะณ.
ะขั?ัะธะดะฐะฝ-ัั?ัะธ ะดะธะปะตัะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐัะปะฐั: ะะธัััะฐะป ะพะปะฐะผะดะฐะณะธ ?ะฐ?ะธ?ะธะน ัะฐะถัะธะฑะฐ
ะขั?ัะธะดะฐะฝ-ัั?ัะธ ะดะธะปะตัะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ัะนะฝะฐั โ ะฑั ัะนะดะฐะฝ ัะธ?ะผะฐะน ัััะธะฑ ?ะฐ?ะธ?ะธะน ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะฐัะผะพััะตัะฐัะธะฝะธ ?ะธั ?ะธะปะธั. ะกะธะท ะดะธะปะตั ะฒะฐ ะฑะพั?ะฐ ัะนะธะฝัะธะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ?ะฐ?ะธ?ะธะน ะฒะฐ?ัะดะฐ ?ะฐะผะบะพัะปะธะบ ?ะธะปะฐัะธะท.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะะธะปะตัะฝะธะฝะณ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐัะธะณะฐ ัััะธะฑะพั ะฑะตัะธะฝะณ ะฒะฐ ัะฐะพะป ะธััะธัะพะบัะธ ะฑัะปะธะฝะณ. ะั ัะนะธะฝะณะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธั ัะปะตะผะตะฝัะธะฝะธ ?ััะฐะดะธ.
ะะปะฐััะธะบ ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐ ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธ: ะคะฐ?ะฐั ะฐะทะฐัั ัะผะฐั
ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐัะดะฐ ะขะตั ะฐั ะฅะพะปะดะตะผ ะฒะฐ ะะผะฐั ะฐ ะบะฐะฑะธ ะบะปะฐััะธะบ ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐ ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธ ?ะฐะผ ัะฐะบะปะธั ััะธะปะณะฐะฝ. ะั ัะนะธะฝะปะฐั ะฑะธะปะธะผ ะฒะฐ ะบัะฝะธะบะผะฐะปะฐัะฝะธ ัะฐะปะฐะฑ ััะฐะดะธ.
ะะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐั: ะขััะฝะธัะปะฐัะดะฐ ะธััะธัะพะบ ััะธะฝะณ, ะบัะฝะธะบะผะฐะปะฐัะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ัะธะฒะพะถะปะฐะฝัะธัะธะฝะณ ะฒะฐ ะบะฐััะฐ ะผัะบะพัะพัะปะฐั ััะธะฑ ะพะปะธั ะธะผะบะพะฝะธะฝะธ ะพะปะธะฝะณ.
ะฅัะปะพัะฐ: ะ?ะป ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ะฒะฐ ั ัััะฐะฝะดัะธะปะธะบ ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ัะนะฝะฐะธะฝะณ!
ะญะฝะดะธ ัะธะท ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝะธะปะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝ ?ะฐ?ะธะดะฐ ะฑะธะปะธะฑ ะพะปะณะฐะฝะธะฝะณะธะทะดะฐะฝ ะบะตะนะธะฝ, ัะธะทะณะฐ ?ะธะทะธ?ะฐัะปะธ ะฑัะปะฐะดะธะณะฐะฝ ัะนะธะฝะฝะธ ัะฐะฝะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ัะนะฝะฐั ะฒะฐ?ัะธ ะบะตะปะดะธ. ะะทะฐัั ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะดะฐ ัะฝะณ ะผั?ะธะผะธ โ ะปะฐะทะทะฐั ะพะปะธั. ะขะฐะบะปะธั ััะธะปะณะฐะฝ ะผะฐัะปะฐ?ะฐัะปะฐั ะฒะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะฝะธ ?ัะปะปะฐะฝะธะฑ, ?ะฐะปะฐะฑะฐ ะธะผะบะพะฝะธััะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ะพัะธัะธัะฝะธ ัะฝััะผะฐะฝะณ.
ะกะธะทะฝะธะฝะณ ัะตะฒะธะผะปะธ ัะนะธะฝะปะฐัะธะฝะณะธะท ?ะฐะฝะดะฐะน? ะคะธะบัะปะฐัะดะฐ ัะทะธะฝะณ, ะฒะฐ ัะธะท ะฑะธะปะฐะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะธะฝะณะธะทะฝะธ ะผั?ะพะบะฐะผะฐ ?ะธะปะฐะนะปะธะบ!
ะะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ัะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ: ะะพะณะดะฐ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั ะฟัะธ ะฑะพะปัั ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ?
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ: ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะธะทะฑะตะณะฐัั ัะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ ะฟัะธ ะฑะพะปัั ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ะธ ะบะพะณะดะฐ ััะพะธั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั. ะัะบัะพะนัะต ะดะปั ัะตะฑั, ะบะฐะบ ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ Scorpionix ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะฐัััั ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝะพะณะพ ะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะพะฑะปะตะณัะธัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั. ะะตัะตะณะธัะต ัะฒะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต!
ัะบะพัะฟะธะพะฝะธะบั
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ะะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ัะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ: ะะพะณะดะฐ ััะพะธั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั ะฟัะธ ะฑะพะปัั ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ?
ะัะธะฒะตัััะฒัั ะฒะฐั, ัะฒะฐะถะฐะตะผัะต ะดะฐัะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ะพะณะพัะพะดะฝะธะบะธ! ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ะทะฐััะพะฝะตะผ ะฒะฐะถะฝัั ัะตะผั, ะบะฐัะฐัััััั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ััััะฐะฒะพะฒ. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะธะท ะฝะฐั ััะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐัััั ั ะฑะพะปัะผะธ ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั , ะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒะพะต ะฒัะตะผั ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ัะตัะธัั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ. ะะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐััะพ ะฒั ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐะปะธัั, ััะพ ัะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน? ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ััะพะธั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั ะธ ะบะฐะบ ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ Scorpionix ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ัะฐัััั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝะพะณะพ ะปะตัะตะฝะธั.
ะะพัะตะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั?
1. ะัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะฐั ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ
ะะพะปะธ ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะผ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน โ ะพั ะฐัััะธัะฐ ะดะพ ะฟะพะดะฐะณัั ะธ ะพััะตะพะฐัััะธัะฐ. ะะพะฟััะบะธ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะธัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะฑะพะปะธ ะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ะฝะตะฒะตัะฝัะผ ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐะผ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะพััะตะพะฐัััะธั ะทะฐ ะพะฑััะฝะพะต ัััะฐะปะพััะฝะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต, ะฐ ััะพ ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั. ะะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐัั, ััะพ ะปะธัั ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธัั ัะฟะพัะพะฑะตะฝ ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะต ะพะฑัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ัะพัะฝัะน ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพะท.
2. ะ ะธัะบะธ ะฝะตะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะปะตัะตะฝะธั
ะัะตะดััะฐะฒััะต ัะตะฑะต, ััะพ ะฒั ัะตัะธะปะธ ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะธ ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะผะพัะธ ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝะพะณะพ ัะตัะตะฟัะฐ ะธะปะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐั ะธััะธะฝะฝะพะน ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะฒะฐัะตะน ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั. ะะตะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะพัั, ะฝะพ ะธ ัััะณัะฑะธัั ัะธััะฐัะธั. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะผะพะณัั ะฒัะทัะฒะฐัั ะฐะปะปะตัะณะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะตะฐะบัะธะธ ะธะปะธ ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะดััะณะธะต ัะธััะตะผั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ.
3. ะกะฒะพะตะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะต ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ
ะงะตะผ ัะฐะฝััะต ะฒั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะตัั ะบ ะฒัะฐัั, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปััะต ัะฐะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ััะฟะตัะฝะพะต ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะะตะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธั ััััะฐะฒะพะฒ ััะตะฑััั ะฝะตะผะตะดะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะผะตัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ะธะฝะฐัะต ะผะพะณัั ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝััั ัะตััะตะทะฝัะต ะพัะปะพะถะฝะตะฝะธั. ะ ะฟัะธะผะตัั, ะตัะปะธ ั ะฒะฐั ะพััะตะพะฐัััะธั, ัะฐะฝะฝัั ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ ะธ ะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะผะพะณัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะฒะฐัะตะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธ ะทะฐะผะตะดะปะธัั ะฟัะพะณัะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะธ.
ะะฐะบ ะฟะพะฝััั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะธะดัะธ ะบ ะฒัะฐัั?
ะััั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ัะธะณะฝะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฟะพัะฐ ะทะฐะฟะธัะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผ ะบ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั:
ะัะพะดะพะปะถะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฑะพะปั: ะัะปะธ ะฑะพะปั ะฝะต ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธั ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะดะฝะตะน, ััะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะฑะตัะฟะพะบะพะนััะฒะฐ.
ะัะตะบ ะธ ะฟะพะบัะฐัะฝะตะฝะธะต: ะัะปะธ ััััะฐะฒั ะฒัะณะปัะดัั ะพะฟัั ัะธะผะธ ะธะปะธ ะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะตะฝะฝัะผะธ, ะฝะต ััะพะธั ะถะดะฐัั โ ะปัััะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะพะน ะฟะพะผะพััั.
ะกะบะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพััั: ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะทะฐะผะตัะฐะตัะต, ััะพ ััััะฐะฒั ััะฐะปะธ ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฟะพะดะฒะธะถะฝัะผะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะผ ัะธะณะฝะฐะปะพะผ.
ะะธั ะพัะฐะดะบะฐ: ะะพะฒััะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะตะผะฟะตัะฐัััะฐ ะฒ ัะพัะตัะฐะฝะธะธ ั ะฑะพะปัะผะธ ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั โ ััะพ ัะตััะตะทะฝัะน ะฟะพะฒะพะด ะดะปั ะฒะธะทะธัะฐ ะบ ะฒัะฐัั.
ะะฐะบ ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ Scorpionix ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั?
ะฅะพัั ัะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน, ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ Scorpionix ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะพัะปะธัะฝัะผ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ะบ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะปะตัะตะฝะธั, ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะฒัะฐัะพะผ. ะญัะพั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ ะพะฑะปะฐะดะฐะตั ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปัะณะตะทะธััััะธะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะธะดะตะฐะปัะฝัะผ ััะตะดััะฒะพะผ ะดะปั ะพะฑะปะตะณัะตะฝะธั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะฒ. ะะฐะบ ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั?
ะะฑะปะตะณัะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะธ: ะะฐะฝะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะฝะธะทะธัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ะฑะพะปะตะฒัั ะพัััะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะต, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ะฒะฐะผ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒััะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั.
ะฃะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดะฒะธะถะฝะพััะธ: ะ ะตะณัะปััะฝะพะต ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะผะพะถะตั ัะปัััะธัั ะณะธะฑะบะพััั ััััะฐะฒะพะฒ, ััะพ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะดะปั ะดะฐัะฝะธะบะพะฒ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธั ะฒ ะพะณะพัะพะดะต.
ะะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพััะฐะฒ: ะะฐะปัะทะฐะผ ัะพััะพะธั ะธะท ัะบัััะฐะบัะพะฒ ัะฐััะตะฝะธะน, ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐะตั ะตะณะพ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัะผ ะดะปั ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะฐ ะปัะดะตะน. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะฝะธัั, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะทะฐะผะตะฝัะตั ะฒัะฐัะตะฑะฝัั ะฟะพะผะพัั!
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั: ะฒะฐัะต ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ!
ะ ะบะฐะบ ะฒั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตัะตัั ั ะฑะพะปัะผะธ ะฒ ััััะฐะฒะฐั ? ะัะพะฑะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะปะธ ะฒั ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผั ะธะปะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ? ะะพะดะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั ! ะะฐัะธ ัะพะฒะตัั ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝั ะดััะณะธะผ ัะธัะฐัะตะปัะผ.
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
ะกะฐะผะพะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะฟะฐัะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ัะตััะตะทะฝัะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะฒัะฐัั โ ััะพ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะผั ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพะผั ะปะตัะตะฝะธั. ะ ะฑะฐะปัะทะฐะผ Scorpionix ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝัะผ ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ, ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐั ะพะฑะปะตะณัะธัั ะฑะพะปั ะธ ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะฟะพะดะฒะธะถะฝะพััั. ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต ัะปะตะดะธัั ะทะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะตะผ ะธ ะฝะต ััะตัะฝัะนัะตัั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะบ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะฐะผ!
ะัะดััะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒั ะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝั!
7 simple secrets to eating the Mediterranean way
kraken ะดะฐัะบะฝะตั
What if โdietโ wasnโt a dirty word?
During Suzy Karadshehโs childhood in Port Said, Egypt, diet culture was nonexistent.
โMy parents emphasized joy at the table, rather than anything else,โ Karadsheh said. โI grew up with Mediterranean lifestyle principles that celebrate eating with the seasons, eating mostly whole foods and above all else, sharing.โ
But when Karadsheh moved to the United States at age 16, she witnessed people doing detoxes or restricting certain food groups or ingredients. Surrounded by that narrative and an abundance of new foods in her college dining hall, she says she โgained the freshman 31 instead of the freshman 15.โ When she returned home to Egypt that summer, โI eased back into eating the Mediterranean food that I grew up with. During the span of about two months, I shed all of that weight without thinking I was ever on a diet.โ
To help invite joy back to the table for others โ and to keep her familyโs culinary heritage alive for her two daughters (now 14 and 22) โ Atlanta-based Karadsheh launched The Mediterranean Dish food blog 10 years ago. Quickly, her table started getting filled with more than just her friends and family.
โI started receiving emails from folks whose doctors had prescribed the Mediterranean diet and were seeking approachable recipes,โ Karadsheh said. The plant-based eating lifestyle, often rated the worldโs best diet, can reduce the risk for diabetes, high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss and depression, according to research. Whatโs more, the meal plan has been linked to stronger bones, a healthier heart and longer life.
Preparing meals the Mediterranean way, according to Karadsheh, can help you โeat well and live joyfully. To us, โdietโ doesnโt mean a list of โeat thisโ and โdonโt eat that.โโ Instead of omission, Karadsheh focuses on abundance, asking herself, โwhat can I add to my life through this way of living? More whole foods, vegetables, grains, legumes? Naturally, when you add these good-for-you ingredients, you eat less of whatโs not as health-promoting,โ she told CNN.
Automatic takeoffs are coming for passenger jets and theyโre going to redraw the map of the sky
kra8 cc
In late 1965, at whatโs now London Heathrow airport, a commercial flight coming from Paris made history by being the first to land automatically.
The plane โ A Trident 1C operated by BEA, which would later become British Airways โ was equipped with a newly developed extension of the autopilot (a system to help guide the planeโs path without manual control) known as โautoland.โ
Today, automatic landing systems are installed on most commercial aircraft and improve the safety of landings in difficult weather or poor visibility.
Now, nearly 60 years later, the worldโs third largest aircraft manufacturer, Brazilโs Embraer, is introducing a similar technology, but for takeoffs.
Called โE2 Enhanced Take Off System,โ after the family of aircraft itโs designed for, the technology would not only improve safety by reducing pilot workload, but it would also improve range and takeoff weight, allowing the planes that use it to travel farther, according to Embraer.
โThe system is better than the pilots,โ says Patrice London, principal performance engineer at Embraer, who has worked on the project for over a decade. โThatโs because it performs in the same way all the time. If you do 1,000 takeoffs, you will get 1,000 of exactly the same takeoff.โ
Embraer, London adds, has already started flight testing, with the aim to get it approved by aviation authorities in 2025, before introducing it from select airports.
ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝัะผะฐะป ะพะนัะฝ: ะะต?ัั ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัั ะผะตะฝ ะบะต?ะตััะตัั
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
?ะฐะทะฐ?ััะฐะฝะดะฐ?ั ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝั? ะต? ัะฐะฝัะผะฐะป ะพะนัะฝะดะฐััะฝ Discover! ะ? ะถะฐ?ัั ัะปะพััะฐั, ััะปะตัะบะฐ, ะฑะปัะบะดะถะตะบ ะถ?ะฝะต ะฑะฐั?ะฐ ะดะฐ ะฐะทะฐัั ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัั ัััะฐะปั ะฑัะปัะฟ, ะถะต?ัั ั?ัะธะผะฐะปะดั?ัะฝ ะฐัััััั ?ััะฝ ะบะต?ะตััะตั ะผะตะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะดั ะฐะปั?ัะท. ะ??ัะป ะบ?ัะตััะฟ, ะบ?ะฟ ะถะต?ั?ัะท!
ะฑะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั
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ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝัะผะฐะป ะพะนัะฝ: ะะต?ัั ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัั ะผะตะฝ ะบะต?ะตััะตัั
ะะณะตั ััะท ะฐะทะฐัััั? ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัะดั ั?ะนะตััะฝ ะฑะพะปัะฐ?ัะท, ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพัั โ ััะท ?ััะฝ ัะฐะผะฐัะฐ ะพััะฝ. ะ?ะป ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐะดะฐ ะบะปะฐััะธะบะฐะปั? ะถ?ะฝะต ะทะฐะผะฐะฝะฐัะธ ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัะดั? ะฐะปัะฐะฝ ั?ัั ะฑะฐั, ัะพะฝะดั?ัะฐะฝ ?ะทั?ัะทะณะต ?ะฝะฐะนััะฝ ะฑัั ะฝ?ััะตะฝั ัะฐะฑะฐ ะฐะปะฐััะท. ะ?ะป ะผะฐ?ะฐะปะฐะดะฐ ะฑัะท ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝัะผะฐะป ะพะนัะฝะดั ?ะฐัะฐััััะฐะผัะท ะถ?ะฝะต ััะทะณะต ะฟะฐะนะดะฐะปั ะบะต?ะตััะตั ะผะตะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐั ?ััะฝะฐะผัะท. ะะฐะนัะฝ ะฑะพะปั?ัะท โ ?ัะทั?ัั ะฑะพะปะผะฐ?!
ะกะปะพััะฐั: ะะถะตะบะฟะพััั ัะทะดะตั
ะกะปะพััะฐั ?ั?ะฐัะฐะฝ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพะฝั? ะฝะตะณัะทะณั ัะปะตะผะตะฝัั ะฑะพะปัะฟ ัะฐะฑัะปะฐะดั, ะฐะป ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ัะฐ ะตัะตะบัะตะปัะบ ะตะผะตั. ะ?ะฝะดะฐ ?ั ะฑะฐัะฐะฑะฐะฝะดั ะบะปะฐััะธะบะฐะปั? ัะปะพััะฐัะดะฐะฝ ะฑะฐััะฐะฟ, ะบ?ะฟ ััะทั?ัั ะทะฐะผะฐะฝะฐัะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพัะปะพััะฐั?ะฐ ะดะตะนัะฝ ?ั ั?ัะปั ัะฐ?ัััะฟัะฐั ะผะตะฝ ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะบะฐะปะฐั ?ััะฝัะป?ะฐะฝ.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะพ?ะฐัั RTP (ะพะนัะฝัั?ะฐ ?ะฐะนัะฐัั) ะฑะฐั ัะปะพััะฐัะดะฐ ะพะนะฝะฐ?ัะท. ะ?ะฑัะฝะตัะต, ะผ?ะฝะดะฐะน ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัะดั? RTP ะบ?ััะตัะบััั 95%-ะดะฐะฝ ะถะพ?ะฐัั.
ะ ัะปะตัะบะฐ: ะซ?ัะธะผะฐะปะดั?ัะฐั ะพะนัะฝั
ะ ัะปะตัะบะฐ โ ะบะปะฐััะธะบะฐ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ะดะฐ ะตััะพะฟะฐะปั? ะถ?ะฝะต ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝะดั? ะฝ?ั?ะฐะปะฐัั ะฑะฐั. ะััะพะฟะฐะปั? ััะปะตัะบะฐะฝั?, ััะฝ ะผ?ะฝัะฝะดะต, ะพะนัะฝัั ?ััะฝ ะฐััั?ััะปั?ัะฐัั ะถะพ?ะฐัั.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะฐััะธะฝะณะตะนะป ัััะฐัะตะณะธัััะฝ ?ะพะปะดะฐะฝั?ัะท. ะะต?ัะปะณะตะฝ ะถะฐ?ะดะฐะนะดะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐัะดั ะบ?ะฑะตะนััะฟ, ะถะต?ะณะตะฝะดะต ะผะธะฝะธะผะฐะปะดั ััะฐะฒะบะฐ?ะฐ ะพัะฐะปั?ัะท.
ะะปัะบะดะถะตะบ: ะะธะปะตัะผะตะฝ ะฑะตัะฟะต-ะฑะตั
ะะปัะบะดะถะตะบ โ ะฑ?ะป ัะตะบ ั?ัััะปัะบ ะตะผะตั, ัะพะฝัะผะตะฝ ?ะฐัะฐั ัััะฐัะตะณะธั. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ัะฐ ััะท ะพัั ?ัะทั?ัั ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐะปั? ะพะนัะฝะดะฐ ัะตะฑะตัะปัะณั?ัะทะดั ััะฝะฐะน ะฐะปะฐััะท.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะตะณัะทะณั ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะฝั ?ะนัะตะฝั?ัะท. ?ะฐัะฐะฝ ั?ัั, ?ะฐัะฐะฝ ะบะฐััะฐ ะฐะปั ะถ?ะฝะต ?ะฐัะฐะฝ ะตะบั ะตัะต ะบ?ะฑะตะนัั ะบะตัะตะบััะณัะฝ ะฑัะปั ะถะต?ัั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณัะฝ ะฐะนัะฐัะปั?ัะฐะน ะฐัััััะฐะดั.
ะะพะบะตั: ะ?ัะป ะผะตะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธั
ะะพะบะตั โ ะฑ?ะป ัะตะบ ั?ัััะปัะบ ะพะนัะฝั ะตะผะตั, ะฑ?ะป ะฐ?ัะป ะพะนัะฝ. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ัะฐ ััะท ะดะธะปะตัะณะต ?ะฐััั ะถ?ะฝะต ะฑะฐั?ะฐ ะพะนัะฝััะปะฐั?ะฐ ?ะฐััั ะพะนะฝะฐั?ะฐ ะฑะพะปะฐะดั.
ะะต?ะตั: ะกะพะฟะตัะฝะธะบัะตัั?ัะทะดั ะฑะฐ?ัะปะฐ?ัะท. ะะปะฐัะดั? ะผัะฝะตะท-??ะป?ัะฝ ะถ?ะฝะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐััะฝ ?ะฐัะฐะฟ, ะพะปะฐัะดั? ะบะฐััะฐะปะฐัั ะผะตะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐััะฝ ะฐะฝั?ัะฐั?ะฐ ัััััั?ัะท.
ะะฐะบะบะฐัะฐ: VIP-ะพะนัะฝััะปะฐั?ะฐ ะฐัะฝะฐะป?ะฐะฝ ะพะนัะฝ
ะะฐะบะบะฐัะฐ ะถะธั ะถะพ?ะฐัั ััะฐะฒะบะฐะปะฐัะผะตะฝ ะถ?ะฝะต ัะปะธัะฐะผะตะฝ ะฑะฐะนะปะฐะฝัััั. ะััะฐ? ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ัะฐ ััะท ะบ?ะฟ ะฐ?ัะฐ ะถ?ะผัะฐะผะฐะน-ะฐ? ?ะทั?ัะทะดั ััะฝะฐะน ะฐะปะฐััะท.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะฐะฝะบะธัะณะต ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะถะฐัะฐ?ัะท. ะกัะฐัะธััะธะบะฐ ะฑะพะนัะฝัะฐ, ะฑ?ะป ะต? ัะธัะผะดั ะฝ?ั?ะฐ, ัะตะฑะตะฑั ะถะต?ัั ั?ัะธะผะฐะปะดั?ั ะถะพ?ะฐัั.
ะะตะฝะพ: ะะต?ัั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณั ะฑะฐั ะปะพัะตัะตั
ะะตะฝะพ โ ะฑ?ะป ะฐะทะฐัั ะปะพัะตัะตััั. ะกัะท ัะฐะฝะดะฐัะดั ัะฐ?ะดะฐะฟ, ะพะปะฐัะดั? ัั?ััะฝ ะบ?ัะตััะท.
ะะต?ะตั: ะกัะท ัะฐ?ะดะฐ?ะฐะฝ ัะฐะฝะดะฐัะดั? ัะฐะฝัะฝ ััะผ ะบ?ะฑะตะนัะฟะต?ัะท. ะะท ัะฐ?ะดะฐะป?ะฐะฝ ะฝ?ะผััะปะตัะผะตะฝ ะพะนะฝะฐั, ะถะต?ัั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณัะฝ ะฐัััััะฐะดั.
ะกะธะบ ะะพ: ะัะฑะธะบัะตัะผะตะฝ ะฐะทะฐัั ะพะนัะฝั
ะกะธะบ ะะพ โ ะฑ?ะป ะบัะฑะธะบัะตัะดั ะปะฐ?ัััั?ะฐ ะฝะตะณัะทะดะตะปะณะตะฝ ั?ัััะปัะบ ะพะนัะฝั. ะะป ?ะฐัะฐะฟะฐะนัะผ ะตัะตะถะตะปะตััะผะตะฝ ะถ?ะฝะต ะถะฐ?ะฐะดะฐะฝ ะฑะฐััะฐัััะปะฐั?ะฐ ะฐัะฝะฐะป?ะฐะฝ.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะฐ?ัั ัะฐะฝะดะฐั?ะฐ ะตะผะตั, ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธัะปะฐั?ะฐ ััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะถะฐัะฐ?ัะท. ะ?ะป ะถะต?ัั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณัะฝ ะฐัััััะฐะดั.
ะะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั: ะัะตะบัะต ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธั
ะะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั โ ะฑ?ะป ัะปะพััะฐั ะผะตะฝ ะฟะพะบะตัะดั? ?ะนะปะตััะผั. ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ัะฐ ?ัั?ัะปั ะฒะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตั ั?ัะปะตัั ?ััะฝัะป?ะฐะฝ, ะพะฝะดะฐ ััะท ?ะปะบะตะฝ ะดะถะตะบะฟะพััะฐั ?ััะฟ ะฐะปั?ะฐ ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะบ ะฐะปะฐััะท.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะพ?ะฐัั RTP ะฑะฐั ะฒะธะดะตะพะฟะพะบะตัะดะต ะพะนะฝะฐ?ัะท ะถ?ะฝะต ?ัั?ัะปั ั?ัะปะตัั ?ััะฝ ะพ?ัะฐะนะปั ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะดั ?ะนัะตะฝั?ัะท.
ะขัะบะตะปะตะน ะดะธะปะตัะปะตัะผะตะฝ ะพะนัะฝ ะฐะฒัะพะผะฐััะฐัั: ะะธัััะฐะปะดั ?ะปะตะผะดะตะณั ััะฝะฐะนั ั?ะถััะธะฑะต
ะขัะบะตะปะตะน ะดะธะปะตัะปะตัะผะตะฝ ะพะนะฝะฐั โ ะฑ?ะป ?ะนะดะตะฝ ัั?ะฟะฐะน-ะฐ? ะฝะฐ?ัะท ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ ะฐัะผะพััะตัะฐััะฝะฐ ะตะฝั. ะกัะท ะดะธะปะตัะผะตะฝ ะถ?ะฝะต ะฑะฐั?ะฐ ะพะนัะฝััะปะฐัะผะตะฝ ะฝะฐ?ัั ัะฐ?ัั ัะตะถะธะผัะฝะดะต ?ะทะฐัะฐ ?ัะตะบะตััะตัะตััะท.
ะะต?ะตั: ะะธะปะตัะดั? ะบะต?ะตััะตััะฝะต ะฝะฐะทะฐั ะฐัะดะฐัั?ัะท ะถ?ะฝะต ะฑะตะปัะตะฝะดั ?ะฐัััััั ะฑะพะปั?ัะท. ะ?ะป ะพะนัะฝ?ะฐ ัััะฐัะตะณะธั ัะปะตะผะตะฝััะฝ ?ะพัะฐะดั.
ะะปะฐััะธะบะฐะปั? ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐะปั? ะพะนัะฝะดะฐั: ะขะตะบ ะฐะทะฐัั ะตะผะตั
ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั-ัะฐ ะขะตั ะฐั ะฅะพะปะดะตะผ ะถ?ะฝะต ะะผะฐั ะฐ ัะธั?ัั ะบะปะฐััะธะบะฐะปั? ะบะฐััะพัะบะฐะปั? ะพะนัะฝะดะฐั ะดะฐ ?ััะฝัะป?ะฐะฝ. ะ?ะป ะพะนัะฝะดะฐั ะฑัะปัะผ ะผะตะฝ ะดะฐ?ะดัะปะฐัะดั ัะฐะปะฐะฟ ะตัะตะดั.
ะะต?ะตั: ะขััะฝะธัะปะตัะณะต ?ะฐัััั?ัะท, ะดะฐ?ะดัะปะฐัั?ัะทะดั ะถะตััะปะดัััะฟ, ััั ะถ?ะปะดะตะปะตั ?ััะฟ ะฐะปั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณัะฝ ะฐะปั?ัะท.
?ะพััััะฝะดั: ะ?ัะปะผะตะฝ ะถ?ะฝะต ?ัะฐะฝััะฟะตะฝ ะพะนะฝะฐ?ัะท!
ะะฝะดั ััะท ะะตัะฐะฝะดัะตะฐั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพััะฝะดะฐ?ั 10 ัะฐะฝัะผะฐะป ะพะนัะฝ ัััะฐะปั ะฑัะปะณะตะฝั?ัะทะดะตะฝ ะบะตะนัะฝ, ััะทะณะต ?ัะทั?ัั ะฑะพะปะฐััะฝ ะพะนัะฝ ั?ััะฝ ัะฐ?ะดะฐะฟ, ะพะนะฝะฐั?ะฐ ะบััััั ัะฐ?ััั ะบะตะปะดั. ะะทะฐัััั? ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัะดะฐ ะต? ะผะฐ?ัะทะดััั โ ะป?ะทะทะฐั ะฐะปั. ?ััะฝัะป?ะฐะฝ ะบะต?ะตััะตั ะผะตะฝ ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัะดั ?ะพะปะดะฐะฝัะฟ, ะถะต?ัั ะผ?ะผะบัะฝะดัะณัะฝ ะฐััััััะดั ?ะผััะฟะฐ?ัะท.
ะกัะทะดั? ั?ะนัะบัั ะพะนัะฝะดะฐัั?ัะท ?ะฐะฝะดะฐะน? ะัะบััะปะตัะดะต ะถะฐะทั?ัะท, ะถ?ะฝะต ััะทะดั? ัััะฐัะตะณะธัะปะฐัั?ัะทะดั ัะฐะป?ัะปะฐะนั?!
“ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธั ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธะธ: ะะฐะบ ัััะตัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต?”
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
“ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะธ ัััะตัั ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐัั ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต. ะัะบัะพะนัะต ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ัะพะฒะตัั ะฟะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัััะตััะพะผ ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะตัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ัะตัะดัะฐ!”
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ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธั ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธะธ: ะะฐะบ ัััะตัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต?
ะั ะฒัะต ะทะฝะฐะตะผ, ััะพ ัััะตัั โ ััะพ ัะฐััั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะฟะพะฒัะตะดะฝะตะฒะฝะพะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะะพ ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐะปะธัั ะปะธ ะฒั, ะบะฐะบ ัะธะปัะฝะพ ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต? ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผ, ะบะฐะบ ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะธ ะฟัะธั ะพัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพะฝ ะผะพะณัั ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะขะฐะบะถะต ะพะฑััะดะธะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะพัะฝะพะฒะต, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั, ะผะพะณัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒ ััะพะน ะฑะพััะฑะต.
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธั?
ะัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ, ะดะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟัะพััะฝะธะผ, ััะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธั. ะะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธั, ะธะปะธ ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต, โ ััะพ ั ัะพะฝะธัะตัะบะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต, ะฟัะธ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะบัะพะฒะธ ะฒ ะฐััะตัะธัั ะพััะฐะตััั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ะฒััะพะบะธะผ. ะะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะัะตะผะธัะฝะพะน ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะทะดัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธั, ะพะบะพะปะพ 1,5 ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฐ ะปัะดะตะน ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะผะธัั ัััะฐะดะฐัั ะพั ััะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะธััั: ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ัะตััะตะทะฝัะผ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัะผ โ ะพั ะธะฝััะปััะฐ ะดะพ ัะตัะดะตัะฝะพ-ัะพััะดะธัััั ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน.
ะะฐะบ ัััะตัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต?
ะั ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ะฝะธะฑัะดั ะทะฐะผะตัะฐะปะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฒะฐัะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดัะบะฐะบะธะฒะฐะตั ะฒ ัััะตััะพะฒัั ัะธััะฐัะธัั ? ะญัะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะฐะบ. ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฒั ััะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐะตัะตัั ั ัะณัะพะทะพะน, ะฒะฐั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผ ัะตะฐะณะธััะตั, ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะดัะตะฒะฝะธะต ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฐ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝั ัะฑะตะณะฐัั ะพั ั ะธัะฝะธะบะพะฒ. ะญัะพั “ะฑะพััะฑะฐ ะธะปะธ ะฑะตะณััะฒะพ” ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ะบ ะฒัะฑัะพัั ะฐะดัะตะฝะฐะปะธะฝะฐ, ััะพ ะฒ ัะฒะพั ะพัะตัะตะดั ัะฒะตะปะธัะธะฒะฐะตั ัะตัะดะตัะฝัะน ัะธัะผ ะธ ััะถะฐะตั ัะพััะดั, ะฟะพะฒััะฐั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต.
ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั
ะกะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ, ัััะตัั ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะพะน ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะ ะพะดะฝะพะผ ะธะท ะบััะฟะฝัั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะฟัะพะฒะตะดะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฒ 2020 ะณะพะดั, ะฑัะปะพ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ั ะปัะดะตะน, ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะถะตะฝะฝัั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพะผั ัััะตััั, ะฒะตัะพััะฝะพััั ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธั ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธะธ ะฒะพะทัะฐััะฐะตั ะฝะฐ 40%. ะญัะพ ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝะพ ะฒะตัะพะผะฐั ัะธััะฐ, ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะปะธ?
ะัะธั ะพัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพะฝ ะธ ะตะณะพ ัะพะปั
ะัะธั ะพัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพะฝ โ ััะพ ะฝะฐัะต ะพะฑัะตะต ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะตััั ะธะท ัััะตััะพะฒัั ัะธััะฐัะธะน, ััะตะฒะพะณ ะธ ะฝะฐะฟััะถะตะฝะธะน. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัะต ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะต, ัะตะผะตะนะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ัััะดะฝะพััะธ ะผะพะณัั ัะธะปัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะณััะถะฐัั ะฒะฐัั ะฟัะธั ะธะบั. ะ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต, ะฒะฐัะต ัะตัะดัะต ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ััะธะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ัะตะถะธะผะต, ะธ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะดะฝะธะผะฐะตััั.
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ ัััะตััะฐ
ะะฐะบ ะฟะพะฝััั, ััะพ ัััะตัั ะฒะปะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต? ะะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะปะตะดัััะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะธ:
ะะพััะพัะฝะฝะฐั ัััะฐะปะพััั
ะะพะปะพะฒะฝัะต ะฑะพะปะธ
ะัะพะฑะปะตะผั ัะพ ัะฝะพะผ
ะ ะฐะทะดัะฐะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพััั
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะทะฐะผะตัะธะปะธ ั ัะตะฑั ั ะพัั ะฑั ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ััะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะพะฒ, ััะพะธั ะทะฐะดัะผะฐัััั ะพ ัะพะผ, ะบะฐะบ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััััั ัะพ ัััะตััะพะผ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธัะผะธ ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.
ะะฐะบ ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั?
ะขะตะฟะตัั ะดะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะณะพะฒะพัะธะผ ะพ ัะพะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ัะฒะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต. ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั โ ััะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพะดัะบั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะบะพะฝััะพะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะะฝ ัะพะดะตัะถะธั ัะบัััะฐะบัั ััะฐะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะทะฒะตััะฝั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ัะฐััะปะฐะฑะปัััะธะผะธ ะธ ััะฟะพะบะฐะธะฒะฐััะธะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั
ะกะฝะธะถะตะฝะธะต ัััะตััะฐ: ะะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒััั ัะฐััะปะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะฝะธะทะธัั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต.
ะฃะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะบัะพะฒะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธั: ะัะตะฟะฐัะฐั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ัะตัะดะตัะฝะพ-ัะพััะดะธััะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะธ ัะปัััะฐะตั ัะธัะบัะปััะธั ะบัะพะฒะธ.
ะะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั: ะญัะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะน ัะฐะบัะพั ะดะปั ัะตั , ะบัะพ ั ะพัะตั ะธะทะฑะตะณะฐัั ั ะธะผะธัะตัะบะธั ะฒะตัะตััะฒ.
ะะฐะบ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััััั ัะพ ัััะตััะพะผ?
ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต, ััะพ ะฟัะตะพะดะพะปะตะฝะธะต ัััะตััะฐ โ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ. ะะพั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะพะฒะตัะพะฒ:
ะคะธะทะธัะตัะบะฐั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั: ะะฐะถะต 30 ะผะธะฝัั ะฟัะพะณัะปะบะธ ะฒ ะดะตะฝั ะผะพะณัั ัััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัะฝะธะทะธัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัััะตััะฐ.
ะขะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ัะตะปะฐะบัะฐัะธะธ: ะะตะดะธัะฐัะธั ะธ ะนะพะณะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ััะฟะพะบะพะธัั ัะฐะทัะผ.
ะกะพะฝ: ะะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะพะฝ โ ะฒะฐะถะฝะฐั ัะพััะฐะฒะปัััะฐั ะดะปั ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธั ัััะตััะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั: ะฒะฐั ะพะฟัั
ะ ะบะฐะบ ะฒั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตัะตัั ัะพ ัััะตััะพะผ? ะััั ะปะธ ั ะฒะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัะต ะผะตัะพะดั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะด ะบะพะฝััะพะปะตะผ? ะะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั !
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต: ะทะฐะฑะพัััะตัั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต
ะกััะตัั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตะฟัะธััะฝะพะต ะพัััะตะฝะธะต. ะะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ัะตััะตะทะฝะพ ะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฐััะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต. ะะพะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธะธ ะณะธะฟะตััะพะฝะธะธ ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะฒ ะตะต ะบะพะฝััะพะปั โ ััะพ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะบ ะทะดะพัะพะฒะพะน ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ะะฐัะดะธัะตะฝั, ะธ ะฝะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต ะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพััะธ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัััะตััะพะผ. ะะฐะฑะพัััะตัั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต, ะธ ะพะฝะพ ะพัะฟะปะฐัะธั ะฒะฐะผ ะดะพะปะณะธะผะธ ะณะพะดะฐะผะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั!
Automatic takeoffs are coming for passenger jets and theyโre going to redraw the map of the sky
kra10 cc
In late 1965, at whatโs now London Heathrow airport, a commercial flight coming from Paris made history by being the first to land automatically.
The plane โ A Trident 1C operated by BEA, which would later become British Airways โ was equipped with a newly developed extension of the autopilot (a system to help guide the planeโs path without manual control) known as โautoland.โ
Today, automatic landing systems are installed on most commercial aircraft and improve the safety of landings in difficult weather or poor visibility.
Now, nearly 60 years later, the worldโs third largest aircraft manufacturer, Brazilโs Embraer, is introducing a similar technology, but for takeoffs.
Called โE2 Enhanced Take Off System,โ after the family of aircraft itโs designed for, the technology would not only improve safety by reducing pilot workload, but it would also improve range and takeoff weight, allowing the planes that use it to travel farther, according to Embraer.
โThe system is better than the pilots,โ says Patrice London, principal performance engineer at Embraer, who has worked on the project for over a decade. โThatโs because it performs in the same way all the time. If you do 1,000 takeoffs, you will get 1,000 of exactly the same takeoff.โ
Embraer, London adds, has already started flight testing, with the aim to get it approved by aviation authorities in 2025, before introducing it from select airports.
ะััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟััั ะบ ะฒัะทะดะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั: ะะฐััะฝัะต ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะพััะฐะฒะฐ ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ ะดะปั ะผัะถัะบะพะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ: ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ ะผะพะณัั ัะปัััะธัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะผัะถัะธะฝ. ะะพะณััะทะธัะตัั ะฒ ะดะตัะฐะปะธ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะธั ะฝะฐััะฝัะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั ะธ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธั.
ััะฝะณัะปะธะบั ะพั ะฟัะพััะฐัะธัะฐ ะพัะทัะฒั
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ะััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ะฟััั ะบ ะฒัะทะดะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั: ะฝะฐัะบะฐ ะทะฐ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ัะพััะฐะฒะพะผ ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ
ะ ะผะธัะต, ะณะดะต ั ะธะผะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐัั ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัั ะณะปะฐะฒะตะฝััะฒัััะตะต ะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต, ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผะธ. ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะพัะตัะตะดะฝะพะน ะะะ, ะฐ ััะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดัะผะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะพััะฐะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะผัะถัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฒะตัะฝััั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะณััะทะธะผัั ะฒ ะดะตัะฐะปะธ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐ ััะพะณะพ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะฐ ะธ ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะธ ะฒะปะธััั ะฝะฐ ะผัะถัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะพะฟะธัะฐััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐััะฝัะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ.
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบั?
ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบั โ ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝัะน ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐั, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝัะน ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะธ ะผัะถัะบะพะณะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ะฑะพััะฑะต ั ะฟัะพััะฐัะธัะพะผ ะธ ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธัะผะธ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ั ะฟัะพััะฐัะพะน. ะะฝ ัะพะดะตัะถะธั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ ัะฒะพั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ะฒ ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัั . ะฃะดะธะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฝะพ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝั ะฒ ััะพะผ ัะพััะฐะฒะต ะฑัะป ะฒัะฑัะฐะฝ ะฝะต ัะปััะฐะนะฝะพ โ ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ัะธะฝะตัะณะธะธ, ััะธะปะธะฒะฐั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะต ะดััะณ ะดััะณะฐ.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ
1. ะญะบัััะฐะบั ะบะพัะฝั ะถะตะฝััะตะฝั
ะะตะฝััะตะฝั ะธะทะฒะตััะตะฝ ะบะฐะบ ะผะพัะฝัะน ะฐะดะฐะฟัะพะณะตะฝ. ะะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััััั ัะพ ัััะตััะพะผ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะตะณะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ัะบะฐะทะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะถะตะฝััะตะฝั ัะปัััะฐะตั ะบัะพะฒะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ัะบัะตะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผะผัะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั, ััะพ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะผัะถัะธะฝ.
2. ะะฐะปัะผะฐ ัะฐะฑะฐะปััะบะฐั
ะญัะพั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝั ัะฐััะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตััั ะดะปั ะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ั ะฟัะพััะฐัะพะน. ะกะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ, ัะบัััะฐะบั ะฟะฐะปัะผั ัะฐะฑะฐะปััะบะพะน ะผะพะถะตั ัะผะตะฝััะธัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั ะดะพะฑัะพะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณะธะฟะตัะฟะปะฐะทะธะธ ะฟัะพััะฐัั ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะผัะถัะธะฝ. ะะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะฝะธะทะธัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัะตััะพััะตัะพะฝะฐ, ััะพ ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ัะผะตะฝััะตะฝะธั ะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพัะตััะพะฒ.
3. ะญะบัััะฐะบั ะณะธะฝะบะณะพ ะฑะธะปะพะฑะฐ
ะะธะฝะบะณะพ ะฑะธะปะพะฑะฐ ัะปะฐะฒะธััั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฐะฝัะธะพะบัะธะดะฐะฝัะฝัะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ. ะะฝ ัะปัััะฐะตั ะผะธะบัะพัะธัะบัะปััะธั ะธ ัะฝะฐะฑะถะฐะตั ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะบะธัะปะพัะพะดะพะผ. ะ ัะพัะตัะฐะฝะธะธ ั ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ, ะณะธะฝะบะณะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะปัััะธัั ััะตะบัะธะปัะฝัั ััะฝะบัะธั ะธ ะพะฑัะตะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.
4. ะฆะธะฝะบ
ะฆะธะฝะบ โ ััะพ ะผะธะฝะตัะฐะป, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผัะน ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะะฝ ะธะณัะฐะตั ะบะปััะตะฒัั ัะพะปั ะฒ ัะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ััะพะฒะฝั ัะตััะพััะตัะพะฝะฐ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธะธ ัะตะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะฒะฝะพะน ััะฝะบัะธะธ. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพะบ ัะธะฝะบะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผ ั ะฟัะพััะฐัะพะน ะธ ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธั ะปะธะฑะธะดะพ.
ะะฐััะฝัะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ
ะะฐะถะดัะน ะธะท ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัะฐ ะธะผะตะตั ะทะฐ ัะพะฑะพะน ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐัั ะธั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะผัะถัะธะฝั, ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐััะธะต ัะบัััะฐะบั ะฟะฐะปัะผั ัะฐะฑะฐะปััะบะพะน, ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะปัััะตะฝะธะต ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะฒ ะฟัะพััะฐัะธัะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต 6-12 ะฝะตะดะตะปั.
ะขะฐะบะถะต ัะปะตะดัะตั ะพัะผะตัะธัั, ััะพ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธั ะถะตะฝััะตะฝั ะธ ะณะธะฝะบะณะพ ะฑะธะปะพะฑะฐ ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ััะพะฒะตะฝั ัะฝะตัะณะธะธ ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะพะฑัะตะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ั ะผัะถัะธะฝ.
ะัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัะพะฒ
ะะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะธะผะตัั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒ. ะะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ะพะฝะธ ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฐะณัะตััะธะฒะฝั ะดะปั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ. ะะพ-ะฒัะพััั , ัะฐะบะธะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั, ะบะฐะบ ะถะตะฝััะตะฝั ะธ ะฟะฐะปัะผะฐ ัะฐะฑะฐะปััะบะฐั, ะผะพะณัั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ััััะฐะฝััั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฒะพะทะดะตะนััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน. ะญัะพ ัะพะทะดะฐะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัััะพะนัะธะฒัะน ัััะตะบั, ัะตะผ ะฟัะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝัะตัะธัะตัะบะธั ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั
ะะฐะบ ะฒั ะดัะผะฐะตัะต, ะฒะฐะถะตะฝ ะปะธ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพััะฐะฒ ะฒ ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐัะฐั ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั? ะัะพะนะดะธัะต ะฝะฐั ะพะฟัะพั ะทะดะตัั ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะนัะต ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต ะดััะณะธั !
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบั โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะตัะต ะพะดะธะฝ ะะะ ะฝะฐ ััะฝะบะต, ะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฝะฐ ะผะพัะฝัั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐั . ะะฐะถะดะพะต ััะตะดััะฒะพ ะฒ ะตะณะพ ัะพััะฐะฒะต ะธะผะตะตั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะฝัั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ะธ ะฟัะธะฝะพัะธั ัะตะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟะพะปัะทั ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะผัะถัะธะฝ. ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะตัะต ะตััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ัะฒะพะตะน ะฟัะพััะฐัั ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะผ ัะพัะทะฝะธะบะพะผ.
ะก ััะตัะพะผ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัั ัะตะฝะดะตะฝัะธะน ะบ ะทะดะพัะพะฒะพะผั ะพะฑัะฐะทั ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธ ะพัะบะฐะทั ะพั ั ะธะผะธะธ, ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ, ะฟะพะดะพะฑะฝัะต ะคัะฝะณัะปะธะบัั, ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะฒัั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฐะบััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ. ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต ะบะพะฝััะปััะธัะพะฒะฐัััั ั ะฒัะฐัะพะผ ะฟะตัะตะด ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะปะตัะตะฝะธั ะธ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธัะตัั ะบ ัะฒะพะตะผั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั!
7 simple secrets to eating the Mediterranean way
kraken ะฒะพะนัะธ
What if โdietโ wasnโt a dirty word?
During Suzy Karadshehโs childhood in Port Said, Egypt, diet culture was nonexistent.
โMy parents emphasized joy at the table, rather than anything else,โ Karadsheh said. โI grew up with Mediterranean lifestyle principles that celebrate eating with the seasons, eating mostly whole foods and above all else, sharing.โ
But when Karadsheh moved to the United States at age 16, she witnessed people doing detoxes or restricting certain food groups or ingredients. Surrounded by that narrative and an abundance of new foods in her college dining hall, she says she โgained the freshman 31 instead of the freshman 15.โ When she returned home to Egypt that summer, โI eased back into eating the Mediterranean food that I grew up with. During the span of about two months, I shed all of that weight without thinking I was ever on a diet.โ
To help invite joy back to the table for others โ and to keep her familyโs culinary heritage alive for her two daughters (now 14 and 22) โ Atlanta-based Karadsheh launched The Mediterranean Dish food blog 10 years ago. Quickly, her table started getting filled with more than just her friends and family.
โI started receiving emails from folks whose doctors had prescribed the Mediterranean diet and were seeking approachable recipes,โ Karadsheh said. The plant-based eating lifestyle, often rated the worldโs best diet, can reduce the risk for diabetes, high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss and depression, according to research. Whatโs more, the meal plan has been linked to stronger bones, a healthier heart and longer life.
Preparing meals the Mediterranean way, according to Karadsheh, can help you โeat well and live joyfully. To us, โdietโ doesnโt mean a list of โeat thisโ and โdonโt eat that.โโ Instead of omission, Karadsheh focuses on abundance, asking herself, โwhat can I add to my life through this way of living? More whole foods, vegetables, grains, legumes? Naturally, when you add these good-for-you ingredients, you eat less of whatโs not as health-promoting,โ she told CNN.
Sea robins are fish with โthe wings of a bird and multiple legs like a crabโ
kra10.cc
Some types of sea robins, a peculiar bottom-dwelling ocean fish, use taste bud-covered legs to sense and dig up prey along the seafloor, according to new research.
Sea robins are so adept at rooting out prey as they walk along the ocean floor on their six leglike appendages that other fish follow them around in the hope of snagging some freshly uncovered prey themselves, said the authors of two new studies published Thursday in the journal Current Biology.
David Kingsley, coauthor of both studies, first came across the fish in the summer of 2016 after giving a seminar at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Kingsley is the Rudy J. and Daphne Donohue Munzer Professor in the department of developmental biology at Stanford Universityโs School of Medicine.
Before leaving to catch a flight, Kingsley stopped at a small public aquarium, where he spied sea robins and their delicate fins, which resemble the feathery wings of a bird, as well as leglike appendages.
โThe sea robins on display completely spun my head around because they had the body of a fish, the wings of a bird, and multiple legs like a crab,โ Kingsley said in an email.
โIโd never seen a fish that looked like it was made of body parts from many different types of animals.โ
Kingsley and his colleagues decided to study sea robins in a lab setting, uncovering a wealth of surprises, including the differences between sea robin species and the genetics responsible for their unusual traits, such as leglike fins that have evolved so that they largely function as sensory organs.
The findings of the study teamโs new research show how evolution leads to complex adaptations in specific environments, such as the ability of sea robins to be able to โtasteโ prey using their quickly scurrying and highly sensitive appendages.
7 simple secrets to eating the Mediterranean way
kra8 gl
What if โdietโ wasnโt a dirty word?
During Suzy Karadshehโs childhood in Port Said, Egypt, diet culture was nonexistent.
โMy parents emphasized joy at the table, rather than anything else,โ Karadsheh said. โI grew up with Mediterranean lifestyle principles that celebrate eating with the seasons, eating mostly whole foods and above all else, sharing.โ
But when Karadsheh moved to the United States at age 16, she witnessed people doing detoxes or restricting certain food groups or ingredients. Surrounded by that narrative and an abundance of new foods in her college dining hall, she says she โgained the freshman 31 instead of the freshman 15.โ When she returned home to Egypt that summer, โI eased back into eating the Mediterranean food that I grew up with. During the span of about two months, I shed all of that weight without thinking I was ever on a diet.โ
To help invite joy back to the table for others โ and to keep her familyโs culinary heritage alive for her two daughters (now 14 and 22) โ Atlanta-based Karadsheh launched The Mediterranean Dish food blog 10 years ago. Quickly, her table started getting filled with more than just her friends and family.
โI started receiving emails from folks whose doctors had prescribed the Mediterranean diet and were seeking approachable recipes,โ Karadsheh said. The plant-based eating lifestyle, often rated the worldโs best diet, can reduce the risk for diabetes, high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss and depression, according to research. Whatโs more, the meal plan has been linked to stronger bones, a healthier heart and longer life.
Preparing meals the Mediterranean way, according to Karadsheh, can help you โeat well and live joyfully. To us, โdietโ doesnโt mean a list of โeat thisโ and โdonโt eat that.โโ Instead of omission, Karadsheh focuses on abundance, asking herself, โwhat can I add to my life through this way of living? More whole foods, vegetables, grains, legumes? Naturally, when you add these good-for-you ingredients, you eat less of whatโs not as health-promoting,โ she told CNN.
ะะฐััะฝัะน ะฒะทะณะปัะด ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ: ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะฟัะพััะฐัั
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบะธะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐัั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ัะบัััะฐะบัะพะฒ ะฒ ัะพััะฐะฒะต ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะฐ. ะะพะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ัะบัััะฐะบัะพะฒ ะฟะฐะปัะผั ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั, ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั ะธ ะปะธะบะพะฟะตะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะฐะผ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะดะปั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั.
ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ ัะฐะทะฒะพะด ะธะปะธ ะฝะตั
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ะะฐััะฝัะน ะฒะทะณะปัะด: ััะพ ะณะพะฒะพััั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐั ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะฐ?
ะะพะณะดะฐ ัะตัั ะทะฐั ะพะดะธั ะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะธะท ะฝะฐั ะธััั ัะตัะตะฝะธั, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐััะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั . ะัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ โ ััะพ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ัะฐะบะธั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตั ะฒัะต ะฑะพะปััะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐ ััะตะดะธ ะผัะถัะธะฝ, ะทะฐะฑะพัััะธั ัั ะพ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ัะฒะพะตะน ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะะพ ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ััะธะผ ัะปะพะฒะพะผ? ะะฐะบะธะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะฒั ะพะดัั ะฒ ะตะณะพ ัะพััะฐะฒ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะธ ะดะตะนััะฒััั ะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผ? ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ััะพ ะณะพะฒะพััั ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ?
ะัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ โ ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบั ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ, ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐะฝะฝัะน ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั ะธ ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธั. ะัะฝะพะฒะฝะฐั ะทะฐะดะฐัะฐ ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะฐ โ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะฑะปะตะณัะธัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ั ะฟัะพััะฐัะธัะพะผ, ะฝะพ ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะปะพะผ. ะะพ ััะพ ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝะพ ะผั ะผะพะถะตะผ ะพะถะธะดะฐัั ะพั ะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ?
ะญะบัััะฐะบัั ะธ ะธั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะต: ะฝะฐััะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด
ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะตะต ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะธะท ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะบัััะฐะบัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐััะพ ะฒั ะพะดัั ะฒ ัะพััะฐะฒ ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะฐ, ะธ ะบะฐะบะธะต ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐัั ะธั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั.
1. ะญะบัััะฐะบั ะฟะฐะปัะผั ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั (Saw Palmetto)
ะะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั: ะญัะพั ัะบัััะฐะบั ัะฐััะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตััั ะดะปั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ะฟะฐะปัะผะฐ ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั ะผะพะถะตั ัะผะตะฝััะฐัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั ะดะพะฑัะพะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณะธะฟะตัะฟะปะฐะทะธะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ะถะตะปะตะทั (ะะะะ). ะ ะพะดะฝะพะผ ะธะท ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ะฟัะพะฒะตะดะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฝะฐ 369 ะผัะถัะธะฝะฐั , ัะพะพะฑัะฐะปะพัั ะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผ ัะปัััะตะฝะธะธ ัะธะผะฟัะพะผะพะฒ ะฟัะธ ะฟัะธะตะผะต ัะบัััะฐะบัะฐ.
ะงัะพ ะพะฑะตัะฐะตั: ะัะปะธ ะฒั ั ะพัะธัะต ัะฝะธะทะธัั ัะฐััะพัั ะผะพัะตะธัะฟััะบะฐะฝะธั ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะถะธะทะฝะธ, ัะบัััะฐะบั ะฟะฐะปัะผั ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะพัะทะฝะธะบะพะผ.
2. ะญะบัััะฐะบั ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั
ะะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั: ะัะฐะฟะธะฒะฐ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ัะบัััะฐะบั ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะผะตะฝััะธัั ะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฑะพะปะธ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะ ะพะดะฝะพะผ ะธะท ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธะน ะฑัะปะพ ะพะฑะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ัะพัะตัะฐะฝะธะต ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั ั ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะฐะผะธ ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑะปะตะณัะธัั ัะธะผะฟัะพะผั.
ะงัะพ ะพะฑะตัะฐะตั: ะัะธะผะตะฝะตะฝะธะต ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั ะฒ ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะฐะผ ััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฑะพะปะตะต ะบะพะผัะพััะฝะพ ะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพ.
3. ะะธะบะพะฟะตะฝ
ะะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั: ะะธะบะพะฟะตะฝ โ ััะพ ะผะพัะฝัะน ะฐะฝัะธะพะบัะธะดะฐะฝั, ัะพะดะตัะถะฐัะธะนัั ะฒ ะฟะพะผะธะดะพัะฐั ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะบัะฐัะฝัั ะพะฒะพัะฐั . ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะปะธะบะพะฟะตะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ัะฝะธะทะธัั ัะธัะบ ัะฐะบะฐ ะฟัะพััะฐัั ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะบะปะตัะพะบ. ะ ะพะดะฝะพะผ ะธะท ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฝะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ 50 000 ะผัะถัะธะฝ ะฑัะปะพ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะฟะพััะตะฑะปะตะฝะธะต ะปะธะบะพะฟะตะฝะฐ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะพ ั ะฟะพะฝะธะถะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะธัะบะฐ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะพััะฐัั.
ะงัะพ ะพะฑะตัะฐะตั: ะะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะปะธะบะพะฟะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะฐัะธะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐะถะฝัะผ ัะฐะณะพะผ ะบ ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธั ัะธัะบะฐ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั.
ะะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะฒ ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธะธ?
ะัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะบัััะฐะบัะพะฒ. ะะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ัะธะฝะตัะณะธะธ, ััะธะปะธะฒะฐั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะต ะดััะณ ะดััะณะฐ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ัะพัะตัะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐะปัะผั ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั ะธ ัะบัััะฐะบัะฐ ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒั ะผะพะถะตั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะปัััะธัั ัะตะทัะปััะฐัั ะฟะพ ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั ั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฟะพ ะพัะดะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ ัะฐะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะผะตะฝััะธัั ะฒะพัะฟะฐะปะตะฝะธะต, ะฝะพ ะธ ัะปัััะธัั ะพะฑัะตะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั: ะฒะฐั ะพะฟัั
ะะฐะบะพะน ะธะท ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบะฐ ะฒะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตััะตั ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ? ะะปะธ, ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั, ะฒั ัะถะต ะฟัะพะฑะพะฒะฐะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะธะท ััะพะณะพ? ะะพะดะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั ! ะะฐัะฐ ะธััะพัะธั ะผะพะถะตั ะฒะดะพั ะฝะพะฒะธัั ะดััะณะธั ะผัะถัะธะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฟััะธ ะบ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั.
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
ะัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะผะพะดะฝัะน ััะตะฝะด, ะฐ ะฝะฐััะฝะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด ะบ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั. ะะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ัะบัััะฐะบัั, ัะฐะบะธะต ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะปัะผะฐ ะกะฐะฑะฐะปั, ะบัะฐะฟะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะปะธะบะพะฟะตะฝ, ะธะผะตัั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะฝัั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ะธ ะผะพะณัั ััะฐัั ัะฐัััั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ัะฐัะธะพะฝะฐ. ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะตัะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพััะฐัั, ะฟัะพััะฐะฑะธะพัะธะบ ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะผ ะฟะพะผะพัะฝะธะบะพะผ. ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต, ััะพ ะบะฐะถะดะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะดะพะปะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัััั ั ััะตัะพะผ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัั ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน, ะฟะพััะพะผั ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝะพ ะฟัะพะบะพะฝััะปััะธัะพะฒะฐัััั ั ะฒัะฐัะพะผ. ะะฐะฑะพัััะตัั ะพ ัะฒะพะตะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ ะพััะฐะฒะฐะนัะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะผะธ ะฝะฐััะฝัะผะธ ะพัะบัััะธัะผะธ!
7 simple secrets to eating the Mediterranean way
kraken ัััะปะบะฐ
What if โdietโ wasnโt a dirty word?
During Suzy Karadshehโs childhood in Port Said, Egypt, diet culture was nonexistent.
โMy parents emphasized joy at the table, rather than anything else,โ Karadsheh said. โI grew up with Mediterranean lifestyle principles that celebrate eating with the seasons, eating mostly whole foods and above all else, sharing.โ
But when Karadsheh moved to the United States at age 16, she witnessed people doing detoxes or restricting certain food groups or ingredients. Surrounded by that narrative and an abundance of new foods in her college dining hall, she says she โgained the freshman 31 instead of the freshman 15.โ When she returned home to Egypt that summer, โI eased back into eating the Mediterranean food that I grew up with. During the span of about two months, I shed all of that weight without thinking I was ever on a diet.โ
To help invite joy back to the table for others โ and to keep her familyโs culinary heritage alive for her two daughters (now 14 and 22) โ Atlanta-based Karadsheh launched The Mediterranean Dish food blog 10 years ago. Quickly, her table started getting filled with more than just her friends and family.
โI started receiving emails from folks whose doctors had prescribed the Mediterranean diet and were seeking approachable recipes,โ Karadsheh said. The plant-based eating lifestyle, often rated the worldโs best diet, can reduce the risk for diabetes, high cholesterol, dementia, memory loss and depression, according to research. Whatโs more, the meal plan has been linked to stronger bones, a healthier heart and longer life.
Preparing meals the Mediterranean way, according to Karadsheh, can help you โeat well and live joyfully. To us, โdietโ doesnโt mean a list of โeat thisโ and โdonโt eat that.โโ Instead of omission, Karadsheh focuses on abundance, asking herself, โwhat can I add to my life through this way of living? More whole foods, vegetables, grains, legumes? Naturally, when you add these good-for-you ingredients, you eat less of whatโs not as health-promoting,โ she told CNN.
ะ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต ัะตะนัะพะฒ ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐัั ะฒะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะต ัะตะนัั ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะน ัะตะนั
ะัะถัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ Tundra: ัะบัะตะฟะปัะตะผ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั ะธ ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั ะพะดะฝะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ
ะะตัะบัะธะฟัะตะฝ:
ะฃะทะฝะฐะนัะต, ะบะฐะบ Tundra ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะธะผะผัะฝะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั. ะัะบัะพะนัะต ะดะปั ัะตะฑั ะดะฒะพะนะฝะพะน ัััะตะบั ััะพะน ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ ะธ ัะปัััะธัะต ัะฒะพะต ะพะฑัะตะต ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธะต.
ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ััะพะธั ะฟัะตะฟะฐัะฐั ััะฝะดัะฐ
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ะัะถัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะธ Tundra: ะบะฐะบ ัะบัะตะฟะธัั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั
ะะพะณะดะฐ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั ะพ ะผัะถัะบะพะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต, ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั ัะฐััะพ ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั ะฒ ัะตะฝััะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั. ะะพ ะทะฝะฐะตัะต ะปะธ ะฒั, ััะพ ััะพ ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐััั ะพะฑัะตะน ะบะฐััะธะฝั? ะัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด, ะธ ะทะดะตัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธั Tundra. ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ะพะฑััะดะธะผ, ะบะฐะบ Tundra ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะตะน, ะฝะพ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะธะผะผัะฝะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, ััะพ ะบัะฐะนะฝะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะดะปั ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธั.
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต Tundra?
Tundra โ ััะพ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะฐั ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฝะฐัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะธะทะฒะตััะฝัั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝัะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ. ะ ะตั ัะพััะฐะฒ ะฒั ะพะดัั ัะฐะบะธะต ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝัั, ะบะฐะบ ะบะพัะฐ ะนะพั ะธะผะฑะต ะธ ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ ััะบะฒั. ะญัะธ ะบะพะผะฟะพะฝะตะฝัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ะปะตั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปะธัั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะพะดะฝะพะน ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝะต ะดะปั ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ัะตะบััะฐะปัะฝะพะน ััะฝะบัะธะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะพััะพัะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั. ะะพ ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐะตั Tundra ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝะพะน?
ะกะตะบัะตัั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะณะพ ัะพััะฐะฒะฐ
ะกะตะบัะตั Tundra ะทะฐะบะปััะฐะตััั ะฒ ะตั ะฟัะพะดัะผะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ัะพััะฐะฒะต. ะะฐะถะดัะน ะธะฝะณัะตะดะธะตะฝั ะฒัะฑัะฐะฝ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะฐะบ. ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะบะพัะฐ ะนะพั ะธะผะฑะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะปัััะธัั ะบัะพะฒะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะฐะตั ะปะธะฑะธะดะพ, ะฐ ัะตะผะตะฝะฐ ััะบะฒั ะฑะพะณะฐัั ัะธะฝะบะพะผ ะธ ะดััะณะธะผะธ ะฒะธัะฐะผะธะฝะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั. ะญัะพ ะพะทะฝะฐัะฐะตั, ััะพ ะฒั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัะต ะดะฒะพะนะฝะพะน ัััะตะบั: ัะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบั ะธะผะผัะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั.
ะะฐะบ Tundra ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ะผัะถัะบะพะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต?
ะ ะตะณัะปััะฝะพะต ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต Tundra ะผะพะถะตั ะพะบะฐะทะฐัั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ะฒะปะธัะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐัะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต. ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ััะฐ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะบัะตะฟะธัั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั.
1. ะะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ
ะะฐัะฝะตะผ ั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ Tundra ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะปัััะธัั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั. ะะพัะฐ ะนะพั ะธะผะฑะต, ัะพะดะตัะถะฐัะฐััั ะฒ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะต, ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ัะฒะพะนััะฒะฐะผะธ ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะบัะพะฒะพะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ัะตะบััะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธั. ะญัะพ ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะดะปั ะผัะถัะธะฝ, ะบะพัะพััะต ััะฐะปะบะธะฒะฐัััั ั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐะผะธ ััะตะบัะธะธ. ะััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั, ััะพ 60% ะผัะถัะธะฝ, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัััะธั ะนะพั ะธะผะฑะต, ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ัะปัััะตะฝะธะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธั. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐ, ะฝะต ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะปะธ?
2. ะฃะบัะตะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะธะผะผัะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั
ะะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะธ ัะพ, ััะพ Tundra ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะบัะตะฟะธัั ะธะผะผัะฝะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั. ะกะตะผะตะฝะฐ ััะบะฒั, ะฑะพะณะฐััะต ัะธะฝะบะพะผ, ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒััั ะฒััะฐะฑะพัะบะต ะบะปะตัะพะบ ะธะผะผัะฝะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ะฑะพัะพัััั ั ะธะฝัะตะบัะธัะผะธ. ะะพ ััะฐัะธััะธะบะต, ะผัะถัะธะฝั ั ะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝัะผ ััะพะฒะฝะตะผ ัะธะฝะบะฐ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะต ัะตะถะต ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะถะตะฝั ะฟัะพัััะดะฐะผ ะธ ะดััะณะธะผ ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ. ะั ะฒะตะดั ะฝะต ั ะพัะธัะต, ััะพะฑั ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝั ะฒัะฑะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ะฒะฐั ะธะท ะบะพะปะตะธ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะดะตะปะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ, ะฒะตัะฝะพ?
3. ะฃะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะพััะพัะฝะธั
ะัะพะผะต ะฟััะผะพะณะพ ะฒะพะทะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั ะธ ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตั, Tundra ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ัะปัััะธัั ะพะฑัะตะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐ. ะะฝะฐ ัะฟะพัะพะฑััะฒัะตั ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะธั ัะฝะตัะณะธะธ ะธ ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐัััะพะตะฝะธั. ะญัะพ ะดะพััะธะณะฐะตััั ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะบะพะผะฑะธะฝะฐัะธะธ ะฒะธัะฐะผะธะฝะพะฒ ะธ ะผะธะฝะตัะฐะปะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฒ ะตั ัะพััะฐะฒะต. ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ัะพะพะฑัะฐัั, ััะพ ััะฒััะฒััั ัะตะฑั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะฝะตัะณะธัะฝัะผะธ ะธ ะถะธะทะฝะตัะฐะดะพััะฝัะผะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะธะตะผะฐ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ. ะัะปะธ ะฒั ั ะพัะธัะต ััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฟะธะบะต ัะฒะพะธั ัะธะป, Tundra ะผะพะถะตั ััะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ะฒะตัะฝัะผ ัะพัะทะฝะธะบะพะผ.
ะงัะพ ะพะถะธะดะฐัั ะพั Tundra?
ะะฐะบ ะธ ะปัะฑะพะน ะดััะณะพะน ะฟัะพะดัะบั, Tundra ััะตะฑัะตั ัะตะณัะปััะฝะพะณะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะปั ะดะพััะธะถะตะฝะธั ะฒะธะดะธะผัั ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะพะฒ. ะะพั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒะตัะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะพะถะธะดะฐัั:
ะฃะปัััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ: ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝัะต ัะตะทัะปััะฐัั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะผะพะณัั ััะฐัั ะทะฐะผะตัะฝัะผะธ ัะถะต ัะตัะตะท ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะตะดะตะปั.
ะฃะบัะตะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตัะฐ: ะผะตะฝััะต ะฑะพะปะตะทะฝะตะน ะธ ะฟัะพัััะด, ะฑะพะปััะต ัะฝะตัะณะธะธ ะดะปั ะฟะพะฒัะตะดะฝะตะฒะฝัั ะดะตะป.
ะะฑัะตะต ัะปัััะตะฝะธะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั: ะฑะพะปััะต ัะฝะตัะณะธะธ, ะปัััะตะต ะฝะฐัััะพะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะพัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะพััั.
ะะฝัะตัะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัะน ัะปะตะผะตะฝั: ะฒะฐัะต ะผะฝะตะฝะธะต
ะะฐะบ ะฒั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตัะต ัะฒะพั ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต? ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะตัะต ะปะธ ะฒั ะบะฐะบะธะต-ะปะธะฑะพ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ ะดะปั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะธะปะธ ัะบัะตะฟะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผะผัะฝะธัะตัะฐ? ะะพะดะตะปะธัะตัั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ะฒ ะบะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธัั !
ะะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธะต
Tundra โ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะฐ ะดะปั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ; ััะพ ะผะพัะฝัะน ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝั, ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะน ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะฐัั ะฒะฐัะต ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต ะฝะฐ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ััะพะฒะฝัั . ะฃะปัััะฐั ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธั ะธ ัะบัะตะฟะปัั ะธะผะผัะฝะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, Tundra ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตั ะฒะฐะผ ััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะปัััะต ะธ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะตะต. ะะต ะทะฐะฑัะฒะฐะนัะต, ััะพ ะทะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะพ ัะฒะพัะผ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะต โ ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะตะปะพ ะพะดะฝะพะน ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะบะธ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฝัะน ะฟะพะดั ะพะด ะบ ะพะฑัะฐะทั ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะก Tundra ะฒั ะดะตะปะฐะตัะต ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะบ ัะปัััะตะฝะธั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะพััะฒััะฒะธั!
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A severe geomagnetic storm could cause colorful auroras over Northern California and Alabama
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ
Colorful auroras could be visible in areas of the United States such as Alabama and Northern California โ much farther south than they typically appear โ on Thursday evening due to a powerful solar flare and coronal mass ejection released from the sun, according to the National Weather Serviceโs Space Weather Prediction Center.
The severe solar storm, classified as a level 4 on a scale from 1 to 5, also could disrupt communications, the power grid and satellite operations, according to officials at the center.
The storm is expected to reach Earth between early morning and 12 p.m. ET Thursday, with the potential to last through Friday.
The intensity and full characteristics of the storm, moving toward Earth at more than 2.5 million miles per hour (about 4 million kilometers per hour), wonโt be known until it reaches the Deep Space Climate Observatory and the Advanced Composition Explorer satellites orbiting 1 million miles from Earth.
The satellites will measure the speed and magnetic intensity of the storm, which is expected to arrive at Earth 15 to 30 minutes after reaching the space observatories, said Shawn Dahl, service coordinator for the Space Weather Prediction Center, at a news briefing Wednesday.
A series of the most intense type of solar flares, known as X-class flares, have released from the sun this week. The flares also coincided with coronal mass ejections on Tuesday.
Coronal mass ejections are large clouds of ionized gas called plasma and magnetic fields that erupt from the sunโs outer atmosphere. When these outbursts are directed at Earth, they can cause geomagnetic storms, or major disturbances of Earthโs magnetic field.
โGeomagnetic storms can impact infrastructure in near-Earth orbit and on Earthโs surface,โ according to the Space Weather Prediction Center.
As a result, the center has notified the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the North American power grid and satellite operators to prepare for disruptions, especially given the amount of preparations and expected relief efforts for Hurricane Milton, Dahl said.
Historically, G4 storms are common during a solar cycle, but G5, or extreme geomagnetic storms such the one that occurred on May 10, are incredibly rare, Dahl said. This new storm has a 25% chance of becoming a G5, he said.
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ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
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https://prestigeagency.org/ – ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะผัะฝัะบะพะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝััะฒะพ
https://prestigeagency.org/ – ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ัะฐะฝัะพะฒัะธัั
https://prestigeagency.org/ – ัะฐะฝะบะธ
https://prestigeagency.org/ – ะฒะฐะบะฐะฝัะธะธ ัะฐะฝัะพะฒัะธัั
ะะฐัะฝะธัะต ะผะฐััะพะฒัั ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธั ัััะปะพะบ ะฒ Google ะฟััะผะพ cะตะนัะฐั!
ะััััะฐั ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธั ัััะปะพะบ ะธะผะตะตั ะบะปััะตะฒะพะต ะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะธะต ะดะปั ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ. ะงะตะผ ะฑััััะตะต ะฟะพะธัะบะพะฒัะต ัะธััะตะผั ะพะฑะฝะฐััะถะฐั ะธ ะฟัะพะธะฝะดะตะบัะธัััั ะฒะฐัะธ ัััะปะบะธ, ัะตะผ ะฑััััะตะต ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั ะฝะพะฒัั ะฐัะดะธัะพัะธั ะธ ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ.
ะะต ัะตััะนัะต ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ! ะะฐัะฝะธัะต ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัััั ะฝะฐัะธะผ ัะตัะฒะธัะพะผ ะดะปั ััะบะพัะตะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธะธ ะฒะฝะตัะฝะธั ัััะปะพะบ ะฒ Google ะธ Yandex. ะะฐัะตะณะธัััะธััะนัะตัั ัะตะณะพะดะฝั ะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ะฟะตัะฒัะต ัะตะทัะปััะฐัั ัะถะต ะทะฐะฒััะฐ. ะะฐั ััะฟะตั ะฒ ะฒะฐัะธั ััะบะฐั !
Comet likely last seen when Neanderthals walked Earth could soon dazzle in the night sky
ะงะตั ะพะป ะดะปั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ KST ะดะปั Xiaomi Redmi Note 10 Pro/10 Pro Max (ะฟัะพะทัะฐัะฝัะน) ะบัะฟะธัั
A recently discovered comet, known as C/2023 A3 TsuchinshanโATLAS, will make its closest approach of Earth on Saturday. Sky-gazers wonโt want to miss the event since it may be the last time the comet will be seen in the night sky for another 80,000 years.
The comet successfully reached perihelion, its closest point to the sun in its orbital path around the parent star, on September 27, and was visible for those in the Southern Hemisphere in September and early October. Now, the icy body is on its way out of the inner solar system and will be visible to those in the Northern Hemisphere in mid-October through early November, according to NASA.
On Saturday, the comet will come within about 44 million miles (nearly 71 million kilometers) of Earth. The comet is making its first documented flyby of our planet, according to NASA. With its 80,000-year orbit, the celestial body would have been last seen from Earth at the time of the Neanderthals.
Those looking to catch a glimpse of the once-in-a-lifetime event will want to look in the western part of the night sky, shortly after sunset, according to EarthSky.
The comet will look like a bright fireball in the dark sky with a long, extended tail. Bill Cooke, lead of NASAโs Meteoroid Environment Office at the Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, recommends a pair of binoculars for enhanced viewing of the comet.
โItโs not going to zing across the sky like a meteor. It will just appear to hang there, and it will slowly change position from night to night,โ Cooke said. โIf you can see (the comet) with your unaided eye, (using) the binoculars will knock your socks off.โ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Thai farmer forced to kill more than 100 endangered crocodiles after a typhoon damaged their enclosure
kraken ะฒะพะนัะธ
A Thai crocodile farmer who goes by the nickname โCrocodile Xโ said he killed more than 100 critically endangered reptiles to prevent them from escaping after a typhoon damaged their enclosure.
Natthapak Khumkad, 37, who runs a crocodile farm in Lamphun, northern Thailand, said he scrambled to find his Siamese crocodiles a new home when he noticed a wall securing their enclosure was at risk of collapsing. But nowhere was large or secure enough to hold the crocodiles, some of which were up to 4 meters (13 feet) long.
To stop the crocodiles from getting loose into the local community, Natthapak said, he put 125 of them down on September 22.
โI had to make the most difficult decision of my life to kill them all,โ he told CNN. โMy family and I discussed if the wall collapsed the damage to peopleโs lives would be far bigger than we can control. It would involve peopleโs lives and public safety.โ
Typhoon Yagi, Asiaโs most powerful storm this year, swept across southern China and Southeast Asia this month, leaving a trail of destruction with its intense rainfall and powerful winds. Downpours inundated Thailandโs north, submerging homes and riverside villages, killing at least nine people.
Storms like Yagi are โgetting stronger due to climate change, primarily because warmer ocean waters provide more energy to fuel the storms, leading to increased wind speeds and heavier rainfall,โ said Benjamin Horton, director of the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
Natural disasters, including typhoons, pose a range of threats to wildlife, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Flooding can leave animals stranded, in danger of drowning, or separated from their owners or families.
Rain and strong winds can also severely damage habitats and animal shelters. In 2022, Hurricane Ian hit Florida and destroyed the Little Bear Sanctuary in Punta Gorda, leaving 200 animals, including cows, horses, donkeys, pigs and birds without shelter.
The risk of natural disasters to animals is only increasing as human-caused climate change makes extreme weather events more frequent and volatile.
Thai farmer forced to kill more than 100 endangered crocodiles after a typhoon damaged their enclosure
kraken ะฒะพะนัะธ
A Thai crocodile farmer who goes by the nickname โCrocodile Xโ said he killed more than 100 critically endangered reptiles to prevent them from escaping after a typhoon damaged their enclosure.
Natthapak Khumkad, 37, who runs a crocodile farm in Lamphun, northern Thailand, said he scrambled to find his Siamese crocodiles a new home when he noticed a wall securing their enclosure was at risk of collapsing. But nowhere was large or secure enough to hold the crocodiles, some of which were up to 4 meters (13 feet) long.
To stop the crocodiles from getting loose into the local community, Natthapak said, he put 125 of them down on September 22.
โI had to make the most difficult decision of my life to kill them all,โ he told CNN. โMy family and I discussed if the wall collapsed the damage to peopleโs lives would be far bigger than we can control. It would involve peopleโs lives and public safety.โ
Typhoon Yagi, Asiaโs most powerful storm this year, swept across southern China and Southeast Asia this month, leaving a trail of destruction with its intense rainfall and powerful winds. Downpours inundated Thailandโs north, submerging homes and riverside villages, killing at least nine people.
Storms like Yagi are โgetting stronger due to climate change, primarily because warmer ocean waters provide more energy to fuel the storms, leading to increased wind speeds and heavier rainfall,โ said Benjamin Horton, director of the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
Natural disasters, including typhoons, pose a range of threats to wildlife, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Flooding can leave animals stranded, in danger of drowning, or separated from their owners or families.
Rain and strong winds can also severely damage habitats and animal shelters. In 2022, Hurricane Ian hit Florida and destroyed the Little Bear Sanctuary in Punta Gorda, leaving 200 animals, including cows, horses, donkeys, pigs and birds without shelter.
The risk of natural disasters to animals is only increasing as human-caused climate change makes extreme weather events more frequent and volatile.
Thai farmer forced to kill more than 100 endangered crocodiles after a typhoon damaged their enclosure
ะัะฐะบะตะฝ ัะพั
A Thai crocodile farmer who goes by the nickname โCrocodile Xโ said he killed more than 100 critically endangered reptiles to prevent them from escaping after a typhoon damaged their enclosure.
Natthapak Khumkad, 37, who runs a crocodile farm in Lamphun, northern Thailand, said he scrambled to find his Siamese crocodiles a new home when he noticed a wall securing their enclosure was at risk of collapsing. But nowhere was large or secure enough to hold the crocodiles, some of which were up to 4 meters (13 feet) long.
To stop the crocodiles from getting loose into the local community, Natthapak said, he put 125 of them down on September 22.
โI had to make the most difficult decision of my life to kill them all,โ he told CNN. โMy family and I discussed if the wall collapsed the damage to peopleโs lives would be far bigger than we can control. It would involve peopleโs lives and public safety.โ
Typhoon Yagi, Asiaโs most powerful storm this year, swept across southern China and Southeast Asia this month, leaving a trail of destruction with its intense rainfall and powerful winds. Downpours inundated Thailandโs north, submerging homes and riverside villages, killing at least nine people.
Storms like Yagi are โgetting stronger due to climate change, primarily because warmer ocean waters provide more energy to fuel the storms, leading to increased wind speeds and heavier rainfall,โ said Benjamin Horton, director of the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
Natural disasters, including typhoons, pose a range of threats to wildlife, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Flooding can leave animals stranded, in danger of drowning, or separated from their owners or families.
Rain and strong winds can also severely damage habitats and animal shelters. In 2022, Hurricane Ian hit Florida and destroyed the Little Bear Sanctuary in Punta Gorda, leaving 200 animals, including cows, horses, donkeys, pigs and birds without shelter.
The risk of natural disasters to animals is only increasing as human-caused climate change makes extreme weather events more frequent and volatile.
Thai farmer forced to kill more than 100 endangered crocodiles after a typhoon damaged their enclosure
ะบัะฐะบะตะฝ ะฒั ะพะด
A Thai crocodile farmer who goes by the nickname โCrocodile Xโ said he killed more than 100 critically endangered reptiles to prevent them from escaping after a typhoon damaged their enclosure.
Natthapak Khumkad, 37, who runs a crocodile farm in Lamphun, northern Thailand, said he scrambled to find his Siamese crocodiles a new home when he noticed a wall securing their enclosure was at risk of collapsing. But nowhere was large or secure enough to hold the crocodiles, some of which were up to 4 meters (13 feet) long.
To stop the crocodiles from getting loose into the local community, Natthapak said, he put 125 of them down on September 22.
โI had to make the most difficult decision of my life to kill them all,โ he told CNN. โMy family and I discussed if the wall collapsed the damage to peopleโs lives would be far bigger than we can control. It would involve peopleโs lives and public safety.โ
Typhoon Yagi, Asiaโs most powerful storm this year, swept across southern China and Southeast Asia this month, leaving a trail of destruction with its intense rainfall and powerful winds. Downpours inundated Thailandโs north, submerging homes and riverside villages, killing at least nine people.
Storms like Yagi are โgetting stronger due to climate change, primarily because warmer ocean waters provide more energy to fuel the storms, leading to increased wind speeds and heavier rainfall,โ said Benjamin Horton, director of the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
Natural disasters, including typhoons, pose a range of threats to wildlife, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Flooding can leave animals stranded, in danger of drowning, or separated from their owners or families.
Rain and strong winds can also severely damage habitats and animal shelters. In 2022, Hurricane Ian hit Florida and destroyed the Little Bear Sanctuary in Punta Gorda, leaving 200 animals, including cows, horses, donkeys, pigs and birds without shelter.
The risk of natural disasters to animals is only increasing as human-caused climate change makes extreme weather events more frequent and volatile.
Thai farmer forced to kill more than 100 endangered crocodiles after a typhoon damaged their enclosure
kraken ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั
A Thai crocodile farmer who goes by the nickname โCrocodile Xโ said he killed more than 100 critically endangered reptiles to prevent them from escaping after a typhoon damaged their enclosure.
Natthapak Khumkad, 37, who runs a crocodile farm in Lamphun, northern Thailand, said he scrambled to find his Siamese crocodiles a new home when he noticed a wall securing their enclosure was at risk of collapsing. But nowhere was large or secure enough to hold the crocodiles, some of which were up to 4 meters (13 feet) long.
To stop the crocodiles from getting loose into the local community, Natthapak said, he put 125 of them down on September 22.
โI had to make the most difficult decision of my life to kill them all,โ he told CNN. โMy family and I discussed if the wall collapsed the damage to peopleโs lives would be far bigger than we can control. It would involve peopleโs lives and public safety.โ
Typhoon Yagi, Asiaโs most powerful storm this year, swept across southern China and Southeast Asia this month, leaving a trail of destruction with its intense rainfall and powerful winds. Downpours inundated Thailandโs north, submerging homes and riverside villages, killing at least nine people.
Storms like Yagi are โgetting stronger due to climate change, primarily because warmer ocean waters provide more energy to fuel the storms, leading to increased wind speeds and heavier rainfall,โ said Benjamin Horton, director of the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
Natural disasters, including typhoons, pose a range of threats to wildlife, according to the International Fund for Animal Welfare. Flooding can leave animals stranded, in danger of drowning, or separated from their owners or families.
Rain and strong winds can also severely damage habitats and animal shelters. In 2022, Hurricane Ian hit Florida and destroyed the Little Bear Sanctuary in Punta Gorda, leaving 200 animals, including cows, horses, donkeys, pigs and birds without shelter.
The risk of natural disasters to animals is only increasing as human-caused climate change makes extreme weather events more frequent and volatile.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟะปะฐัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะฐััะตั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะณะปะฐะทะฐ ะบะพะปะตั
ะะปััะตะฒะพะน ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะผะพะปัะฐัั โ ะฝะพ ะฒ ััะด ะธะดัะธ ะฑะพะธััั.
ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ โ ะบะปััะตะฒะพะน ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะฒ ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป/ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตััั ัะตะนัะฐั ััะดัะตะน ะะบะฐัะตัะธะฝะพะน ะะพะณะดะฐะฝะพะฒะพะน ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะญัะพ ะฑัะฒัะธะน ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะพั ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป.
ะก ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะฝะพะน ะธะผ ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ัะตะณะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ั ะตะณะพ (ะฝะตััะตะทะฒัั ) ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั (ัะตะนัะฐั ะฒัะต ะพะฝะธ ะธะผ ััะตััั) ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐัั ััะบะฐะปะฐัะธั ััะพะณะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะะพ, ัะบะพัะตะต ะฒัะตะณะพ, ะดะตะปะพ ะธะผ ะถะต ัะฐะผะธะผ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะพ.
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฑะพััั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฟะพะดะพะฟะปะตะบะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะฒัะฟะปัะฒะตั ะธ ะฒัะบัะพะตััั ัะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะบะตะผ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฑัะปะธ ัะบัะฐะดะตะฝั ะฐะบัะธะฒั โ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ, ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั ัะฒะปััััั ะฒ ััะด. ะกัะดัั ะะพะณะดะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะปะฐ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะฟัะธะฒะพะด.
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะถะต ะทะฐัะฒะปัะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ัะณัะพะถะฐัั. ะ ะพะดะฝะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ ัะฐะผ ัะณัะพะถะฐะตั ััะดะพะผ ะกะะ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐัั ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะธะปะธั (ัะณัะพะทั, ัะฐะทัะผะตะตััั, ะฟััััะต).
ะะฐะฟะพะผะฝะธะผ, ััะพ ัะพะฑะพะน ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ััะพั ยซะณะตัะพะนยป.
ะะพั, ะฒัะผะพะณะฐัะตะปั, ะบะปะตะฒะตัะฝะธะบ
ะัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฒะพั. ะะฐัะธ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะธ ะดะตะปัััั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะตะน ะพ ั ะธัะตะฝะธะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ั ะบะพัะตะปัะบะพะฒ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะบ ะบะพัะพััะผ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะธะผะตะป ะดะพัััะฟ.
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะต ะณะฝััะฐะปัั ะฒะพัะพะฒะฐัั ะดะฐะถะต ั ะฑะปะธะทะบะธั . ะะดะฝะฐะถะดั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะฒัะธัั ั ัะฒะพะตะน ะปัะฑะพะฒะฝะธัั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝั ะ., ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะธะทะฑะธะป ะตะต ะธ ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะตะต ะบัะธะฟัะพะฒะฐะปััะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพัะตะปัะบะฐ, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะธะนัะธ ะฒ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟะพะฑะพะตะฒ.
ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ ะตะณะพ ะฑัะฒัะตะน ะถะตะฝั, ัะฐะฝัะฐะถะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะป ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ: 170 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ, ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะะธะบัะพัะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ัะณัะพะถะฐะป ัะฒะตัััะผะธ ะธ ัะฐะผะพะผั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะธ ะตะณะพ ััะฟััะณะต, ะธ ะดะตััะผ. ะะพั ะฒะฐะปัะปัั ะฟะตัะตะด (ัะพะณะดะฐ ะตัะต) ะถะตะฝะพะน ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะผะฐัะตัะฝัะผะธ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ั ัะณัะพะทะฐะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะพะฝ ะฟะพััะปะฐะป ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะฑะปะธะทะบะธะผ.
ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะฒัะผะพะณะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ัะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐะผ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝั.
ะะฝ ะดะพะฟัััะธะป ัะตะปัะน ััะด ะบะปะตะฒะตัะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ะฒััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะฒ ะฐะดัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ โ ะทะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฝะตะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝะพ ะธ ัะฐััะปะตะดัะตััั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ.
ะะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝ, ะฝะฐัะธะปัะฝะธะบ, ะดะตะฑะพัะธั
ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝัะถะฝั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ยซะฟะธัะฐััยป ัะฒะพั ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบัั ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััั โ ั ะฝะตะบะพัะพััั ะฟะพั ะพะฝ ะฟัะตะดะฟะพัะธัะฐะตั ัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฒะพะดะบั ะณะฐะปะปััะธะฝะพะณะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะณัะธะฑะฐะผะธ, ะพะฑ ัะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ั ัะฟะพะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป ะดะฐะถะต ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ัะพััะตััั .
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะณะปะฐะทะฐ ะบะพะปะตั
ะะฝ ะฝะต ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ ะฑัะป ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปะธะบะพะผ ะธ ะฝะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ โ ััััะพะธะฒัะธัั 10 ะปะตั ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะฒ IT-ัะปัะถะฑั, ะฝะต ะฟะธะป ะธ ะฝะต ัะฟะพััะตะฑะปัะป. ะะพ ะฑะพะปััะธะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะบัะฐัะธะฒะฐั ะถะธะทะฝั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฒะดััะณ ััะฐะปะฐ ะดะพัััะฟะฝะฐ ะดะปั ะฟัะพััะพะณะพ ะฐัััะฐั ะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะฟะฐัะฝั ะธะท ะฝะธะทะพะฒ, ัะฐะทะฒัะฐัะธะปะธ ะตะณะพ.
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฑะธะป ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะปัะฑะพะฒะฝะธัั ะกะฒะตัะปะฐะฝั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะถะตะฝั, ะธ ะดะตัะตะน. ะะพะผ ัะฒะพะตะน ัะตะผัะธ ะพะฝ ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะทะณัะพะผะธะป ะธ ะฒัะฝะตั ะธะท ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒัะต ะธะผััะตััะฒะพ. ะะปะธะผะตะฝัั ะฝะต ะฟะปะฐัะธั ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะปะตั.
ะะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ
ะะธะบัะพัะธั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ัะพะพะฑัะฐะตั, ััะพ ะทะฐ ััะธ ะดะฝั ะดะพ ะพะฑััะบะฐ ะฒ ะธั ัะพะณะดะฐ ะตัะต ัะพะฒะผะตััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะผะต, ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ัะตั ะฐะป ะธ ะตะน ัะบะฐะทะฐะป, ััะพ ะฟัะธะดัั ั ะพะฑััะบะพะผ โ ะฝะพ ััะพ ะฟัััะฐั ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพััั. ะขะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ัะถะต ะฑัะป ะฒ ัะณะพะฒะพัะต ั ะฟะพะปะธัะธะตะน, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะทะฐ ััะธ ะดะฝั ะฑัะป ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะถะดะตะฝ ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฑััะบะต.
15 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฑัะป ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝ, ะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัั ะฝะต ะฒ ะกะะะ โ ะบัะดะฐ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะดััะณะธั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะฝะต ะฑัะป ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝ ะฒ ะธะทะพะปััะพั ะธะปะธ ะะะ, ะฐ ะถะธะป ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต.
ะะฝ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะพั ััะปัะณ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัะต, ะฟะพ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธั , ยซะฑัั ะฐะป ั ะพะฟะตัะฐะผะธยป. ะ ัะฐะบะถะต ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะดะตะฝั ะฒะพะดะธะป ะพะฟะตัะพะฒ ะฟะพ ะฑะฐัะฐะผ ะธ ัะตััะพัะฐะฝะฐะผ โ ัะณะพัะฐะป ะธั ะทะฐ ัะฒะพะน ััะตั.
ะ ัะฐะทะณะพะฒะพัะต ั ะถะตะฝะพะน ะพะฝ ะพัะตะฝั ะณะพัะดะธะปัั ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะฃะญะะธะะ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ (ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบ ัะผะตะฝะธะปัั, ะธ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ัั ัะดัะธะปะพัั).
ะะฐัะธ ะธััะพัะฝะธะบะธ ััะธัะฐัั, ััะพ ะพะฝ ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ัะฐะทะดะตะปะธะฒ ะธั ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะดััะทััะผะธ ะธะท ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ. ะัั ะตะณะพ ะดะฐะปัะฝะตะนัะฐั ะถะธะทะฝั ะธ ะฟัะธะฒััะบะธ ัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตั ะฒะพัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะะต ะผะพะถะตั ะผะพะปัะฐัั
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฒ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะต ะผะตัััั ะฑัะบะฒะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฒะทะพัะฒะฐะปัั ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฒัะตะผ ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฒ ัะฒะพะธั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั โ ะบะพัะพััะต ะพะฝ ะฒะฝะตะทะฐะฟะฝะพ ะฒะฝะพะฒั ะทะฐะฒะตะป.
ะะฐะป ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ โ ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะฐั ัะตะฐะบัะธั ะฝะฐ ะผะฝะพะณะพัะธัะปะตะฝะฝัะต ััะฐััะธ ะธ ะฒะธะดะตะพ ะพ ะฝะตะผ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพััั ั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผะธ ะฒ ััะบะฐั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะพัั, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพะฝ, ะผะฝะพะณะพะบัะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพะนะผะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฝะฐ ะฒะพัะพะฒััะฒะต ะฟััะฝะธัะฐ, ะฝะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝ ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะปัะฝะธะบ, ัะฐะทัััะธะป ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ัะฐะทะดะตะปะธะป ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ ะธะท ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ. ะัะฑะปะธะบะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะตะณะพ ัะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะดะตะปะธ, ะฐ ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะพ-ะฝะฐัะบะพัะธัะตัะบะพะต ัะพััะพัะฝะธะต ะฝะต ะดะฐะตั ัะผะพะปัะฐัั.
ะ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัั ะพะฝ ะฝะต ัะบััะฒะฐะตั ััะฒััะฒ: ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะฒัะตั ยซะฟะพััะฐะฒะธั ัะฐะบะพะผยป; ััะพ ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะดะฐะถะต ัะฑะธัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฟะพะฝะฐะดะพะฑะธััั. ะ ะตะผั ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะทะฐ ะฝะธะผ ััะพะธั ะฝะตะบะธะน ะผะพะณััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒัััะธะน ะตะผั, ั ะบะพัะพััะผ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะธะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัั.
ะะฝะพะณะธะต ะธะท ััะธั ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธะน ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผัะผ ะธ ะฟะพััะพะฒ ะฒ ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ัะตััั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟัะพัะฟะฐะฒัะธัั, ััะธัะฐะตั โ ะฝะพ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะตะณะพ ะฒะธะทะฐะฒะธ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธั ัะพั ัะฐะฝััั ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธะปะธ ะธั ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ.
ะะฝ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะธัะตั ะฟะธััะผะฐ ั ัะณัะพะทะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะต ะกะะ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐัั ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะธะปะธั, ัะณัะพะถะฐะตั ะธะผ ััะดะพะผ โ ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐ ะณะปะฐะทะฐ ะบะพะปะตั.
ะกะพะทะดะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะพะฑัััะธะป ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ััะพะฑั ัะบัััั ัะฒะพะต ะฒะพัะพะฒััะฒะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะขะฐะบะถะต ััะพะฑั ัะบัััั ัะฒะพะต ะฒะพัะพะฒััะฒะพ, ะพะฝ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธะป ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะพะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ัะตะนัะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั . ะะบะปะตะฒะตัะฐะป ะฒัะตั , ััะพะฑั ะพัะฒะตััะธ ะฟะพะดะพะทัะตะฝะธั ะพั ัะตะฑั ะธ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะธะท ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ.
ะะพ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐ ะดะปั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะพ ัะพััะพัะฝะธะธ ะปะธัะฝัั ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะตยป, ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฝะฝัะต ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผ, ะพะฝ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั: ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ะฟัะตะถะฝะธะน ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะน ัะฐะนั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะพะฝ ัะฐะทัััะธะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตะปัะทั ะทะฐะนัะธ ะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะธัั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั.
ะัะฐะบ, ะบัะธะทะธั ะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะตยป ััััะพะธะป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั ัะฐะทะณัะพะผะธะป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะะบัะธะฒั ัะบัะฐะป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฟะพะดะตะปะธะฒัะธัั ั ะฟะธัะตััะบะธะผะธ ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะผะธ. ะ ัะตะฟะตัั ัะธะดะธั ะธ ะฑะตะทะดะตะปัะฝะธัะฐะตั, ะฟัะพะถะธะณะฐั ัะฒะพัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ. ะ ะฑะพะธััั ะธะดัะธ ะฒ ััะด โ ััะพะฑั ะฝะต ะฟัะตะฒัะฐัะธัััั ะฒ ััะดะต ะธะท ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผะพะณะพ.
ะะฟะพะปะฝะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, ะฒ ััะด ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะฝะต ะฟััะบะฐัั ัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะปะธัะตะนัะบะธะต โ ะพะฟะฐัะฐััั ะตะณะพ ะฝะตะฐะดะตะบะฒะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฟะตัะตะบัะตััะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ ะฒัะบัะพะตััั ะปะถะธะฒะพััั ะตะณะพ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน. ะขะพ ะตััั ัะธะปะพะฒะธะบะธ ะทะฐะผะตัะฐัั ัะปะตะดั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั, ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะผะฐัะธะพะฝะตัะบะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ.
ะะพ, ััะดั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั, ะพะฝ ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะพะฑัะทะพะน ะดะปั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปั ะฒ ัะธะปะพะฒัั ััััะบัััะฐั โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฟะพะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะตะณะพ.
ะะพะถะฝะพ ะปะธ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ััะพะณะพ ะฒะพัะฐ ะธ ะฝะฐัะบะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะพััะถะดะฐัั ะปัะดะตะน? ะะพะถะฝะพ ะปะธ ััะฐะฒะธัั ะฒ ะพัะฝะพะฒั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฐัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฟะฐ? ะะพะฟัััะธะผะพ ะปะธ ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะปัะดะตะน ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฐะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฟะฐ? ะะพะฟัะพัั ัะธัะพัะธัะตัะบะธะต.
ะ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะพััะดะธั, ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะบะพะผะธัะตัั, ะะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะต ะฟะพัะฐ ะดะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฝะธั ะพัะฒะตั ะธ ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะธััะธะฝะฝัั ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัั โ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะบัััั ะฒ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะน ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ.
ะะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธะน ะะธะบัะพัะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฑัะฒัะตะน ััะฟััะณะธ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ:
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะดะพะฒะตััะป ะะฒะณะตะฝะธั, ะดะตะปะธะปัั ั ะฝะธะผ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบะธะผะธ ะฟะปะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะตะผั ัะฐะทัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะปะพะณะพัะธะฟ ะธ ัะฐะนั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะธัั ะตะต IT-ะพัะดะตะป. ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัั ั ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน, ะทะฐ ััะพ ะฟะพะปััะฐะป ะดะพััะพะนะฝัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั ะธ ะตะถะตะณะพะดะฝัะต ะฟัะตะผะธะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ัะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะตะผ ััะฟะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ััะฐะป ะฒัะทัะฒะฐัั ั ะะฒะณะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะฒะธััั. ะ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะฝ ะฝะฐัะฐะป ะฟัะพัะฒะปััั ัะฐะทะดัะฐะถะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะทะปะพะฑั ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฑะตะทััะฟะตัะฝะพ ะฒัะผะพะณะฐะป ั ะฝะตะณะพ ััะผะผั ะฒ 170 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ. ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ััะฐะป ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะปััั ัะณัะพะทั ะฒ ะฐะดัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะธ ะตะณะพ ัะตะผัะธ, ััะตะฑัั ััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ัะณัะพะถะฐั ัะฒะตััะตะผ ะธ ัะฑะธะนััะฒะพะผ. ะญัะธ ัะณัะพะทั ะฑัะปะธ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝั ะณะพะปะพัะพะฒัะผะธ ัะพะพะฑัะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟะธััะผะฐะผะธ.
15 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ะฒ ะดะพะผะต ะะฒะณะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะัะฐัะฝะพะดะฐััะบะพะผ ะบัะฐะต ะฟัะพัะตะป ะพะฑััะบ, ะฟะพัะปะต ัะตะณะพ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ัะบะพะฑั ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะฝ ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝ ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณ. ะะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธะธ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะฝะฐัะฐะป ัะตัะฝะพ ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐัั ั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ, ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัั ะธะผ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะป ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะดะพัััะฟ ะบ ะฑะฐะทะฐะผ ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะธ ะปะธัะฝัะผ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐะผ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ.
ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทัะฒะฐะป ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ั ัะตะปัั ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ ะธั ะดะตะฝะตะถะฝัั ััะตะดััะฒ, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะบะฐะฝะฐะปั Telegram ะธ YouTube.
ะะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะน ัะตะปัั ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฐะทัััะตะฝะธะต ะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะณะปะพ ะฑั ะฟัะธะฒะตััะธ ะบ ะพะณัะพะผะฝัะผ ะฟะพัะตััะผ ะดะปั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะธะผะตะป ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฝะพ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพะณะพ ะฝะต ะดะตะปะฐะป, ะฟัะตัะปะตะดัั ะปะธัะฝัะต ัะตะปะธ.
ะะพะผะผะตะฝัะฐัะธะน ะบะปะธะฝะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะฐ:
ะะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะธ ัััะตัั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะต ั ััะฐััะธะตะผ ะฒ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะต, ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ. ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะธัะฟัััะฒะฐัั ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะฟััะถะตะฝะธะต ะธะปะธ ัััะฐั ะฟะตัะตะด ะฟัะฑะปะธัะฝัะผ ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ.
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฝะต ะดะพะฒะตัััั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผะต ะธ ัะพะผะฝะตะฒะฐัััั ะฒ ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััะธ ะธ ะพะฑัะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ.
ะะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะฐั ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััั ะผะพะถะตั ะดะตะปะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะผ ะธ ะฝะตัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฒ ัะตะฑะต. ะ ัะพััะพัะฝะธะธ ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฟััะฝะตะฝะธั ะธะปะธ ะฒ ะฟะพั ะผะตะปัะต ะพะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ััะฒััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฝะตัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝัะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะธัััั ั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะธ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพัััั, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัะผะธ ั ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพะผ.
ะะปะบะพะณะพะปะธะทะผ ัะฐััะพ ัะพะฟัะพะฒะพะถะดะฐะตััั ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะธ ะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฝะตััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพัััั. ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะณ ัะพะทะดะฐัั ัะตะนะบะพะฒะพะต ะฟะธััะผะพ, ััะพะฑั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ัััะตััะฐ ะธ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฐัั ะฟัะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะฒััััะฟะฐัั ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑะพััััั, ััะพ, ะฒััััะฟะฐั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั, ะพะฝ ัะธัะบัะตั ััะฐัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ. ะ ััะปะพะฒะธัั ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝะพะน ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพััะธ ะธ ัะผะพัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฝะตััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ ััะพั ัััะฐั ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ััะธะปะตะฝ, ััะพ ะฟะพะฑัะดะธะปะพ ะตะณะพ ะธัะบะฐัั ะฟััะธ ะดะปั ัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝะธั ะพั ััะดะฐ.
ะญัะธ ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐัั ะพะฑัััะฝะธัั, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะผะพะณ ะฟัะธะฑะตะณะฝััั ะบ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะดะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะธััะผะฐ ะธ ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะฝ ะธะทะฑะตะณะฐะตั ััะฐััะธั ะฒ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะต.
“ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะธ? ะทะฐัััะพะธ?ัะธะบ “ะะ ะะฅะะฃะก” ะฒะฒะพะดะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะธั ะดะพะปััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะผ. ะ ะธัะพะณะต ะธั โะะธะทะฝะตัโ, โะะพะผัะพััโ ั ะดััะณะธั ััะพ ะพะฑััะฝัะน ัะบะพะฝะพะผ. ะะต ะฒะตัััะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐะนัะต ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธั ะะ – ะะ ะัััะพ ะะ ะกัะฐัััะต ะะ ะขะตะฟะปัะน ะดะพะผ. ะัะต ะฟะพะบะฐะถั ัะฐััะบะฐะถั – @dontcheatpeople – ัะตะปะตะณัะฐะผะผ.
What this high school senior wants adults to know about classroom phone bans
ัะธัะธ ะฐัะฑะธัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะฐั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ัะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะบะฐ ะพะฑัะฐะฑะพัะบะธ ะฟะตััะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะฐะฝะฝัั
ัะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบ ััะธััั
ัะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบ ะธะฝั ัั
ัะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฐะนั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะปะธัะฐะผ
legal support ru
ะบัะตะดะธั ัะฑะตัะฐ ะดะปั ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั
ัะฑะตั ะปะธะณะฐะป
ัะตัะฒะธั ะดะปั ััะธััะพะฒ
ะฟะพะผะพัั ะพั ัะฑะตัะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ
When my friends and I walked into homeroom on the first day of school this year, my teacher told all of us to put our phones in a black plastic box on an old desk by the classroom door.
Handing over our phones during class is an official school policy, and my teachers always make this announcement at the beginning of the school year. But teachers would usually forget about the box by third period on the first day, never to be mentioned again by the second day of school. This year, however, the policy stuck that entire first day โ and every day since.
I asked my Latin teacher why the school was suddenly getting so strict on phones. It turns out that over the summer most of the teachers had read social psychologist Jonathan Haidtโs book โThe Anxious Generation: How the Great Rewiring of Childhood Is Causing an Epidemic of Mental Illness.โ
Haidt, the Thomas Cooley Professor of Ehtical Leadership at New York University Stern School of Business, argues that a phone-based childhood leads to mentally unhealthy kids who are unprepared for life and, in my Latin teacherโs words, it โreally freaked us out.โ Teachers were serious about taking our phones now.
Itโs not just causing trouble at my school. Some 72% of public high school teachers in the United States say that cell phone distraction among their students is a major problem, according to a study published by the Pew Research Center in April. In high schools that already have cell phone policies, 60% of teachers say that the policies are very or somewhat difficult to enforce, the same study reported.
Several states have passed laws attempting to restrict cell phone use in schools, and California Gov. Gavin Newsom recently signed legislation requiring school districts to regulate cell phone use. At least seven of the 20 largest school districts in the nation have either banned phones during the school day or plan to do so.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะดัั ะพะฒัั ัะบะฐัะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะฒัะทะฒะฐัั ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะดัั ะพะฒะพะณะพ ัะบะฐัะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐัะธะฝั atlant ัะตะผะพะฝั ััะธัะฐะปัะฝัั ะผะฐัะธะฝ atlant ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั
ะัะพัั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะพะฑะผะฐะฝ ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะฐ ะะฐัะธัะตั ะะตะฒะตะปะพะฟะผะตะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฑะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพะดะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฒั ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธัะต ัะพะฒะฝัะผ ััะตัะพะผ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะพะฑะตัะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะธั ะพัะดะตะปะพะผ ะฟัะพะดะฐะถ. ะะพัะผะพััะธัะต ะพัะทัะฒั ัะตะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัะตะปะตะน ะธั ะะ ะ ะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะธั ะปะฐะนั ะพะฑะตัะฐะปะธ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะบะปะฐัั ะธ ะตััั ะบััะฐ ะฑัะพััั, ะฑัะบะปะตัะพะฒ, ะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ััะพ ะะ ัะบะพะฝะพะผ ะบะปะฐััะฐ. ะัะปะธ ะตััั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะฐััะผะพััะธัะต ะตะต! @dontcheatpeople – ัะตะปะตะณัะฐะผะผ.
ะะ ะัััะพ ะะ ะขะตะฟะปัะน ะดะพะผ ะะ ะกัะฐัััะต ััะธ ะถะบ ะทะฐัััะพะนัะธะบะฐ ะะฐัะธัะตั ะดะตะฒะตะปะพะฟะผะตะฝั
ะบะพัะพััะน ะฒะฒะพะดะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะธั ะดะพะปััะธะบะพะฒ, ะฝะตะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ัััะพะธั ะธ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั ััััะฐะฝััั ะทะฐะผะตัะฐะฝะธั: ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั ะพะฝ ััะตัะธะฝั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะต ะทะฐะดะตะปัะฒะฐะตั ัะบะพััะตะผ. ะัะต ะฟะพะบะฐะถั ัะฐััะบะฐะถั – @dontcheatpeople – ัะตะปะตะณัะฐะผะผ.
ะะพะปะตะทะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธั ะฑััััะพะณะพ ะทะฐะณะพะฝะฐ ัััะปะพะบ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะฒ ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธั ะฟะพะธัะบะพะฒะพะน ัะธััะตะผั – ะธะฝะดะตะบัะฐัะธั ะฒ ะณัะณะป
Auction house withdraws shrunken heads and other human remains from sale following outcry
ะบะฐะบะธะต ะฝะฐะดะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั ะดะปั ัะฐะทะฒะพะดะฐ ัะตัะตะท ะทะฐะณั
ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั ะบะฐััะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฒ ะฐัะฑะธััะฐะถะฝะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะต ัะตะผ ััะพ ะพะฑะถะฐะปััััั
ัะฐะทะฒะพะด ะฑะตะท ะดะตัะตะน ัะตัะตะท ะทะฐะณั
ะฟะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะบ ัะฐะทะฒะพะดั
ััะปัะณะธ ััะธััะฐ ะฟะพ ะบัะตะดะธัะฐะผ
ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะฒะพะด ัะตัะตะท ะทะฐะณั ะฑะตะท ะดะตัะตะน
ัะฑะตั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ััะพ ััะพ
ัะฐะทะฒะพะด ัะตัะตะท ะทะฐะณั ะฟะพ ะพะฑะพัะดะฝะพะผั ัะพะณะปะฐัะธั ััะพะบะธ
ะณะดะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะณะพัะฟะพัะปะธะฝั ะทะฐ ัะฐะทะฒะพะด ัะตัะตะท ะผะธัะพะฒะพะน ััะด
ััะธัั ะฟะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผั ะฟัะฐะฒั
An auction house in England has withdrawn human remains, including shrunken heads and ancestral skulls, from sale following an outcry.
The Swan auction house in Tetsworth, Oxfordshire withdrew more than two dozen lots from an upcoming auction titled โThe Curious Collector Sale,โ including an 18th-century Tsantsa shrunken head, which was expected to fetch ?20,000-?25,000 ($26,000-$33,000) and was previously owned by Hugh Hefner, founder of Playboy magazine.
Other withdrawn lots include an ancestral skull from the Solomon Islands, another from the Fon tribe in Benin and a double ancestor skull from Congo.
The planned sale of another piece, described as a 19th-century horned Naga human skull, drew criticism from Neiphiu Rio, Chief Minister of the Indian state of Nagaland.
Rio wrote to Indiaโs External Affairs Minister, S. Jaishankar, asking him to intervene โto ensure that the auction of the human remains of our people is halted.โ
In his letter, Rio said he had been informed about the auction by the Forum for Naga Reconciliation (FNR), a grouping of organizations that works to reconcile different Naga political groups, some of which have engaged in armed struggle for independence from India in recent decades.
In its letter to Rio, the FNR said it โcondemns this inhumane and violent practice where indigenous ancestral human remains continue to be collectorโs items.โ
โSuch auctions continue the policy of dehumanization and colonial violence on the Naga people,โ it added.
Another of those to criticize the planned sale was Laura Van Broekhoven, director of the Pitt Rivers Museum, which is part of the University of Oxford.
โPlease, immediately pull from tomorrowโs auction the human and ancestral remains of Naga, Shuar, Dayak, Kota, Fon, Vili people and other communities in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Nigeria, Congo, Ecuador, Nagaland, Benin,โ she wrote in a post on X on Tuesday.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะพัะพะฒัั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฝะพััะฑัะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะ ะะคะะกะกะะะะะะฌะะะฏ ะฎะ ะะะะงะะกะะะฏ ะะะะะฉะฌ
ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะพ ะพ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐั ะดะปั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทั ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะต
ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะฐั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ
ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะฐ ะฒ ััััะผะต
ัะฟะพัั ั ะณะพัะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ
ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต
ััะพะธะผะพััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฟะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะดะตะปะฐะผ
ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพััะปะพะบ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะธัั ะพััะถะดะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ัะตะถะธะผะฐ ะฒ ะณะพะด
ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ััะดะต ัะตะฝะฐ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะฐ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ัะดะตะปะบะธ
ะฝะตัััะพะนะบะธ ะฟะพ ะดะดั
ะะะะะะะขะกะะะ ะะฎะ ะ MOSCOW LEGAL
ะะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะต ะฑััะพ (ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ) Moscow legalย โ ััะพ ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะธย ััะธััั ะฒััะพัะฐะนัะตะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะธ ัย ะฑะตะทัะฟัะตัะฝะพะน ัะตะฟััะฐัะธะตะน, ะณะพัะพะฒัะต ะบย ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะปัะฑัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ ะฒย ัะฐะผะบะฐั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะพะณะพ ะฟะพะปั. ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั ััะฑััะพ ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒัั, ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัั ะธย ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ัะธะทะปะธัะฐะผ ะธย ะฑะธะทะฝะตัั ะฒย ะะพัะบะฒะต, ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะธย ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐั . ะะฐัะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะฐั ะบะพะฝัะพัะฐ, ะฒย ะพัะปะธัะธะต ะพัย ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะฐ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะะพัะบะฒั, ะธะผะตะตั ะฒย ัะฒะพะตะผ ััะฐัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ัย ัะทะบะพะน ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะฐัะธะตะน ะฝะฐย ะพัะดะตะปัะฝัั ะพััะฐัะปัั ััะธัะฟััะดะตะฝัะธะธ.
ะะพัะบะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ, ะพะฟัั ะธย ะพะฑัะธัะฝะฐั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะฐั ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ััะธััะฐะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะดะพะฑะธะฒะฐัััั ะฟะพะปะพะถะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐ ะฒย ัะฐะผัั ัะปะพะถะฝัั ะดะตะปะฐั . ะัย ัะผะตะตะผ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ, ัะฑะตะดะธัััั ะฒย ััะพะผ ะฒัย ะผะพะถะตัะต, ะธะทััะธะฒ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะฟะธัะตะผ, ะณัะฐะผะพั ะธย ะพัะทัะฒะพะฒ ะฝะฐัะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ. ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะฒย ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะพะต ะฑััะพ Moscow legal ะฒัย ะผะพะถะตัะต ัะฐัััะธััะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐย ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒย ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะธย ะฟะพะปะฝัั ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ.
ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ โ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั, ััะปัะณะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต
ะทะฐะณั ะฐะดัะตัะฐ
ัะฒัะธะณ ะผะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ
ัะตััะธัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ะพัะดะตะป ะทะฐะณั
ัะฒัะธะณ ะฒะปะฐะดะธะผะธั
ัะฒัะธะณ ัะฐั ะฐัะพะฒะพ
ัะฟะตัะฟัะธะตะผะฝะธะบ ะตะณะพััะตะฒัะบ ะดะปั ะผะธะณัะฐะฝัะพะฒ
ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะผั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒั
ะพััะถะดะตะฝะธะต ัะฐะฝะตะต ััะดะพะผ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท ััะฟััะณะพะฒ ะบ ะปะธัะตะฝะธั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั ะฝะฐ ััะพะบ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะตั ะปะตั
ัะฒัะธะณ ะฟะตัะผั
ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐััะบะธั ะฟะฐะปะฐั ะฒ ัั
ะะตะท ะฟะฐะฝะธะบะธ! ะฃ ะฒะฐั ัะปะพะถะธะปะฐัั ัััะดะฝะฐั ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั? ะะพะทะฝะธะบะปะฐ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผะฐ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ? ะัะถะฝะฐ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะฐั ะฟะพะผะพัั? ะะต ะฟะฐะฝะธะบัะนัะต, ะผั ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ะฒะฐะผ ัะฐะทะพะฑัะฐัััั! ะก ะฟะพะผะพััั ะฝะฐัะตะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ, ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ัะฒัะทะฐัััั ั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะธ ััะธััะฐะผะธ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะธะปะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะดััะณะพะผ ะณะพัะพะดะต, ะฟะพะปััะธัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐัะธั ะฟะพ ััะพัะฝัะผ ะฒะพะฟัะพัะฐะผ, ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะดั ะธะท ะดะพะผะฐ.
ะะพะผะฝะธัะต! ะัะปะธ ั ะฒะฐั ัะปะพะถะธะปะฐัั ัััะดะฝะฐั ะธะปะธ ัะฟะพัะฝะฐั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะฐั ัะธััะฐัะธั, ะตัะปะธ ะฒั ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตัะต, ััะพ ะฝะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปัะตัะตัั ัะฐะผะธ, ะปัััะต ะบะฐะบ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะฐะฝััะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะทะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐะฒ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะตะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟัะธััะฝัั ะฟะพัะปะตะดััะฒะธะน. ะงะฐััะพ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดะตะปะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒ ะดะฐะปัะฝะตะนัะตะผ ะผะตัะฐะตั ัะฐะฑะพัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐะด ะดะตะปะพะผ.
ะะพะผะพัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะธะทะฑะฐะฒะธั ะฒะฐั ะพั ะปะธัะฝะธั ะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ััะบะพะฝะพะผะธั ะฒะฐัะต ะฒัะตะผั ะธ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะธะทะฑะตะถะฐัั ะฟะพัะปะตะดัััะธั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะทะฐััะฐั. ะัะพะผะต ัะพะณะพ, ะฒ ัะฐะบะธั ัะปััะฐัั , ะบะฐะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะฟัะตัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะทะฐัะธัะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะฐะฑัะพะปััะฝะพ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะฐ.
ะ ะะพะปะปะตะณะธะธ
ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะฐั ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ โ ััะพ ะฝะตะบะพะผะผะตััะตัะบะฐั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะดะปะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบัั ะฟะพะผะพัั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ ะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผ. ะ ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะฒัะต ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััั ั ะฒัััะธะผ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ; ะฝะฐัะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะธ ััะฐัััะฐ, ะฒัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ัะปะพะถะฝัะน ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธะบะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะน ัะบะทะฐะผะตะฝ, ะธะผะตัั ะฒะฝััะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะพะฟัั ะธ ััะฟะตัะฝัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะปะตัะฝัั ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบั. ะ ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธะธ ัะปัะถะฐั ะบะฐะบ ััะดะพะฒัะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะทะฐัะปัะถะตะฝะฝัะต, ะธะผะตััะธะต ััะฐััั ยซะะพัะตัะฝัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะ ะพััะธะธยป.
ะะฐะถะดัะน ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐั ะฝะฐัะตะน ะะพัะบะพะฒัะบะพะน ะบะพะปะปะตะณะธะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะฟัะธะฝะพัะธะป ะฟัะธััะณั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ. ะะปั ะฝะฐั ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟัะพััะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐ: ยซะขะพัะถะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะบะปัะฝััั ัะตััะฝะพ ะธ ะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝััั ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ, ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ, ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั ะธ ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปะตะน, ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒัััั ะะพะฝััะธัััะธะตะน ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะผ ะธ ะบะพะดะตะบัะพะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะน ััะธะบะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐยป.
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะผะพะฝะพะฑะปะพะบะพะฒ iMac ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ imac
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผัะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธั ัะตะฝััั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะพะปะตะทะฝะฐั ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะัะต ััะพ ะฒั ั ะพัะต ะทะฝะฐัั ะพะฑ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตัะต ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธั
ะั ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝััะฒัะตะผ ะฝะฐัะธ ััะปัะณะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะธั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ัะดะพะฑะฝัะผะธ ะธ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัะผะธ ะดะปั ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐ. ะะฐัะฐ ัะตะปั โ ะฟะพะผะพัั ะฒะฐะผ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฝะฐะธะฑะพะปะตะต ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะน ะผะธะบัะพะทะฐะนะผ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ัะตัะธัั ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะต ะฒะพะฟัะพัั ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะฑะตะท ะปะธัะฝะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ.
ะผะธะบัะพะบัะตะดะธั ะบะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝ ะผะธะบัะพะทะฐะนะผั .
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะต ัะตะฝััั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะฟะตัะผะธ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะผะฝะพะณะพะปะตัะฝะตะผั ะพะฟััั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ััะตัะต ะผะธะบัะพัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ, ะบะฐะบะธะต ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะปัััะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดัั ะดะปั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะธััะฐัะธะน. ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ัะธัะพะบะธะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะบัะตะดะธัะฝัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัััั ัะฐะผัะต ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะฟะพััะตะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐัะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะพั ะบัะฐัะบะพััะพัะฝัั ะทะฐะนะผะพะฒ ะดะพ ะดะพะปะณะพััะพัะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ั ะณะธะฑะบะธะผะธ ััะปะพะฒะธัะผะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐ.
ะผะธะบัะพ ะทะฐะนะผั ะผะธะบัะพะบัะตะดะธั ะบะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝ .
ะะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธะป ัะบัะฐะฝ ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ ะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปัั ะฒ ััะพั ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั. ะ ะตะฑััะฐ ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพัะธะฝะธะปะธ ััััะพะนััะฒะพ, ัะตะฟะตัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะพะฒัะน. ะัะตะฝั ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัั ะพะฑัะฐัะธัััั ะบ ะฝะธะผ ะทะฐ ะฟะพะผะพััั. ะะพั ัััะปะบะฐ ะฝะฐ ะธั ัะฐะนั: ะพะฑะพะธ ะฝะฐ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ.
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ะฟะพัะธะฝะบะฐ ัะบัะตะฝ ะบะฐะผะตั avs ะฒัะตะทะดะฝะพะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะบัะตะฝ ะบะฐะผะตั avs
ะงัะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะฒัะธะณััะฒะฐัั, ัะบะฐัะฐะนัะต ะปะตะณะฐะปัะฝัะต ะะ ะธ ะฝะฐัะฝะธัะต ะดะตะปะฐัั ััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฟะพัั ะฟััะผะพ ั ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะพะฒ ะธ ะฝะพััะฑัะบะพะฒ ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั macbook air ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะพะฒ
ะฅะพัั ะฟะพะดะตะปะธัััั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะพะฟััะพะผ ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝะฐ ะฒ ััะพะผ ัะตัะฒะธัะฝะพะผ ัะตะฝััะต. ะััะฐะปัั ะพัะตะฝั ะดะพะฒะพะปะตะฝ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะธ ัะบะพัะพัััั ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะัะปะธ ะธัะตัะต ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝะพะต ะผะตััะพ ะดะปั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะตัั ััะดะฐ: ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ะฝะฐ ัะตะผะพะฝัะต.
A giant meteorite boiled the oceans 3.2 billion years ago. Scientists say it was a โfertilizer bombโ for life
ะถะตััะบะพะต ััััะบะพะต ะฟะพัะฝะพ
A massive space rock, estimated to be the size of four Mount Everests, slammed into Earth more than 3 billion years ago โ and the impact could have been unexpectedly beneficial for the earliest forms of life on our planet, according to new research.
Typically, when a large space rock crashes into Earth, the impacts are associated with catastrophic devastation, as in the case of the demise of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, when a roughly 6.2-mile-wide (10-kilometer) asteroid crashed off the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula in whatโs now Mexico.
But Earth was young and a very different place when the S2 meteorite, estimated to have 50 to 200 times more mass than the dinosaur extinction-triggering Chicxulub asteroid, collided with the planet 3.26 billion years ago, according to Nadja Drabon, assistant professor of Earth and planetary sciences at Harvard University. She is also lead author of a new study describing the S2 impact and what followed in its aftermath that published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
โNo complex life had formed yet, and only single-celled life was present in the form of bacteria and archaea,โ Drabon wrote in an email. โThe oceans likely contained some life, but not as much as today in part due to a lack of nutrients. Some people even describe the Archean oceans as โbiological deserts.โ The Archean Earth was a water world with few islands sticking out. It would have been a curious sight, as the oceans were probably green in color from iron-rich deep waters.โ
When the S2 meteorite hit, global chaos ensued โ but the impact also stirred up ingredients that might have enriched bacterial life, Drabon said. The new findings could change the way scientists understand how Earth and its fledgling life responded to bombardment from space rocks not long after the planet formed.
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะธััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะตะบะฑ
The mysterious symbols found carved in Qatarโs desert
ะฟะพัะฝะพ ะถะตััะบะธะน ัะตะบั
Some shoot out of the soft rock like reptiles bathing in the sun. Others are mysterious depressions resembling an ancient board game played all over the world. And a few are straight-up puzzling.
On a desolate and windswept corner of Qatarโs northeastern coast, among the sand dunes of the barren desert, lies Al Jassasiya, the Gulf countryโs largest and most important rock art site.
Here, people centuries ago used a series of low-lying limestone outcrops as a canvas on which they carved symbols, motifs and objects that they observed in their environment.
Overall, archaeologists have found a total of some 900 rock carvings, or โpetroglyphs,โ at Al Jassasiya. They are mostly enigmatic cup marks arranged in various patterns, including rows and rosettes, but also eye-catching representations of sailing ships, usually seen from above but also depicted in linear profile, among other symbols and signs.
โAlthough rock art is common in the Arabian Peninsula, some of the carvings in Al Jassasiya are unique and cannot be found anywhere else,โ Ferhan Sakal, head of excavation and site management at Qatar Museums, told CNN, referring to the petroglyphs of ships seen from a birdโs-eye view.
โThese carvings represent a high degree of creativity and observation skills the part of] the artists who made them,โ he said. โAlso abstract thinking, as they were not able to see the dhow (a traditional ship) from above.โ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะณะดะต ะพััะตะผะพะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะปะพะผะฐะฝัั ัะตั ะฝะธะบั, ะพะฑัะฐัะธัะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต – ัะตั ะฟัะพัะธ
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ะะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐั: ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะพะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ
ะฒะทััั ะฒ ะฐัะตะฝะดั ัะทะธ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐั
ะฃะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒะฐั ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะฐ (ะฃะะ) ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะตั ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ะฒะตะดััะธั ะผะตัั ััะตะดะธ ะผะตัะพะดะพะฒ ะธััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒ ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะตะน ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ, ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะฒะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะพััััััะฒะธั ะธะฝะฒะฐะทะธะฒะฝะพััะธ. ะัะธ ะฒัะฑะพัะต ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ ะดะปั ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ัััะตะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ััะธััะฒะฐัั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปััะตะฒัั ะฐัะฟะตะบัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพะผะพะณัั ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต. ะ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะพ ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ, ะฝะฐ ััะพ ะพะฑัะฐัะธัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฒั ะฟะปะฐะฝะธััะตัะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐั.
ะขะธะฟั ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ
ะะตัะฒัะน ัะฐะณ ะฟัะธ ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะต ัะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ โ ััะพ ะฒัะฑะพั ัะธะฟะฐ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฑัะดะตั ะฝะฐะธะปัััะธะผ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะผ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะฝะพัััะผ ะฒะฐัะตะน ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะธ. ะกััะตััะฒััั ัะปะตะดัััะธะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะธ ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ
ะะพะบัะฟะบะฐ ะฃะะ-ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ โ ััะพ ัะตััะตะทะฝะพะต ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ััะตะฑัะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ะธ ะฐะฝะฐะปะธะทะฐ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะฐ ัะฐะบัะพัะพะฒ. ะัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะฒััะธัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ, ัะปัััะธัั ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะฐัะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะธ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพััั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝัะบะพะณะพ ัััะตะถะดะตะฝะธั. ะะตัะตะด ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะพะน ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดัะตััั ััะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะทััะธัั ััะฝะพะบ, ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะธัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะน ะบะปะธะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฑัะดะตั ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ ะธ ะฑัะดะถะตัั.
ะญะบะพะฝะพะผััะต ะฝะฐ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะบะต ั ััะปัะณะพะน ะฟะพะฟััะฝะพะณะพ ะณััะทะฐ ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ ะดะปั ะผะตะถะดัะณะพัะพะดะฝะตะน ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั Apple iPhone ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ะผะฐััะตั ัะตะผะพะฝัะฐ apple
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะพะปััะธัะต ะฑะพะฝััั, ะฟัะพััะพ 888starz apk ios ัะบะฐัะฐัั
ะะฐะบัััะบะฐ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธั ัะฐะบัะพัะพะฒ
ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผะฐ ะดะปั ะฝะฐะบัััะบะธ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธั
ะัะปะธ ัั ะบะพะณะดะฐ-ะฝะธะฑัะดั ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐะปัั, ะฟะพัะตะผั ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะณะดะต-ัะพ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะดะฒะพัะบะฐั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ, ะฐ ะฝะต ัะธัะตั ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ัััะฐะฝะธัะต, ัะพ ัั ะฟะพ ะฐะดัะตัั. ะกะตะณะพะดะฝั ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐัะบัััะธัั ัะฐะนั ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google, ะธ ััะพ ะทะฐ ะทะฐะณะฐะดะพัะฝัะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั ะฒัะต ะพะฑััะถะดะฐัั. ะะพะตั ะฐะปะธ!
ะงะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google?
ะะฐะฒะฐะน ะฝะฐัะฝะตะผ ั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะธ Google โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ะดะฒะฐ ัะฐะทะฝัั ะผะธัะฐ ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐะผะธ ะธะณัั. ะัะตะดััะฐะฒั, ััะพ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒ ัััะฑะพะป ะธ ะฒ ะฐะผะตัะธะบะฐะฝัะบะธะน ัััะฑะพะป: ะผัั ะฒัะพะดะต ะตััั, ะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ัะฐะทะฝัะต.
1. ะ ะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพัะตะฝั ะปัะฑะธั ะปะพะบะฐะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝัะตะฝั. ะัะปะธ ัั ะฒ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะต, ัะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฟะพะบะฐะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ัะฐะนัั ะธะท ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบะฐ.
Google ะฑะพะปะตะต ะณะปะพะฑะฐะปะตะฝ ะธ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ัะธะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐัะธะบะปะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ.
2. ะะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ัะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒััั ั ัะฒะพะธะผ ัะฐะนัะพะผ: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะธ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดัั, ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัััะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะพัะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะธ ั.ะด.
Google ัะพะถะต ัะผะพััะธั ะฝะฐ ััะพ, ะฝะพ ะฝะต ะฝะฐััะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะฝะฐัะธัะฝะพ.
3. ะกััะปะพัะฝะพะต ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒั ัััะปะพะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ัะตะฝะธั ะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
Google ะปัะฑะธั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั ัััะปะฐัััั ะฒัะต ะธ ะฒัั, ะฝะพ ัะพะถะต ัะตะฝะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
4. ะะฝะฐะปะธะท ะบะพะฝัะตะฝัะฐ
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ัะดะตะปัะตั ะฑะพะปััะต ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธั ะผะพััะพะปะพะณะธะธ ััััะบะพะณะพ ัะทัะบะฐ ะธ ะปัััะต ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐะตั ัะปะพะถะฝัะต ะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะธ.
Google ะผะพะถะตั ะธะฝะพะณะดะฐ ยซัะฟะพััะบะฐััััยป ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัะธั ะฟะฐะดะตะถะฐั ะธ ัะบะปะพะฝะตะฝะธัั .
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั?
ะ ัะตะฟะตัั ะบ ะทะฐะณะฐะดะพัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผ. ะญัะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะฒะตะดะตั ัะตะฑั ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะผ ัะฒะธะดะฐะฝะธะธ ั ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะผ. ะัะปะธ ะฒัะต ะบัััะพ โ ะฑัะดะตั ะฒัะพัะพะต ัะฒะธะดะฐะฝะธะต (ะธ ั ะพัะพัะธะต ะฟะพะทะธัะธะธ ะฒ ะฒัะดะฐัะต).
ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั:
ะัะตะผั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัััะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะฐะนัะต.
ะะปัะฑะธะฝะฐ ะฟัะพัะผะพััะฐ: ัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัััะฐะฝะธั ะพะฝ ะฟะพัะผะพััะตะป.
ะะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปั ะพัะบะฐะทะพะฒ: ััะตะป ะปะธ ะพะฝ ััะฐะทั ะธะปะธ ะทะฐะดะตัะถะฐะปัั.
ะะพะทะฒัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนั: ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฐัััั ะปะธ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ัะฝะพะฒะฐ.
SEO Agency
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In the vast and boundless realm of the digital cosmos, where every business, great or modest, doth strive for recognition amidst the celestial constellations of the internet, there exists a beaconโa company of noble purpose and profound wisdom. This is the tale of such an enterprise, an SEO company that, like a masterful alchemist, transmutes the ordinary into the extraordinary, guiding both small ventures and mighty corporations toward the zenith of their potential.
SEO for Your Business
Imagine, if you will, a humble merchant, whose wares, though crafted with utmost care and unparalleled quality, remain unseen by the wandering eyes of the multitude. Beside him stands a titan of industry, whose name echoes through the corridors of commerce, yet seeks to ascend even higher, to realms unexplored. Both stand upon the shores of the vast digital sea, gazing toward the horizon, yearning for a guide to navigate the treacherous waters that lie ahead.
Enter the SEO company, a sage of the digital age, whose knowledge penetrates the very fabric of the internetโs intricate tapestry. With wisdom gleaned from years of toil and triumph, they approach the merchant and the titan alike, offering not mere services, but a partnership forged in mutual aspiration.
Link Building Services
]link building services
Hey there, future SEO rockstar! Ready to skyrocket your business to new heights? Letโs dive into the exciting world of link building services that can seriously amp up your online presence. Whether youโre just starting out or looking to boost your existing strategy, weโve got the lowdown on the coolest methods out thereโthink crowd marketing, guest posting, PBNs, and more!
Why Link Building is Your New Best Friend
First things first: why should you care about link building? Well, in the digital universe, backlinks are like high-fives from other websites telling search engines, โHey, this site is pretty cool!โ The more quality high-fives you get, the more popular you become in the eyes of Google and friends. And you know what that meansโhigher rankings, more traffic, and a whole lot of new customers knocking on your virtual door.
Guest Posting: Share Your Voice with the World
Imagine getting to share your ideas on someone else’s platform and gaining their audience’s trust. That’s guest posting in a nutshell! You create killer content for other websites in your niche, and in return, you get a sweet backlink to your site. Why It’s Cool: You tap into new audiences, build your brand’s credibility, and boost your SEO. Pro Tip: Make sure your content is top-notch and adds real value. No one likes fluff!
Crowd Marketing: Join the Conversation
Crowd marketing is all about jumping into online communitiesโforums, social media groups, you name itโand sharing your wisdom. It’s not about shameless plugs; it’s about being genuinely helpful. Why It’s Cool: You build relationships, establish yourself as an expert, and earn organic backlinks. Pro Tip: Be authentic. People can spot a fake from a mile away.
SEO Expert
Hey there, digital trailblazer! Ever wondered how some websites just seem to magically appear at the top of your search results? Spoiler alert: itโs not magicโitโs the incredible work of SEO experts! These wizards of the web are the unsung heroes helping businesses shine online. Ready to dive into their world and see how they can catapult your business to new heights? Letโs go!
local seo expert
SEO (Search Engine Optimization) experts are like the navigators of the digital seas. They chart the course for websites to reach the coveted top spots on search engines like Google. Hereโs how they make the magic happen:
Optimize Websites: They tweak and tune websites to be search-engine-friendly.
Analyze Data: Using analytics, they uncover whatโs working and whatโs not.
Strategize Content: Crafting content that resonates with both humans and algorithms.
Build Links: Connecting your site with others to boost credibility.
Stay Updated: Algorithms change, and so do their strategies.
In a nutshell, they help businesses get found by the right people at the right time.
Site Analysis: The Detective Work of SEO
Imagine youโre opening a new cafe. Before the grand opening, youโd want to make sure everythingโs perfect, right? Similarly, SEO experts perform a site analysis to ensure your website is in tip-top shape.
Live Example: The Case of โJoeโs Fitness Hubโ
Joeโs Fitness Hub wasnโt getting much traffic despite having great content. An SEO expert stepped in to analyze the site and discovered:
Slow Loading Pages: Images werenโt optimized.
Broken Links: Some pages led to 404 errors.
Poor Mobile Experience: The site wasnโt mobile-friendly.
By identifying these issues, they set the stage for a major turnaround.
ะ ะฐัะบัััะบะฐ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต
ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพะดะฒะธะถะตะฝะธั ัะฐะนัะฐ ะฒ ัะพะฟ
ะัะปะธ ะฒั ั ะพัะธัะต ะฟะพะบะพัะธัั ะฟัะพััะพัั ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตัะฐ ะธ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ัะฐะนั ะทะฐะผะตัะฝัะผ ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะพ ะฒั ะฟะพะฟะฐะปะธ ะฟะพ ะฐะดัะตัั. ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐัะบัััะธัั ัะฐะนั ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต, ัะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google, ะธ ััะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั. ะัะธััะตะณะฝะธัะต ัะตะผะฝะธ, ะฑัะดะตั ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฝะพ!
ะงะตะผ SEO ะดะปั ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะฐ ะพัะปะธัะฐะตััั ะพั Google?
ะัะฐะบ, ะฒั, ะฝะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะดัะผะฐะตัะต: ยซSEO ะตััั SEO, ะบะฐะบะฐั ัะฐะทะฝะธัะฐ?ยป ะะพ ะฝะตั! ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะธ Google โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะทะฝัะต ะฒัะตะปะตะฝะฝัะต ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะฐะผะธ ะธะณัั.
1. ะะปะณะพัะธัะผั ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปััะต ะพัะธะตะฝัะธััะตััั ะฝะฐ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััั. ะัะปะธ ะฒะฐั ะฑะธะทะฝะตั ะฒ ะะพัะบะฒะต, ัะพ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฟะพะบะฐะถะตั ะฒะฐั ัะฐะนั ะผะพัะบะฒะธัะฐะผ ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัั ะพัะตัะตะดั.
Google ะฑะพะปััะต ะณะปะพะฑะฐะปะตะฝ ะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะตั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะผะตะถะดัะฝะฐัะพะดะฝัะต ัะฐะบัะพัั.
2. ะะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะต ัะฐะบัะพัั
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะพัะตะฝั ัะตััะตะทะฝะพ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะฟะพะฒะตะดะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผ. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะดะตะนััะฒััั ั ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะนัะพะผ.
Google ัะพะถะต ััะธััะฒะฐะตั ััะพ, ะฝะพ ะฒ ะผะตะฝััะตะน ััะตะฟะตะฝะธ.
3. ะฃัะตั ัััะปะพะบ
ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะบะตะฟัะธัะตัะบะธ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒั ะฒะฝะตัะฝะธั ัััะปะพะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปััะต ัะตะฝะธั ะธั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ.
Google ะปัะฑะธั, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะฐั ัะฐะนั ัััะปะฐัััั ะดััะณะธะต ัะตััััั, ะธ ััะธััะฒะฐะตั ััะพ ะฟัะธ ัะฐะฝะถะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ.
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะตะผะพะฝั sony cyber-shot dsc-h10 ัะตะฝั ัะตะผะพะฝั sony cyber-shot dsc-h10
ะัะพะดะฒะธะฝััั ัะฐะนั ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบัะต ะผะพะถะฝะพ ั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะบัััะพะผ ะฝะฐะบัััะบะธ ะะค ะดะปั SEO.
ะะฐัะณะพ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั: ะัะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะทะฝะฐัั ะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐั
ะณััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะธะท ะบะธัะฐั ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒั ัะตะฝะฐ
ะะธัะฐะน ะพััะฐะตััั ะพะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะธั ะผะธัะพะฒัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน ะธ ัะบัะฟะพััะตัะพะฒ, ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐั ะพะณัะพะผะฝัะน ะฐััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะดะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะผะธัั. ะะฐัะณะพ-ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั ััะฐะปะธ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะพะผ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะธ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ะพะฟัะธะผะฐะปัะฝัะผ ััะพะบะฐะผ, ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะน ััะพะธะผะพััะธ ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฟัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะปัะฑัะต ะฒะธะดั ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ. ะ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ััะฐััะต ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ, ััะพ ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ัะพะฑะพะน ะบะฐัะณะพ-ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั, ะบะฐะบะธะต ััะฐะฟั ะพะฝะฐ ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั, ะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะพะฑัะฐัะธัั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะธ ะตะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ.
ะงัะพ ัะฐะบะพะต ะบะฐัะณะพ-ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั?
ะะฐัะณะพ-ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ โ ััะพ ััะปัะณะฐ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะบะธ ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะธะท ะพะดะฝะพะน ัััะฐะฝั ะฒ ะดััะณัั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะผั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบั ะดะพะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ััะปัะณ. ะญัะพ ะผะพะณัั ะฑััั ัะบะปะฐะดัะบะธะต ััะปัะณะธ, ัะฟะฐะบะพะฒะบะฐ, ะผะฐัะบะธัะพะฒะบะฐ, ัะฐะผะพะถะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะดะพ ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะฝะบัะฐ ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะธั. ะะฐัะณะพ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะผะฐะปัะผ ะธ ััะตะดะฝะธะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะบัะฟะฐัั ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะธัั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธั ะฑะตะท ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ัะปะพะถะฝัั ะบะพะฝััะฐะบัะพะฒ ะธ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒะพะฟัะพัะพะฒ ะปะพะณะธััะธะบะธ.
ะะฐัะณะพ-ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั โ ััะพ ัะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะธ ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะตัะบะธ ะฒัะณะพะดะฝัะน ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ััะฐะฝัะฟะพััะธัะพะฒะบะธ ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะดะปั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะปัะฑะพะณะพ ะผะฐัััะฐะฑะฐ. ะะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ-ะบะพะฝัะพะปะธะดะฐัะพัั ะฑะตััั ะฝะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฒัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะพะฝะฝัะต ะฒะพะฟัะพัั, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ัะพััะตะดะพัะพัะธัััั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะธ ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ. ะัะธ ะฒัะฑะพัะต ะบะฐัะณะพ-ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ััะธััะฒะฐัั ัะตะฟััะฐัะธั, ััะปะพะฒะธั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผัะน ัะฟะตะบัั ััะปัะณ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัั ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝัั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ.
ะะฐัะณะพ ะธะท ะะธัะฐั โ ััะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐะปะฐะดะธัั ะฑะตัะฟะตัะตะฑะพะนะฝัะต ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะธ, ะพะฟัะธะผะธะทะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะปะพะณะธััะธะบั ะธ ัะฒะตะปะธัะธัั ะฐััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะธ, ะดะพัััะฟะฝะพะน ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะธั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ.
ะ ะตะผะพะฝั ัะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒัั ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ: ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั
ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะทะธ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะพะฒ
ะฃะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒัะต ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัั (ะฃะะ) ะธะณัะฐัั ะบะปััะตะฒัั ัะพะปั ะฒ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะน ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธัะตัะบะพะน ะผะตะดะธัะธะฝะต. ะะฝะธ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปััั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ัะพัะฝัั ะธ ะฑัััััั ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัั ะทะฐะฑะพะปะตะฒะฐะฝะธะน, ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐะตั ะธั ะฝะตะทะฐะผะตะฝะธะผัะผะธ ะดะปั ะบะปะธะฝะธะบ ะธ ะฑะพะปัะฝะธั. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ะปัะฑะฐั ัะปะพะถะฝะฐั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะฐ, ัะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒัะต ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัั ะผะพะณัั ะฒัั ะพะดะธัั ะธะท ัััะพั. ะ ัะฐะบะธั ัะปััะฐัั ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฃะะ-ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐะตั ะดะฐะปัะฝะตะนััั ะฝะฐะดะตะถะฝัั ะธ ัะพัะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ.
ะฃะปัััะฐะทะฒัะบะพะฒัะต ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัั โ ััะพ ัะปะพะถะฝะฐั ัะตั ะฝะธะบะฐ, ััะตะฑัััะฐั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะฐ ะฟัะธ ัะตะผะพะฝัะต ะธ ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะธ. ะงัะพะฑั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะดะพะปะณะธะน ััะพะบ ัะปัะถะฑั ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะธ ะฒััะพะบัั ัะพัะฝะพััั ะดะธะฐะณะฝะพััะธะบะธ, ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ัะฒะพะตะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฟัะพัะธะปะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะพะต ะพะฑัะปัะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะฐัััั ะบ ะบะฒะฐะปะธัะธัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธััะฐะผ ะฟัะธ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฝะพะฒะตะฝะธะธ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผ. ะะฐะดะตะถะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ัะตัะธั ะฒัะต ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะฝะพ ะธ ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธั ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ะดะฐะปัะฝะตะนัะตะผ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฑะตะท ัะฑะพะตะฒ.
ะะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะป ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะพัะธะฑะธัััั
ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ .
ะัััะธะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะผัะณะบัั ะผะตะฑะตะปั ะดะปั ะดะพะผะฐ: ะปัััะธะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ|ะะฐะบ ะฟะตัะตััะฝััั ะผัะณะบัั ะผะตะฑะตะปั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ััะบะฐะผะธ: ะฟัะพัััะต ัะฐะณะธ|ะกะตะบัะตัั ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปะพะฒ: ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะขะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ: ะบะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพ|ะฆะตะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบั ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ ะฒ ะฒะฐัะตะผ ะณะพัะพะดะต|ะะฐะบ ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะปัััะตะณะพ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะต ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะขะฒะพััะตัะบะธะต ะฟะพะดั ะพะดั ะบ ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะต ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะตะพะฑััะฝัะต ัะฟะพัะพะฑั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ: ัะพะฒะตัั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝะตัะพะฒ|ะะฐะบ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะฐะทะธัั ะผะตะฑะตะปั ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ััะบะฐะผะธ: ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะบะฐะบ ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะพะฑะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั|ะะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะบัะตัะตะป ะธ ัััะปัะตะฒ: ะบะฐะบ ัะดะตะปะฐัั ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ|ะะฐะบ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตััะฝััั ะผะตะฑะตะปั: ะฟะพัะฐะณะพะฒะฐั ะธะฝััััะบัะธั|ะะพะดะตัะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ะธะฝัะตััะตัะฐ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะฐะบ ะฒัะฑัะฐัั ัะฒะตั ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะตะดะพััะฐัะบะธ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะตัะตััะถะบะฐ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ: ััะธะปัะฝัะต ััะตะฝะดั ะธ ะผะพะดะฝัะต ะธะดะตะธ|ะงัะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฟะพะนัะธ ะฝะต ัะฐะบ ะฟัะธ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพะน ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะต ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะฐะบ ะฟะพะดะพะฑัะฐัั ัะทะพั ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตััะถะบะธ ะผัะณะบะพะน ะผะตะฑะตะปะธ|ะะฐะบ ะฟะตัะตััะฝััั ะผะตะฑะตะปั: ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะฐั ะธะฝััััะบัะธั ะธ ัะพะฒะตัั
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟัะธะฝัะตัะพะฒ fujifilm ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผั ััะพัะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฟัะธะฝัะตัะพะฒ fujifilm
ะััะทะพะฟะตัะตะฒะพะทะบะธ ะะพะฒะพัะธะฑะธััะบ ะะฐัะฝะฐัะป โ ััะพ ัะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝั ะดะปั ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธัะฝะพะน ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะธ.
ะกะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะตะผะพะฝั vivo y55s ะฒ ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ัะตะผะพะฝั vivo y55s ะฒ ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณะต
ะฆะตะฝัั ัะฐะดะพะฒะพะดะฐ – ะฒัะต ะดะปั ัะฐะดะฐ ะธ ะพะณะพัะพะดะฐ
ะปัะฝะฝัะน ะบะฐะปะตะฝะดะฐัั ัะฐะดะพะฒะพะดะพะฒ ะธ ะพะณะพัะพะดะฝะธะบะพะฒ
ยซะฆะตะฝัั ะกะฐะดะพะฒะพะดะฐยป – ััะพ ะฑะพะปะตะต 40 ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะพะฒ, ัะฐัะฟะพะปะพะถะตะฝะฝัั ะฒ ะัะตะฝะฑััะณะต, ะัะตะฝะฑััะณัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ, ะกะฐะผะฐัะต ะธ ะะฐัะบะพััะพััะฐะฝะต. ะ ัะฐะบะถะต ะกะฐะดะพะฒัะต ะฆะตะฝััั ะธ ะะธัะพะผะฝะธะบ ัะฐััะตะฝะธะน ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะพัะฐะดะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 10 ะณะฐ. ะััะพััะธะผะตะฝั ะฝะฐััะธััะฒะฐะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 10 000 ัะพะฒะฐัะพะฒ ะดะปั ัะฐะดะฐ, ะดะพะผะฐ ะธ ะฟะพัะฐะดะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ. ะ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะบะฐัะฐะปะพะณะต ะฒั ะฝะฐะนะดะตัะต ะฒัั, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ัะฐะดะพะฒะพะดั.
ยซะฆะตะฝัั ะกะฐะดะพะฒะพะดะฐยป – ััะพ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะบะฐัะตััะฒั ะฟัะพะดะฐะฒะฐะตะผะพะน ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะธ.
ะะฐะบะฐะท, ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตั-ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ะฒั ะผะพะถะตัะต ะทะฐะฑัะฐัั ะฒ ะฑะปะธะถะฐะนัะตะผ ะบ ะะฐะผ ะฟัะฝะบัะต ะฒัะดะฐัะธ ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ (ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ “ะฆะตะฝัั ะกะฐะดะพะฒะพะดะฐ”), ะปะธะฑะพ ะพัะพัะผะธัั ะฐะดัะตัะฝัั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบั. ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะฐ ะพัะฟัะฐะฒะบะฐ ัะตะผัะฝ ะะพััะพะน ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฒ ะปัะฑะพะน ัะตะณะธะพะฝ ะ ะค.
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ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ะณะดะต ะบัะฟะธัั ะพััะถะตะนะฝัะน ัะตะนั ะบัะฟะธัั ะพััะถะตะนะฝัะต ัะตะนัั
ะฃัั ะธ ััะฝะบัะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝะพััั ะพะฑะทะพั ัะปะตะบััะธัะตัะบะพะณะพ ะบะฐะผะธะฝะฐ KRATKI Adam 2000
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะณะดะต ะบัะฟะธัั ัะตะนั ะดะปั ะดะพะผะฐ ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะน ัะตะนั
ะะปั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพัััะฟะฐ ะบ ัะปะพัะพะผ ัะบะฐัะฐะนัะต 1xslots ะฝะฐ ัะตะปะตัะพะฝ ะธ ะฝะฐัะฝะธัะต ะธะณัั.
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะพะณะฝะตัะฟะพัะฝัะน ัะตะนั ัะตะนั ะพะณะฝะตััะพะนะบะธะน ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ัะตะนั ะดะปั ััะถัั ะบัะฟะธัั ะพััะถะตะนะฝัะน ัะตะนั ะดะปั ะพั ะพัะฝะธััะตะณะพ ััะถัั
“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะพั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะะปะธะตะฝัั ะะตัะผะตั
6 ะธ 13 ะธัะฝั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ 1-504/24, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะพัะตัะตะดะฝัะต, ัะตััะพะต ะธ ัะตะดัะผะพะต ะฟะพ ััะตัั, ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะฟัะพัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั
ะะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธัั ะฑัะปะธ ะทะฐัะปััะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั. ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัััั ะฟะพ ะฐัะดะธะพะทะฐะฟะธัะธ, ะธะผะตััะตะนัั ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะธ ััะตะฝะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะบะพัะพััั ะฒะตะปะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั.
ะกะฟัะฐะฒะบะฐ
ะัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะปะพัั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั โ ะดะตัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ: ะะฝะฝะฐ ะััะพัะบะฐั (ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะฒะพะปะธะปะฐัั ะธะท “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะดะพ ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะธะฒะตะฝั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตัะพะผ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะฐ ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะฐ (ะดะธัะตะบัะพั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท “ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ” ััะปะธั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะฐ (ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะฑัั ะณะฐะปัะตั ะะะ “ะญะบัะฟะตัั”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปัะผะธัะฐ ะะธะปัะฑะตัั (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธะน ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะตะฝะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะตะฝะธั ะจะธัะบะพ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน, ะฟะพะด ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะผ ะฐัะตััะพะผ) ะธ 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะพัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ (ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั, ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะฟัะตัะพะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน). ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฟัะพะดะปะธะป ะฒัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะผะตัั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ, ััะพ ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฒััะตััะพััะธั ััะดะฐั .
ะัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะต (ั. 4 ัั. 159 ะฃะ ะ ะค) ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ั. 2 ัั. 172.2 ะฃะ ะ ะค), ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ (ั. 3 ัั. 210 ะฃะ ะ ะค). ะั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ โ ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะฟะพััะธ ะดะฒะฐ ะดะตัััะบะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ.
ะ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ, ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัััะตะต ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะบะฐะบ ะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะะตัั ะะตะน” (ะดะปั ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั: ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะฐ ัะพัะฝั ััััั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ). ะะฑัะฐั ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ััะพะปัะบะพ ะถะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั.
“ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะะพะปัะฝ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฝะพ ะดะพ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ 2019-ะผ ะพะฝ ะฒััะตะป ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะตะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ โ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะธััะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป, ัะฐััะพัะณะฐั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ััะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะะพะปัะฝ ะพัะผะตัะธะป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัะฑะตะดะธะป ะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ โ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะะ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ั ะพัะตะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒััะปะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ. ะะพะปะธัะธั ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะกัะฐะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะตั ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒะฐ. ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒ โ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝัะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะพะปะพะณ, ะพะฝ ะตะผั ะฒะตัะธะป, ัะพั ะฝะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ะงัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั. ะ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะฝะตั 100 ะธ 700 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะฟะพ 12 ััั. ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะตะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะััะตะป ะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั. ะะฐัะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะฐะป? “ะะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะบัะฟะธัั ั ะพัะตะป”. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะป ะตะผั 70 ััั. ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะตัะฝัะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” 140 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพััะธ ััะฐะทั, ัะดะตัะถะฐะฒ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั; ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต ัะตัะตะท “ะฒะฝััััะฝะบั”, ะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธั.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฒะฝะพัะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตะนะดะตัะฐะผ ะธ ะฑัะพะบะตัะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธัะถะต. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ะผะตััะพ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต 148 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน โ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 60 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” โ ะบะพะผะธััะธั ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ััะตะดััะฒ.
ะะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะดะตะฝะตะณ โ ะตะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ, “ะฝะพ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ะฒะตัะฝััั”. ะัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะบะฐะบ ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั, ะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะตัะฝัั ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะพ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะพัะพ”.
ะ ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะป. “ะะพะถะตั, ะผะตะฝั ะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต”, -ัะตะทัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต ะะพะปัะฝ.
“ะะพะปัะฝ โ ััะบะธะน ะฟัะธะผะตั “ะฒะพะทะณะพะฝะบะธ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ”, ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑะพะปัััั ัะธััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั. โ ะ ะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตั, ะดะฐ ะปัะดะธ, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะธ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ัะธัะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปัะตั. ะ, ะบะฐะบ ะผั ะฒะธะดะธะผ, ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ัะธัะปะฐ โ ะฝะตะฝะฐััะพััะธะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต, ะฐ ะฝะตะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะธะตัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ััะผะผั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ั ะฝะธั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ”.
“ะขัะตะฑัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธัั ั ััะตัะพะผ ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพะผะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 8800 ััั. ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 2700 ััั. ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒััะปะฐ ะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะกัะผะผะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพัะตะฝะบั ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฒ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ัะบัะธะฝั ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะบะธ ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะต. ะกัะด ัะฐะทัััะฝัะตั, ััะพ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะธ.
ยซะะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป, ะปะถะตัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะธ, ะบะปะตะฒะตัะฝะธะบะธ
ะะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะน ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป
ะก ัะตะฒัะฐะปั ัะตะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตั ัะตะทะพะฝะฐะฝัะฝะพะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ, ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝะพะต, ะฟะพ ะฒะตััะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะปะพ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ 221 ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะธะฝะฐ. ะััััะฟะธะปะพ ัะถะต ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ.
ะัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ะฝะธ ั ะบะพะณะพ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฝะตั ะฟะพะปะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐััะธั ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป (ะฐ ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะตั ััะธัะฐะฝะพะต ัะธัะปะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ): ัะฐัะฟะธัะพะบ ะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะธ ััะตะดััะฒ, ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะพะฒ, ะฝะพัะฐัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐะฒะตัะตะฝะฝัั ัะบัะธะฝะพะฒ ััะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะตยป ะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะฐัั, ะดะฐะฝะฝัั ะพ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธะธ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพ ััะตัะฐะผ ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะขะพ ะตััั ะพะฝะธ ะฝะต ะผะพะณัั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัั ัะฐะบั ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ ััะฐะฝะดะฐััะฐะผ ััะดะฐ โ ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะฝะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะฝะธั .
ะัั ะพะดั ะธะท ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝัั ยซะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒยป, ะฝะตั ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะฐ ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ะดะปั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ, ะฝะพ ะธ ะดะปั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะพ ัะตะผ ยซัะตัะฝัะผยป ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผ ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒั ะธ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน ะฑัะปะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ ั ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ. ะญัะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะธะฝััะตะฝะธัะพะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะปะธ ะฐะบัะตัะพะฒ ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะดะพะฒะตัะธะปะธ ะธะณัะฐัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ.
ะะพ ัะฒะพะธะผ ะผะพัะธะฒะฐะผ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป ะดะตะปัััั ะฝะฐ ัะตัััะต ะบะฐัะตะณะพัะธะธ.
ะะฐะดะฝัะต
ะขะต, ะบะพัะพััั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ-ะพะฑะพัะพัะฝะธ ะฒ ะฟะพะณะพะฝะฐั ะะะ ัะผััะปะตะฝะฝะพ, ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพ ะฒะฒะตะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะต, ะฟะพััะปะธะฒ, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะฐั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ โ ะปะธะฑะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะปะธะฑะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะะฐะปะฐัะตะฝะบะพะฒะฐ, ะฝะต ััะตัะฝัััั, ะฟััะผะพ ะฒ ััะดะต ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ัะพะถะต ั ะพัะตั ะฑััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน (ะบ ัะพะถะฐะปะตะฝะธั, ะดะปั ะฝะตะต ะฝะฐ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ััะฐะฟะต ะฟัะพัะตััะฐ ััะพ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ). ะัะปะธ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝะตะณ, ัะพ ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั?
ะ ะะพะปัะฝ, ะทะฐะบััะฒัะธะน ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะปะตั ะฝะฐะทะฐะด ะธ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะฒัะธะน ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ะพััััััะฒะธะธ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน, ะทะฐัะฒะธะป, ััะพ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะตะผั ะฟะพะดะฐัั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั โ ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟะพ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝั. ะ ัะฐะบะธั ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ.
ะะตะปัะตะณะพััะบะฐั ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั โ ะธ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตััั ััะตะทะถะฐัั ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะน ะบะฒะฐััะธัั: ะฝะฐะณะปะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปัะตั, ััะพ ะฝะธะบัะดะฐ ะฝะต ัะตะดะตั.
ะะตะฒะผะตะฝัะตะผัะต
ะัะดะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะพะบะฐ ะฟะพะดะฟะธัะฐะปะธ ะฒัะต, ััะพ ะธะผ ะฟะพะดััะฝัะป ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั, ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะต ะฟัะพัะธัะฐะฒ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝั. ะงัะพะฑั ะฟะพัะบะพัะตะต ัะฑะตะถะฐัั ะดะพะผะพะน.
ะฃะถะต ะดะตัััะบะธ ัะฐะบะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะพั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ะฒ ััะดะต.
ะจะบะพะปัะฝะธะบ, ั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ, ะฒ ััะดะต ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะพั ััะฐัััะฐ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน โ ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ัะฑะพัะฒัะธัั ะพัะฒะตัะธัั ะทะฐ ัะฒะพะธ ะปะพะถะฝัะต ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั. ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐัั ะพั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะกะฐั ะฐััะดะธะฝะพะฒะฐ.
ะะฐะฟัะณะฐะฝะฝัะต
ะญัะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะบะพัะพััั ัะตัะฝัะต ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟัะณะฐะปะธ ะฐัะตััะพะผ: ะณัะพะทะธะปะธ ัะฐะทะปััะตะฝะธะตะผ ั ัะตะฑะตะฝะบะพะผ, ะฝะต ะดะฐะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒัะทะฒะฐัั ะฒัะฐัะฐ, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐัะพะฒ ะฝะต ะฟััะบะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะฐะปะตั.
ะขะฐะบะธั ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพ. ะ ะพ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััั ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ัะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะดะต (ะพ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต, ะฒะฟัะพัะตะผ, ะฑะพัััั ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัั).
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะคะฐะนั ัะปะปะธะฝ ัะผะตั ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะฟัะพัะฐ ั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน.
ะะปะตะฒะตัะฝะธะบะธ
ะญัะพ ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐะผะตัะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฒะพัะพะฒัะบะธะต ัะปะตะดั, ัะบััะฒะฐัั ัะฒะพะต ัะตัะฝะพะต ะฟัะพัะปะพะต, ัะตััะตััั ะฟะตัะตะด ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ, ััะพะฑั ัะฟะฐััะธ ัะตะฑั ะพั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะฟัะตัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ััะพ ะฑัะฒัะธะน ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะะฒะณะตะฝะธะน ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะฑัะฒัะธะน ะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะะปะตะบัะตะน ะะพะผะฐัะพะฒ. ะ ะตัะต ัะฐะบะธะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะััะตัะปะฐะฒ ะะพะณะธะฝะพะฒ โ ะทะฐัะฒะธะฒัะธะน ะธัะบ ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ััะตัะฑะต ะฝะฐ 1 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะดััะณะธะต.
ะัะธะดะตััั ะพัะฒะตัะธัั!
ะะฐ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ััะดะพะฒ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฟัะธั ะพะดัั ั ะฑะพะปััะธะผ ัััะดะพะผ: ััะดัั ะะบะฐัะตัะธะฝะฐ ะะพะณะดะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐัั ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธัั ะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะด. ยซะะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป ะฑะพัััั, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฟะพะฝะธะผะฐัั, ััะพ ะทะฐ ะปะถะตัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธะผ ะฟัะธะปะตััั ะธัะบะธ ะพั ััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฝะธ ะปะธัะธะปะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะฝะฐ ัะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะธะผะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ััะตะดััะฒะฐ. ะัะธะดะตััั ะพัะฒะตัะธัั ะธ ะฟะพ ะธัะบะฐะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั โ ะฝะตะบะพัะพััะต ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฒ ะกะะะ ัะถะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั ะฒะพััะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะะธะบัะพ ะธะท ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป, ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน, ะบะปะตะฒะตัะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะพั ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะต ัะนะดะตั!
“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะพั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะะตะปะพ ะะตัะผะตั
6 ะธ 13 ะธัะฝั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ 1-504/24, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะพัะตัะตะดะฝัะต, ัะตััะพะต ะธ ัะตะดัะผะพะต ะฟะพ ััะตัั, ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะฟัะพัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั
ะะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธัั ะฑัะปะธ ะทะฐัะปััะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั. ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัััั ะฟะพ ะฐัะดะธะพะทะฐะฟะธัะธ, ะธะผะตััะตะนัั ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะธ ััะตะฝะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะบะพัะพััั ะฒะตะปะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั.
ะกะฟัะฐะฒะบะฐ
ะัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะปะพัั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั โ ะดะตัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ: ะะฝะฝะฐ ะััะพัะบะฐั (ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะฒะพะปะธะปะฐัั ะธะท “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะดะพ ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะธะฒะตะฝั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตัะพะผ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะฐ ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะฐ (ะดะธัะตะบัะพั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท “ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ” ััะปะธั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะฐ (ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะฑัั ะณะฐะปัะตั ะะะ “ะญะบัะฟะตัั”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปัะผะธัะฐ ะะธะปัะฑะตัั (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธะน ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะตะฝะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะตะฝะธั ะจะธัะบะพ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน, ะฟะพะด ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะผ ะฐัะตััะพะผ) ะธ 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะพัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ (ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั, ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะฟัะตัะพะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน). ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฟัะพะดะปะธะป ะฒัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะผะตัั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ, ััะพ ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฒััะตััะพััะธั ััะดะฐั .
ะัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะต (ั. 4 ัั. 159 ะฃะ ะ ะค) ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ั. 2 ัั. 172.2 ะฃะ ะ ะค), ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ (ั. 3 ัั. 210 ะฃะ ะ ะค). ะั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ โ ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะฟะพััะธ ะดะฒะฐ ะดะตัััะบะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ.
ะ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ, ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัััะตะต ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะบะฐะบ ะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะะตัั ะะตะน” (ะดะปั ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั: ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะฐ ัะพัะฝั ััััั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ). ะะฑัะฐั ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ััะพะปัะบะพ ะถะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั.
“ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะะพะปัะฝ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฝะพ ะดะพ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ 2019-ะผ ะพะฝ ะฒััะตะป ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะตะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ โ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะธััะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป, ัะฐััะพัะณะฐั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ััะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะะพะปัะฝ ะพัะผะตัะธะป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัะฑะตะดะธะป ะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ โ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะะ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ั ะพัะตะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒััะปะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ. ะะพะปะธัะธั ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะกัะฐะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะตั ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒะฐ. ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒ โ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝัะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะพะปะพะณ, ะพะฝ ะตะผั ะฒะตัะธะป, ัะพั ะฝะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ะงัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั. ะ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะฝะตั 100 ะธ 700 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะฟะพ 12 ััั. ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะตะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะััะตะป ะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั. ะะฐัะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะฐะป? “ะะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะบัะฟะธัั ั ะพัะตะป”. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะป ะตะผั 70 ััั. ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะตัะฝัะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” 140 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพััะธ ััะฐะทั, ัะดะตัะถะฐะฒ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั; ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต ัะตัะตะท “ะฒะฝััััะฝะบั”, ะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธั.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฒะฝะพัะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตะนะดะตัะฐะผ ะธ ะฑัะพะบะตัะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธัะถะต. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ะผะตััะพ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต 148 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน โ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 60 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” โ ะบะพะผะธััะธั ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ััะตะดััะฒ.
ะะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะดะตะฝะตะณ โ ะตะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ, “ะฝะพ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ะฒะตัะฝััั”. ะัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะบะฐะบ ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั, ะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะตัะฝัั ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะพ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะพัะพ”.
ะ ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะป. “ะะพะถะตั, ะผะตะฝั ะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต”, -ัะตะทัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต ะะพะปัะฝ.
“ะะพะปัะฝ โ ััะบะธะน ะฟัะธะผะตั “ะฒะพะทะณะพะฝะบะธ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ”, ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑะพะปัััั ัะธััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั. โ ะ ะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตั, ะดะฐ ะปัะดะธ, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะธ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ัะธัะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปัะตั. ะ, ะบะฐะบ ะผั ะฒะธะดะธะผ, ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ัะธัะปะฐ โ ะฝะตะฝะฐััะพััะธะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต, ะฐ ะฝะตะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะธะตัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ััะผะผั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ั ะฝะธั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ”.
“ะขัะตะฑัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธัั ั ััะตัะพะผ ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพะผะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 8800 ััั. ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 2700 ััั. ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒััะปะฐ ะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะกัะผะผะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพัะตะฝะบั ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฒ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ัะบัะธะฝั ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะบะธ ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะต. ะกัะด ัะฐะทัััะฝัะตั, ััะพ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะธ.
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ะบัะฟะธัั ะพััะถะตะนะฝัะน ัะตะนั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะบัะฟะธัั ัะตะนั ั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะพะน ะฒ ะผะพัะบะฒะต
“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะพั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะกัะด ะะฐะนั ะธะท ะัะด
6 ะธ 13 ะธัะฝั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ 1-504/24, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะพัะตัะตะดะฝัะต, ัะตััะพะต ะธ ัะตะดัะผะพะต ะฟะพ ััะตัั, ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะฟัะพัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั
ะะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธัั ะฑัะปะธ ะทะฐัะปััะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั. ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัััั ะฟะพ ะฐัะดะธะพะทะฐะฟะธัะธ, ะธะผะตััะตะนัั ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะธ ััะตะฝะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะบะพัะพััั ะฒะตะปะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั.
ะกะฟัะฐะฒะบะฐ
ะัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะปะพัั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั โ ะดะตัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ: ะะฝะฝะฐ ะััะพัะบะฐั (ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะฒะพะปะธะปะฐัั ะธะท “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะดะพ ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะธะฒะตะฝั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตัะพะผ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะฐ ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะฐ (ะดะธัะตะบัะพั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท “ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ” ััะปะธั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะฐ (ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะฑัั ะณะฐะปัะตั ะะะ “ะญะบัะฟะตัั”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปัะผะธัะฐ ะะธะปัะฑะตัั (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธะน ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะตะฝะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะตะฝะธั ะจะธัะบะพ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน, ะฟะพะด ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะผ ะฐัะตััะพะผ) ะธ 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะพัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ (ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั, ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะฟัะตัะพะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน). ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฟัะพะดะปะธะป ะฒัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะผะตัั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ, ััะพ ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฒััะตััะพััะธั ััะดะฐั .
ะัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะต (ั. 4 ัั. 159 ะฃะ ะ ะค) ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ั. 2 ัั. 172.2 ะฃะ ะ ะค), ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ (ั. 3 ัั. 210 ะฃะ ะ ะค). ะั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ โ ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะฟะพััะธ ะดะฒะฐ ะดะตัััะบะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ.
ะ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ, ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัััะตะต ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะบะฐะบ ะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะะตัั ะะตะน” (ะดะปั ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั: ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะฐ ัะพัะฝั ััััั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ). ะะฑัะฐั ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ััะพะปัะบะพ ะถะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั.
“ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะะพะปัะฝ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฝะพ ะดะพ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ 2019-ะผ ะพะฝ ะฒััะตะป ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะตะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ โ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะธััะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป, ัะฐััะพัะณะฐั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ััะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะะพะปัะฝ ะพัะผะตัะธะป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัะฑะตะดะธะป ะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ โ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะะ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ั ะพัะตะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒััะปะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ. ะะพะปะธัะธั ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะกัะฐะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะตั ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒะฐ. ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒ โ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝัะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะพะปะพะณ, ะพะฝ ะตะผั ะฒะตัะธะป, ัะพั ะฝะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ะงัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั. ะ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะฝะตั 100 ะธ 700 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะฟะพ 12 ััั. ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะตะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะััะตะป ะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั. ะะฐัะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะฐะป? “ะะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะบัะฟะธัั ั ะพัะตะป”. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะป ะตะผั 70 ััั. ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะตัะฝัะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” 140 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพััะธ ััะฐะทั, ัะดะตัะถะฐะฒ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั; ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต ัะตัะตะท “ะฒะฝััััะฝะบั”, ะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธั.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฒะฝะพัะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตะนะดะตัะฐะผ ะธ ะฑัะพะบะตัะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธัะถะต. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ะผะตััะพ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต 148 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน โ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 60 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” โ ะบะพะผะธััะธั ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ััะตะดััะฒ.
ะะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะดะตะฝะตะณ โ ะตะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ, “ะฝะพ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ะฒะตัะฝััั”. ะัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะบะฐะบ ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั, ะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะตัะฝัั ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะพ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะพัะพ”.
ะ ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะป. “ะะพะถะตั, ะผะตะฝั ะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต”, -ัะตะทัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต ะะพะปัะฝ.
“ะะพะปัะฝ โ ััะบะธะน ะฟัะธะผะตั “ะฒะพะทะณะพะฝะบะธ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ”, ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑะพะปัััั ัะธััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั. โ ะ ะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตั, ะดะฐ ะปัะดะธ, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะธ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ัะธัะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปัะตั. ะ, ะบะฐะบ ะผั ะฒะธะดะธะผ, ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ัะธัะปะฐ โ ะฝะตะฝะฐััะพััะธะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต, ะฐ ะฝะตะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะธะตัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ััะผะผั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ั ะฝะธั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ”.
“ะขัะตะฑัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธัั ั ััะตัะพะผ ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพะผะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 8800 ััั. ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 2700 ััั. ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒััะปะฐ ะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะกัะผะผะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพัะตะฝะบั ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฒ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ัะบัะธะฝั ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะบะธ ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะต. ะกัะด ัะฐะทัััะฝัะตั, ััะพ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะธ.
“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะธะปะฐ ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะพั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั
ะะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ะผะธะฝะธัััะฐ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฟะพะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ
6 ะธ 13 ะธัะฝั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะดะตะปะพ โ 1-504/24, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฟัะพะฒะตะป ะพัะตัะตะดะฝัะต, ัะตััะพะต ะธ ัะตะดัะผะพะต ะฟะพ ััะตัั, ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะฒััะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะพะฟัะพัั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั
ะะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธัั ะฑัะปะธ ะทะฐัะปััะฐะฝั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ัะฐะบ ะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั. ะะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฟัะธะฒะพะดัััั ะฟะพ ะฐัะดะธะพะทะฐะฟะธัะธ, ะธะผะตััะตะนัั ะฒ ัะฐัะฟะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะธ ััะตะฝะพะณัะฐะผะผะต, ะบะพัะพััั ะฒะตะปะฐ ััะพัะพะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะธัั.
ะกะฟัะฐะฒะบะฐ
ะัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะปะพัั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ. ะะฐ ัะบะฐะผัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั โ ะดะตัััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ: ะะฝะฝะฐ ะััะพัะบะฐั (ะทะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ ะดะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ัะฒะพะปะธะปะฐัั ะธะท “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะดะพ ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะธะฒะตะฝั-ะผะตะฝะตะดะถะตัะพะผ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะฐ ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะฐ (ะดะธัะตะบัะพั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท “ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธั ” ััะปะธั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะธั ะฐะธะป ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปะตะฝะฐ ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะฐ (ะณะปะฐะฒะฝัะน ะฑัั ะณะฐะปัะตั ะะะ “ะญะบัะฟะตัั”, ะฒ ะกะะะ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะฒัั ะปะตั), ะะปัะผะธัะฐ ะะธะปัะฑะตัั (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะฐั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธะน ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั ะธ ัะตะณะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะตะฝะฝัะน ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะตะฝะธั ะจะธัะบะพ (ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปั, ะฒ ะกะะะ ั 2023 ะณะพะดะฐ), ะะผะธััะธะน ะัะดัะธะฝ (ะฝะตัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะธะน, ะฟะพะด ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะธะผ ะฐัะตััะพะผ) ะธ 83-ะปะตัะฝะธะน ะพัะตั ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะะธะบัะพั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ (ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั, ะฟะพะด ะทะฐะฟัะตัะพะผ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน). ะะฐัะธะฝะฐั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฟัะพะดะปะธะป ะฒัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะผะตัั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ, ััะพ ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐะตััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะฒััะตััะพััะธั ััะดะฐั .
ะัะตะผ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธัะตััะฒะต (ั. 4 ัั. 159 ะฃะ ะ ะค) ะธ ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั (ั. 2 ัั. 172.2 ะฃะ ะ ะค), ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะพะฑัะตััะฒะฐ (ั. 3 ัั. 210 ะฃะ ะ ะค). ะั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ โ ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะฟะพััะธ ะดะฒะฐ ะดะตัััะบะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ.
ะ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ, ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัััะตะต ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะบะฐะบ ะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะะตัั ะะตะน” (ะดะปั ััะฐะฒะฝะตะฝะธั: ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฝะต ะพะดะฝะฐ ัะพัะฝั ััััั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ). ะะฑัะฐั ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ััะพะปัะบะพ ะถะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั.
“ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะถะธะป ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะะพะปัะฝ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะัะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะฝะพ ะดะพ 2019 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะ 2019-ะผ ะพะฝ ะฒััะตะป ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ะตะผั ะฑัะปะธ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะตะฝั ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ โ ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะธััะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะดะธะป, ัะฐััะพัะณะฐั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัั ั ััะธะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธัะผะธ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะะพะปัะฝ ะพัะผะตัะธะป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั ัะฑะตะดะธะป ะตะณะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝ โ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะน ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะฟะพะดะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐั ัะปะตะฝัะบะธั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ. ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะะะ ะฟะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ั ะพัะตะป, ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะณะพ ะฒััะปะธ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ. ะะพะปะธัะธั ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะฐ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ.
ะกัะฐะป ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตัะตะท ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะะปะตะบัะตั ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒะฐ. ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒ โ ะณัะฐะผะพัะฝัะน ะผะฐัะบะตัะพะปะพะณ, ะพะฝ ะตะผั ะฒะตัะธะป, ัะพั ะฝะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะป ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต. ะงัะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฟัะตะดะผะตัะพะผ ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะฐ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, ะฝะต ะฟะพะผะฝะธั. ะ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะฝะตั 100 ะธ 700 ะตะฒัะพ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะฟะพ 12 ััั. ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ัะตะผะธ ะผะตัััะตะฒ.
ะััะตะป ะธ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะธะท “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั. ะะฐัะตะผ ะฒัััะฟะฐะป? “ะะฐะฒะตัะฝะพะต, ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะบัะฟะธัั ั ะพัะตะป”. ะะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒะตัะฝัะป ะตะผั 70 ััั. ะฟะฐะตะฒัั ะฒะทะฝะพัะพะฒ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒะตัะฝัะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” 140 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพััะธ ััะฐะทั, ัะดะตัะถะฐะฒ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั; ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะต” ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ ะฟะพะทะถะต ัะตัะตะท “ะฒะฝััััะฝะบั”, ะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะฐะปะธ ะบะพะผะธััะธั.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะตะผั ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฒะฝะพัะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะะฑัััะฝัะปะธ, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัััั ะฒ ะดะพะฒะตัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะตะนะดะตัะฐะผ ะธ ะฑัะพะบะตัะฐะผ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะธะณัะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธัะถะต. ะ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต, ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะบัะฟะธัั ะผะตััะพ ะฒ ะพัะตัะตะดะธ. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, “ะะตัะผะตั” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะพะดะฝะฐ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต 148 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน โ ะฒัััะฟะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 60 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” โ ะบะพะผะธััะธั ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฒะพะดะต ััะตะดััะฒ.
ะะพะณะพะฒะพั ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะธัะฐะป, ะฝะพ ะตะผั ะพะฑัััะฝะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะตััั ะฝะตะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะดะตะฝะตะณ โ ะตะต ะธ ะฝะต ะฒะตัะฝัะปะธ, “ะฝะพ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะฟััะฐัััั ะฒะตัะฝััั”. ะัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั “ะบะฐะบ ะฑั ะธ ะฝะตั, ะฝะพ ะตัะปะธ ะฒะตัะฝัั ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะพ ะฑัะดะตั ั ะพัะพัะพ”.
ะ ะะธะฝะพะณัะฐะดะพะฒั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปัะป. “ะะพะถะตั, ะผะตะฝั ะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑะผะฐะฝัะปะธ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต”, -ัะตะทัะผะธัะพะฒะฐะป ัะฒะพะต ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ััะดะต ะะพะปัะฝ.
“ะะพะปัะฝ โ ััะบะธะน ะฟัะธะผะตั “ะฒะพะทะณะพะฝะบะธ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ”, ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฑะพะปัััั ัะธััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, โ ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั. โ ะ ะตะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะพััะพ ะฝะตั, ะดะฐ ะปัะดะธ, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะธ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะฝะฐ ัะพะฝะต ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะฐ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ” ะธ ัะธัะปะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะต ะฒะฟะตัะฐัะปัะตั. ะ, ะบะฐะบ ะผั ะฒะธะดะธะผ, ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะธะท ััะพะณะพ ัะธัะปะฐ โ ะฝะตะฝะฐััะพััะธะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต, ะฐ ะฝะตะบะธะต ะปะธัะฐ, ะฟััะฐััะธะตัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ััะผะผั, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััะต ั ะฝะธั ะฝะตั ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ”.
“ะขัะตะฑัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธัั ั ััะตัะพะผ ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพะผะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะบะฐะบ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั. ะขัะตะฑัะตั ะฑะพะปะตะต 8800 ััั. ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะฑะพะปะตะต 2700 ััั. ั “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะธะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ะฒััะปะฐ ะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒัั ะพะดะต ะฝะต ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ. ะกัะผะผะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะบะฐะบ ะฟะฐะตะฒัะต ะธ ัะปะตะฝัะบะธะต ะฒะทะฝะพัั, ัะฐะบ ะธ ะพัะตะฝะบั ัะพััะฐ ัะตะฝ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ.
ะฃัะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ” ะฝะฐะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ โ ะฒ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะธั ัะบัะธะฝั ะฟะตัะตะฟะธัะบะธ ั ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะผะฐัััะพะฝะต. ะกัะด ัะฐะทัััะฝัะตั, ััะพ ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ะฟัะธ ะฝะฐะดะปะตะถะฐัะตะผ ะพัะพัะผะปะตะฝะธะธ.
ะัะถะตะฝ ะฝะฐะดัะถะฝัะน ะฑะพะฝัั? ะัะพะผะพะบะพะด ะปะฐะบะธ ะดะถะตั ะดะพัััะฟะตะฝ ะดะปั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐัะธะธ. ะะฐัะธะฝะฐะนัะต ั ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ั ะฟะตัะฒัั ะธะณั ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััั ััะฐะฒะบะฐะผะธ.
ะะตัะถะธัะต ะัั ะฐ
ะะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตั ะธะท ะฆะ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัะตั ยซะปะตะฒัะนยป ัะพะฝะด ะดะปั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ััะถะธั ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ
ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐะตั ะฟะพะผะธะผะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะณะพ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะต ะดะตะปะพ ะฟะพ ะธัะบั ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ัะบะทะพัะธัะตัะบะพะน ัั. 1065 ะะ. ะะฑััะฝะพ ะฟะพ ััะพะน ััะฐััะต ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน-ยซะพััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะนยป: ะฝะฐะฟัะธะผะตั, ะฒ ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธะธ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะฑะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะฐ ะบะธัะตัะฝะฐั ะฟะฐะปะพัะบะฐ, ะธะปะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ.
ะะฟะตัะฒัะต ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะฟัะธะผะตะฝะธัั ััะฐััั ะบ ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ัะพะผ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ, ััะพ ัะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ะกะฟะธัะพะบ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะน ั ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฝัะผะธ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผะธ ะฝะตะปะตะณะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะผ ััะฝะบะต (ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ) ะฆะ, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะฐ ะดะฐะถะต ะฑะตะท ะบะฐะผะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะพะฒะตัะบะธ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะฝะตะบะธั ัะธะณะฝะฐะปะพะฒโ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ะฒ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต: ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะป ัะพะณะดะฐัะฝะธะน ะณะปะฐะฒะฐ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฝะตะดะพะฑัะพัะพะฒะตััะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะฐะผ ะฆะ ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั (ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝั ััะพั, ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะผะตัะตะฝะฝัะน ะฒ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัั ะฝะฐะตะทะดะฐั ะฝะฐ ะฑะธะทะฝะตั, ัะตะนัะฐั, ะบ ัะตััะธ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะฆะ, ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ).
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะตัะฒะพะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะด ัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปัั ะฝะต ะฒ ะฟะพะปัะทั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั. ะะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะผ ะถะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ััะด ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะธัะบ ะบะฐะบ ัะดะธะฒะธัะตะปัะฝัะน, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะฒ ะฟะพะปัะทั ะฝะตะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบััะณะฐ ะปะธั, ะฝะพ ะตััั ัะตะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ, ะธ ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธะท ะฝะธั ะฝะต ะพะฑัะฐัะธะปัั ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะน ััะด ั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธัะผะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะขะพะปัะบะพ ััะด ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ โ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธะน ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะน ััะด โ ะทะฐััะฐะฒะธะป ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะตะณะพ ะฒัะต-ัะฐะบะธ ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะณะพัััะด ะฟัะตะดะฟะธัะฐะป ััะตััั ะธะฝัะตัะตัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ. ะะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะผะตัััะตะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะผะพะณะปะฐ ััะพัะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะธัะบะพะฒัะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฟะพัะพะผ ััะด ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฒะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ะทะฐะฟัะพัะธะป ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ััะด ัะบัะฟะตััะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน, ะพะฝะธ ัะพะณะปะฐัะธะปะธัั.
ะะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒะพะผ ะฟะพัะปะต ะดะพะปะณะพะณะพ ะฟะตัะตััะฒะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ 30 ะพะบััะฑัั ะบะฐะบ ะพััะตะทะฐะปะพ: ััะด ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทั, ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะฒ ะดะตะปะพ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะดะพะฟัะฐัะธะฒะฐัั ัะตั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะธ ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะธ ะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ััะดะต โ ะฟัะธัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพัะตะฝะบั ะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธัะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะน ััะด ะตัะต ะฝะต ะดะฐะป: ะดะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะตัะต ะฟะพะปะณะพะดะฐ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ. ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะธะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ะดะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ, ั ะพัั ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะน ััะด ะผะพะถะตั ะพัะฒะตัะธัั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะฟัะพั, ัะฒะปัะตััั ะปะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะพะน ะธะปะธ ะฝะตั. ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ, 7 ะฝะพัะฑัั ัะพััะพะธััั ัะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ััะดะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะธ ะฑัะดะตั ะฟัะธะฝััะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ะธัะบั.
ะะตะปะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฝะตะฒะฝััะฝะฐั ะฟะพะทะธัะธั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ััะฐะฟะต ัะฑัะพัะธะปะฐ ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะต ะทะฒะตะฝะพ, ัะผะตะฝะธะปะฐัั ะฑะตัะฟัะตัะตะดะตะฝัะฝัะผ ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะพะบััะพััะบะพะณะพ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐ ััะฑัะตะบัะฐ ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ. ะขะพะปัะบะพ ะฟัะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะธ ะบ ัะธััะฐัะธะธ ััะด ัะผะพะถะตั ะตะณะพ ะฒัะดะตัะถะฐัั.
ะ ะฒะฝััะฝะพะน ะฟะพะทะธัะธั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ััะฐะปะฐ ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะปะพะฑะฑะธัั, ะฝะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะฒัะธะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปัะผ ะัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ยซะดะพัะพะถะฝัั ะบะฐัััยป, โ ััะพั ะปะพะฑะฑะธัั ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั , ั ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ั ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ ะฟะพัะฒะธะปัั ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝั ะดะปั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะคะพะฝะด ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ััะถะธั ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ
ะัะถะฝะพ ัะฐัะบัััั ััััะบัััั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะบัะพะฒะฝะพ ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝะฐ ะฒ ยซะพััะถะดะตะฝะธะธยป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะพะฑั ะทะฐะฑัะฐัั ะตะณะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต. ะญัะพ ะคะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝัะน (ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ-ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน) ัะพะฝะด ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ.
ะััะฝะตะนัะฐั ััััะบัััะฐ, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฟะพ ัะบะฐะทั ะะปััะธะฝะฐ ะฒ ยซะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปัะฝัะนยป ะตะณะพ ะฟะตัะธะพะด ะธ ะฟะพ ะฝะตะฟะพะฝััะฝัะผ ะฟัะธัะธะฝะฐะผ ะฝะต ะปะธะบะฒะธะดะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฒะพ ะฒัะตะผั ะฝะฐะฒะตะดะตะฝะธั ะฟะพััะดะบะฐ ะฒ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ััะตัะต ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต 2000-ั ะณะพะดะพะฒ, ะฝะพ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะดะฐะฒะฝัะผ-ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฝะฐ ะถะธะฒะตั ะฝะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะตะน ัะดะฐะตััั ะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะผะธ ะธ ะฝะตะฟัะฐะฒะดะฐะผะธ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั.
ะะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะป ัะพะฝะด ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะถะตะฝะธะธ ะฒัะตะน ะตะณะพ ะธััะพัะธะธ ะดะพ ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ ั.ะณ. ะฝะตะบัะพ ะกะฐัะธัะปะปะธะฝ, ะฑัะฒัะธะน ะผะธะฝัะธะฝะพะฒัะบะธะน ัะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบ. ะคะพะฝะด, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั ะบะฐะบ ะกะะ, ะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะป ะปะถะธะฒัะต ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปั ะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ะฝะฐ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะพััะพะฒะตัะฝะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฑัะป ะธะฝะธัะธะฐัะพัะพะผ ะฟัะพะฒะตัะพะบ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะฒ 2020โ2021 ะณะพะดะฐั โ ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะพ.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะณะพะดั, ะพัะฒะตัะฐั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฟัะพั ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธะท ะผะตะดะธะฐ, ัะพะฝะด ะทะฐัะฒะปัะป, ััะพ ะฝะต ัะพะฑะธัะฐะตััั ะฑัะฐัั ะฟะพะด ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะปััะฐะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธั ะตะณะพ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ โ ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะดะปั ััะพะณะพ ะฝะตั ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน (ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะทะฐะผะตัะธะผ ะพั ัะตะฑั, ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะพะทะดะฐัั โ ะฑัะปะพ ะฑั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะต). ะัะธ ััะพะผ ัะพะฝะด ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฒะฐะป, ััะพ, ะทะฐะฑะธัะฐั ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฒ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต, ะพะฝ ะฒัะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐะตั ะฒัะตะผ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะฐะผ ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 35 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน, ะบัะพะผะต ะฒะตัะตัะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะพะนะฝั, ะบะพัะพััะผ ะฟะปะฐัะธั ัััั ะฑะพะปััะต.
ะ ะฒะพั ะฒ ะฐะฒะณัััะต ััะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ั ัะพะฝะดะพะผ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ะผะตัะฐะผะพััะพะทะฐ โ ะตะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะพะน ััะฐะฝะพะฒะธััั ะะฐะปะตัะธะน ะัั , ัะถะต ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะผะตัััะตะฒ ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะพะปะตะฝะฝัะน ะธะท ะฆะ ะธ, ะฝะฐัะบะพะปัะบะพ ะธะทะฒะตััะฝะพ, ัะตะทะถะฐะฒัะธะน ะธะท ะ ะพััะธะธ ั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพะผ ะกะะ ะฒ ัะตะฟะปัะต ัััะฐะฝั: ะฟะพ ะบัะฐะนะฝะตะน ะผะตัะต ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ััะพะผ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ะพะฝ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปัั ะฟัะธะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ััะดะฐ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ะบัะดะฐ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะฐะปัั ะบะฐะบ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะดะปั ะฟะพััะฝะตะฝะธะน ัะฐะบัะฐ ะฒะฝะตัะตะฝะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฆะ. ะะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝั ะฑัะป ัะพ ัะบะฐะฝะดะฐะปะพะผ ะทะฐะบััั ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะพะน, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ัะปะตะนั ะทะฐะบะฐะทัั ะธ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน ััะฝัะปัั ะทะฐ ะฝะธะผ ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ. ะัั ะฐ ัะฒะพะปะธะปะธ ะธะท ะฆะ.
ะ ะฐะฒะณัััะต ะัั ะฒะตัะฝัะปัั ะฒ ะ ะพััะธั ะธ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะธะป ะคะพะฝะด ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ, ัะผะตััะธะฒ ะกะฐัะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ. ะ ััะด ะดะปั ะดะฐัะธ ะฟะพััะฝะตะฝะธะน ะฟะพ ัะตะฟัะตััะธัะผ ะฆะ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฐะบ ะธ ะฝะต ัะฒะธะปัั.
ะัั ะฐโะบ ะพัะฒะตัั
ะัั ะทะฐะดัะผัะฒะฐะป ะผะฐะฝะตะฒั ั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะพะผ ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะณะพ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ั 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ 12 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะตัะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐั ะฒ ะฆะ. ะะฝ ะฒะบะปััะธะป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฒะทััั ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะฟะพะด ัะฒะพะต ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะคะพะฝะดะต ะทะฐัะธัั ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ โ ะบััะฐัะธ, ะฟัะพัะพะบะพะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะธ ะฒ ััะพั ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฒ ะฆะ ะฝะต ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธะธ ะฒ ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐะป ะปะธัะฝะพ ะัั .
ะะธัะฝะพ ะัั ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะธะป ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฒ ะะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะธ ะ ะพัะบะพะผะฝะฐะดะทะพั ะดะปั ะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะบะธ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะนัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ััะพ ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะฒััะตะบะฐะปะพ ะธะท ะฒะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ ะธ ะฑัะปะพ ัะดะตะปะฐะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฑัััะธัั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ััะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะฐะฑะพัะฐััะตะณะพ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตัะพััะธะนัะบะพะผ ะผะฐัััะฐะฑะต ะฟัะตะถะดะต ะฒัะตะณะพ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะฐะนัะฐ (ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฝะพะฒัะน ัะฐะนั โ ะฒะฝะต ะทะพะฝั ะบะพะฝััะพะปั ะ ะพัะบะพะผะฝะฐะดะทะพัะฐ โ ะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธะป).
ะ ัะตะฟะตัั ะัั ะฟััะฐะตััั ะพัะพะฑัะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ัะตัะตะท ะปะธะฟะพะฒัะน ะคะพะฝะด ะทะฐัะธัั ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ, ะพะบะฐะทัะฒะฐั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฝะฐ ะฒะตะดะพะผััะฒะพ ะัะฐัะฝะพะฒะฐ, ััะดั. ะะฝ ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะดะตัััั ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะปะธัะตะฝั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั. ะะพ ะตะณะพ ะฒะธะฝะต ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะปัะดะธ, ะณะพัะพะฒัะต ะธะดัะธ ะฝะฐ ะกะะ, ะฑะพัััั ััะพ ะดะตะปะฐัั, ััะพะฑั ะฝะต ะปะธัะธัััั ะบะฒะฐััะธัั, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฑัะดัั ะฒะพะตะฒะฐัั.
ะะตัะพะผะฝะตะฝะฝะพ, ะปะธัะฝะพ ะัั ะฟะพะปััะธั ะธัะบะธ ะพั 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะพั ะดะตัััะธ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั .
ะะพ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะฐะตั ะฒะพะฟัะพั, ะบะฐะบ ะะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะตะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะธ ะะฐะนะฝะพ ะธ ะะธัะธะตะฝะบะพ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ัะพะผั, ััะพ ัะธะฝะพะฒะฝะธะบ-ะฟัะตะดะฐัะตะปั, ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตั ะัั , ะฑะตะถะฐะฒัะธะน ะธะท ัััะฐะฝั ะฒ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ะฒะพะนะฝั, ะฒะดััะณ ะฒะพะทะณะปะฐะฒะปัะตั ะพะดะฝั ะธะท ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ-ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ััััะบััั? ะััะฐัะธ, ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะปะธ ะพะฝ ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ? ะะปะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะฐะฝััะต, ะฒ ัะตะฟะปัั ะฝะตะดััะถะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัััะฐะฝะฐั ?
ะะฐะบ ะะธะฝัะธะฝ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะฐ ะกะธะปัะฐะฝะพะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ัะพะผั, ััะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั ะฝะตะบะฐั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธั ั ะฝะตะฟะพะฝััะฝัะผ ััะฐัััะพะผ, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐััะฒะฐััะฐั ะฐะบัะธะฒั? ะะตะณะฐะปัะฝัั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ััััะบััั ะดะปั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะทะฐะดะฐั ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ?
ะะฐะบ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะฆะ ะธ ะปะธัะฝะพ ะะฐะฑะธัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ัะพะผั, ััะพ ะพั ะตะณะพ ะธะผะตะฝะธ ะดะตะนััะฒะพะฒะฐะป ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตั โ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะฐั ัั ะตะผะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ะฒัะบัััะฐ?
ะะฐะบ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟัะพะบััะพั ะัะฐัะฝะพะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะธััั ะบ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะัะพะบััะฐัััะพะน ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะธะน ะดะปั ะณััะทะฝัั ะดะตะป ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะปะพะฑะฑะธััะพะฒ? ะ ัะฟะพัะพะฑะฝะฐ ะปะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะทะฐััะฐะฒะธัั ะัั ะฐ ะฒัะต-ัะฐะบะธ ะฟัะธะนัะธ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะน ััะด ะดะปั ะดะฐัะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปััะบะธั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะน ะธ ััะฐััะธั ะฒ ะฟะตัะตะบัะตััะฝะพะผ ะดะพะฟัะพัะต?
ะะฐะบะพะฝะตั, ะบะฐะบ ะกะปะตะดะบะพะผ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะฐ ะะฐััััะบะธะฝ ะพัะฝะพััััั ะบ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดััะตะผั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัะธั ะณะปะฐะทะฐั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธั ััะพะฒะฝั ะตะณะพ ัะตะฝััะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ?
ะะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะพ ััะตะฑััั ะพัะฒะตัะฐ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะฒัะตั ััะธั ััััะบััั.
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ โ ยซะบัััะฐยป ะธะปะธ ยซั ะฒะพััยป?
ะะธะฝะธััั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะปะธะฑะพ ะฟะพะบัะพะฒะธัะตะปัััะฒัะตั ัะฒะพะธะผ ะบะพัััะผะฟะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะฐะผ, ะปะธะฑะพ ะพะฝะธ ะฒะตัััั ะธะผ ะบะฐะบ ั ะพััั
ะัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะฒะพะนะฝั ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะผะฐัะบะตัะธะฝะณะพะฒะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะพะผ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะธะพะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป (ัะพััะธะนัะบัั ัะฐััั ะบะพัะพัะพะน ะพะฝะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะธัั ะฒะทะพัะฒะฐัั ะธะทะฝัััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะฐะณะตะฝัะฐ โ ะฐะนัะธัะฝะธะบะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะะฒะณะตะฝะธั ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ, ะบะพัะพััะน ัะบัะฐะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒะผะตััะต ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะฟะพะดะตะปัะฝะธะบะฐะผะธ-ยซะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะผะธยป, ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธะฒ ะฒ ััะพะผ ะฝะตะฒะธะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน). ะ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟะพััะตะฑะธัะตะปััะบะพะณะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฐะฒัะพัะพะผ ะธะดะตะธ ะบะพัะพัะพะณะพ ัะฐะบะถะต ัะฒะปัะตััั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ.
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ โ ยซะบัััะฐยป ะธะปะธ ยซั ะฒะพััยป?
ะฆะตะปั ะฒะพะนะฝั โ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐั ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะฝะฐ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะฐั ะพะดัััั ะฝะฐ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธะผะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะบัั ะถะต ััะผะผั. ะะฐั ะฒะฐั โ ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะตัะฐั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธัะฒะพะธัั ััะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒั, ะฝะตะฒะทะธัะฐั ะฝะฐ ัะพ ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ โ ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ.
ะ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต โ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ัะพัะตะฝ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะ ะพะดะธะฝั ะฝะฐ ะฒะพะนะฝะต, ะฐ ั ะธั ะดะตะฝัะณะฐะผะธ ะฒ ััะปั ัะฒะพัะธััั ัะพัะผะตะฝะฝัะน ะฑะตัะฟัะตะดะตะป.
ะญัั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัั ะฐะบัะธั ะฟะพะบััะฒะฐะตั ะผะธะฝะธััั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะ ะพััะธะธ โ ะปะธะฑะพ ะฟะพัะพะผั, ััะพ ะพะฝ ัะฐะผ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะปะธัะฝะฐั ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ััะพัั ะทะฐ ััะธะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ, ะปะธะฑะพ ะฟะพัะพะผั, ััะพ ะพะฝ ะฟะพะปะฝะพัััั ะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพ, ะพั ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
ะัะดะฐ ะธะดะตั ััะด
ะััััะฟะฐั ะฟัะพัะปะพะน ะพัะตะฝัั ะฒ ะกะพะฒะตัะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ, ะผะธะฝะธััั ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะป ะพ ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป โ ยซะะตัะผะตัยป โ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพะฑะตัะฐะป ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะธ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั . ะัะตัั-ัะปัะถะฑะฐ ะะะ ะฟะพะด ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพะผ ะตะณะพ ะฑะพะตะฒะพะน ะฟะพะดััะณะธ ะัะธะฝั ะะพะปะบ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะฒัะบัััะฐ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะธััะพัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะธ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒะพะน ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ะธะปะธ, ะฒะตัะฝะตะต ัะบะฐะทะฐัั, ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะป ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, 282 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน ััะตัะฑะฐ ะธ 221 ะปะธัะพ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ: ะฝะธะบะฐะบะธั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะพะฒ ะธ ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั .
ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะดะฐะถะต ัะฐะบะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั ัะฐัััะฟะฐัััั ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ั ะผะฐััะฐ ะธะดะตั ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต. ะะธ ะตะดะธะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐ, ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะฐััะตะณะพ ะฟะพะทะธัะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะฝะต ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะพ. ะขะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัะต ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะต ัะถะต ะฑะพัััั ะฟัะธั ะพะดะธัั ะฒ ััะด โ ะฝะฐ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะตัะตะด ะผะตัััะฝัะผ ะปะตัะฝะธะผ ะฟะตัะตััะฒะพะผ ะฝะต ัะฒะธะปัั ะฝะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั .
ยซะะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะตยป ะธ ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธะต
ะะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะฐ ััะดะต ะทะฐัะฒะปััั ััะผะผั ะพะบะพะปะพ 1โ2 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒัััะฝัะตััั, ััะพ ะพะฝะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปะพ, ะฟะพะปััะฐะปะธ ะฝะตะผะฐะปัะน ะดะพั ะพะด, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ะพะฝะธ ะตัะต ะธ ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒัะต/ะฒะฐะปััะฝัะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ััะพั ะดะพั ะพะด ะฝะต ะดะตะบะปะฐัะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ. ะกัะตะดะธ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต, ะทะฐัะฒะปัััะธะต ัะผะตั ะพัะฒะพัะฝัะต ััะผะผั ะฒ 50โ70 ััั., ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ัะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะปะพัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ. ะ ะดะฐะถะต ั ััะธะผ ะฝะฐะบัััะธะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ัะดะฐะปะพัั ะฝะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฐะบ ะผะฐะปะพ โ ััะธััะฒะฐั, ััะพ ั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะฟะพ ะดะฐะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะถะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั, ะฑะพะปะตะต 200 ััั. ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะฐ ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะต ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะพะบะพะปะพ 20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ.
ะขะพ ะตััั ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ััะธั ะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะน. ะกัะดั ะฟะพ ัััััะฐะผ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะน ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธะผ ะฒะพะปะฝะฐะผ ะผะธัะธะฝะณะพะฒ, ะฟัะพะบะฐัะธะฒัะธั ัั ะฟะพ ะ ะพััะธะธ, ะพะฝะธ ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป.
ะะตะดั ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฟะธัะตััะบะธะผ ะฃะญะะธะะ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝ ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะพะน ัะธััะตะผั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะป ะธ ัะฐะทะณัะพะผะธะป ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต 2022 ะณะพะดะฐ ััั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝัั ัะธััะตะผั, ะฟะพะฒะตัะธะฒ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะดะธัะบะปะตะนะผะตั: ยซะะฑัะฐัะฐะนัะตัั ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝัยป, ััะพ ะฝะฐ ะผะตัััั ะฟัะตะบัะฐัะธะปะพ ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะดะพ ะธ ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐัััะดะฝะธะปะธ ะฒัะฒะพะด ะดะตะฝะตะณ. ะะตะปะพ ะฒ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะผะฝะพะณะธะผะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะปัั ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ p2p, ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัััะธะน ะฝะต ะฟะปะฐัะธัั ะบะพะผะธััะธั, ัะพ ะตััั ะดะปั ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฝัะถะฝะพ, ััะพะฑั ะบัะพ-ัะพ ะฒะฝะพัะธะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ (ััะพ, ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ัะตะทะบะพ ัะพะบัะฐัะธะปะพัั ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ) ะธ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธะป ะพะฑะผะตะฝ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ััะพั ัะฟะพัะพะฑ ะฝะต ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝัะน, ะฒัะฒะพะด ััะตะดััะฒ ัะฐะบ ะธะปะธ ะธะฝะฐัะต ะพัััะตััะฒะปัะตััั.
ะขััััะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ะฝะต ััะธัะฐัั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ ะพั ะตะณะพ ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััะธ โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฒะพัะฟัะตะฟััััะฒะพะฒะฐะปะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฐ ะพะฝะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ ะดะฒัั ะปะตัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะตะณะพ ััะตัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตัะตะฝะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะตะถะฝะตะน ัะตะฝะต.
ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั ะฟััะผะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐัั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ัะตัะธะฒัะธะผ ะทะฐะฑัะฐัั ัะฒะพะน ะฟะฐะน, โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฟะพ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะปะธััะฐะผ ััะดะพะฒ. ะ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐะผ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป, ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะฐะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะผะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐะฝะตัะตะฝ ะบะพะปะพััะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ โ ะธ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน, ะบะพัะพััะน ะพะฝะธ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝั ะฒะทััะบะฐัั ั ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะฐ.
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ โ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะกะะ
ะ ัะธัะปะต ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะฒัะธั โ ััะฐััะฝะธะบะธ ะกะะ ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะต. ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ัะตัะตะท ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะดัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะฝะธะทะธะป ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั , ะฟััะฐะตััั ัะฝะธััะพะถะธัั ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฒะฐะถะฝัะต ะดะปั ะฝะธั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผั.
ะะะ ัะฒะพัะธั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะน ะฑะตัะฟัะตะดะตะป ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัะผ. ะะท-ะทะฐ ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะผะธะฝะธัััะฐ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ ะฝะธะบัะพ ะฝะต ะทะฐั ะพัะตั ะธะดัะธ ัะปัะถะธัั ะฒ ะฐัะผะธั โ ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฑะพะตั ะฑัะดะตั ะทะฐัะธัะฐัั ะ ะพะดะธะฝั, ะตะณะพ ะธะผััะตััะฒะพ ะพัะฝะธะผัั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ะะะ.
ะกะตะผั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะะฃ ะะะ
ะะปะธะตะฝัั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป ะธ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฟะพัััะฐะดะฐะปะธ ะพั ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปะตะน: ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฒะตะปะธัั ะพัะบัะพะฒะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะฝัะผ ะฟััะตะผ.
1. 1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะฟัะพัะปะพะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ, ะฝะฐัััะฐััะธะผ ะฃะะ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ โ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั. ะะฒัะพั ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะบะธ โ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะฐ โ ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตะฒัะฐะปะต ะฑัะปะฐ ัะฒะพะปะตะฝะฐ ะธะท ะะกะฃ ยซะฟะพ ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธัยป.
ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะะพะถั ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฐ ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
2. ะะพะดะดะตะปะบะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะพะบัััะธั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตััะตะทะฝะพะณะพ: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะฐ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะฑะตะท ััะพะณะพ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธั ะพะฝะฐ ะฝะต ััะฟะตะปะฐ ะทะฐ 30 ัััะพะบ ะดะพ ะธััะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ โะฐ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะฒััะต ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะฟะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ัะพะปะบะพะผ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฒะตะปะฐ ะฟะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ยซัะตะทะตัะฒะฝะพะผัยป ะดะตะปั, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะทะดะฝะตะต, ะพัะฑัะพัะธะฒ ัััะด, ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะพััััััะฒะธั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ยซะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพยป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะปะฐ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ยซะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะณะพยป ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฃะะ, ะฝะตะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะัะต ััะธ ัั ะธััะตะฝะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผั ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะฝะธ ะฒ ะบะพะตะผ ัะปััะฐะต ะฝะต ะฒัะฟััะบะฐัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะฐัั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะฐั .
3. ะะต-ัะฐะบัะพ ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะดะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะต ะฝะฐะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตะพััะถะดะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน โ ัะตัะฒะตัะพ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ัะถะต ะดะฒะฐ ั ะฟะพะปะพะฒะธะฝะพะน ะณะพะดะฐ ัะธะดัั ะฒ ััััะผะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฝะฐะบะฐะทัะฒะฐัััั ัะฒะฝะพ ะฝะธ ะฒ ัะตะผ ะฝะตะฟะพะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป: ะดะฐะถะต ะตัะปะธ ะฟัะตะดะฟะพะปะพะถะธัั, ััะพ ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดะฐ โ ััะพ ะพะฟัะพะฒะตัะณะฐะตััั ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปะตะน ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธั, ะบะพัะพััะต ัะพะพะฑัะฐัั ััะดั, ััะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป ั ะพัะพัะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะปะฐ, ะพะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตะผัะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ, ะฐ ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฟะพัะปะต ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัะพััะธะนัะบะฐั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฑัะปะฐ ะพะฑัััะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตัะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะตะน ะฟะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะธะผ ัะธัะฐะดะผะธะฝะพะผ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ. ะัะต ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะต โ ัะตั ะฝะธัะตัะบะธะต ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะธ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธ ะฝะธ ะบ ะบะฐะบะธะผ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝัะตัะบะธะผ ัะตัะตะฝะธัะผ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะฝะธะบะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะต ะธะผะตะปะธ. ะั ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะธ ะดะปั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพะฑั ะพะฝะธ ะดะฐะปะธ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ.
4. ะัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต โ ะทะฐะฒะตะดะพะผะพ ะฟะพะดะปะพะถะฝะพะต ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะณะพ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะฐ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ัะพะณะดะฐ ะบะฐะบ ััะผะผะฐ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต โ282 ะผะปะฝ, ะธ ะฒ ะดะตะปะต ะฝะตั ะฝะธ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะธัะบะพะฒะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั โ ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐ 100 ััะฑ.
5. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ััะธะผัะปะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะดะฒัั ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝัั ัะฐะบ ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะตะผัั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะผ ััะตัะฑะต ะฝะฐ ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะด (!) ััะฑะปะตะน ะบะฐะถะดะพะต โ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝะพ ะดะปั ะปะพะถะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะธััะพะถะฝัะต ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฒะพ ะฒัะตั ัะปััะฐัั , ะฝะต ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะฝัั ั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธะตะผ ัะผะตััะธ, ะฟัะธััะถะดะฐะตััั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธะผะธ ััะดะฐะผะธ ะฒ ัะฐะทะผะตัะต ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ััะฑะปะตะน.
6. ะะธ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะฝะต ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐะป ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพััั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะน ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพะผ ััะดะต. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะฝั ะฐะบัะธะฒั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธ ะฝะฐ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะธ ะฐะบัะธะฒั ัะฐััะฝัั ะปะธั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะบัั ะถะต ััะผะผั. ะญัะพ ะฝะต ััะพ ะธะฝะพะต, ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฟัะธ ััะฐััะธะธ ะพัะณะฐะฝะพะฒ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฝะตะบะพะน ะทะฐะธะฝัะตัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะฝะตะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ะธะท ัะธัะปะฐ ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป, ัะพ ะตััั ะบะพัััะฟัะธะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ัะฟะพัะฝะพ ะธะณะฝะพัะธััะตั ะะฃะกะ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะธ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ัะพ ัะฒะพะธะผะธ ะทะฐะผะฐะผะธ โ ะฝะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะพะดะฝะพะบัะฐัะฝัะต ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธั.
ะะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผ ะดะปั ัะฐะบะพะณะพ ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะฐ ะตััั โ ััะพ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะฐ ััะตะดััะฒ ะฟะพะด ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะคะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝะพ-ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะฝะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ. ะะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะฝะต ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะธะฒะฐัััั ะฐะบัะธะฒะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ััะพะณะพ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ะดะปั ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธั ะฐะฟะฟะตัะธัะพะฒ ัะตั , ะบัะพ ััะพะธั ะทะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฝัะผ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัะผ ะดะตะปะพะผ. ะ ะฟะพะฝััะฝะพ, ะฟะพัะตะผั ะพะดะฝะพ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะพะต ะปะธัะพ โ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป โ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟััะฐัััั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัั ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะทะฐ ะดััะณะพะต โ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั ยซะะตัะผะตัยป: ะฐะบัะธะฒั ยซะะตัะผะตัะฐยป โ ะทะฐ ััะฑะตะถะพะผ.
7. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฐ ัะตะฟะตัั ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ัะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐะตั ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐััั ะธั ะฒะตัะฝััั, ัะพ ะตััั ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ั ะธัะตะฝะธะต.
ะฆะฐัััะฒะพ ะปะถะธ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะฐ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะะะ ะธ ะฟัะธะผะบะฝัะฒัะฐั ะบ ะฝะตะผั ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ัะพะฒะตััะฐัั ะฝะฐััะพััะธะต ัะตะฟัะตััะธะธ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะฝะธะผะฐัะตะปะตะน, ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั , ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฝะตะทะฐัะธัะตะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน โ ัะตะฟัะตััะธะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะฒ 1937 ะณะพะดั. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะผะฐั ะธะฝะฐ ะะะ ะดะตะนััะฒัะตั ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะต ะปะพะถะฝัั ัะฒะตะดะตะฝะธะน ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ, ะฑัะฒัะตะณะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะพะฟะตััะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะฃะญะะธะะ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ ะผะฐะนะพัะฐ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะะฐัะตะฒัะบะพะณะพ. ะะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ะธ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปััั ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะปะพะผ ะฟะพะปะธัะธะธ ะ ะพััะธะนัะบะพะน ะคะตะดะตัะฐัะธะธ?
ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะฟะปะพั ะพ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะธััะตั ะฟะพะดัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัั , ะบะพัะพััะต ัะฐะทะพัััั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัั ะธ ะฟัะพัััั ะปัะดะตะน. ะะฝะธ ะทะฐะฝััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ัะฐะปััะธัะธะบะฐัะธะตะน ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝัั ะดะตะป ั ัะตะปัั ะฒัะผะพะณะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ัะฒะพะธั ะฟะพะปะฝะพะผะพัะธะน ะดะปั ะฝะฐะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั ัะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะบะฐัะผะฐะฝะพะฒ.
ะะท-ะทะฐ ะฝะตัะผะตะปะพะณะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ ะธ ะตะณะพ ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั, ะตะณะพ ะธะผะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะธ ะฒ ัะผะตะฝะธะธ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฟะพะดัะธะฝะตะฝะฝัั ัะถะต ััะธ ะณะพะดะฐ ะปะธัะตะฝั ัะฒะพะฑะพะดั ะฝะตะฒะธะฝะฝัะต ะปัะดะธ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฟัะธะฝะพัะธะปะธ ะฟะพะปัะทั ะธ ะดััะณะธะผ ะปัะดัะผ, ะธ ะฒัะตะน ัััะฐะฝะต.
ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ, ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒั, ะะฐัะตะฒัะบะพะณะพ ะธ ะธั ะฝะฐัะฐะปัััะฒะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทะฒะฐัั ะบ ะพัะฒะตัั ะทะฐ ัะฐะปััะธัะธะบะฐัะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ: ัะฝััั ั ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััะตะน ะธ ะฟะพัะฐะดะธัั ะฝะฐ ัะบะฐะผัั ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะทะฐ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธะต ะฝะตะฒะธะฝะฝัั ะปัะดะตะน ะฒ ััััะผะต, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะต ะบ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะน ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ, ะพะณัะฐะฑะปะตะฝะธะต ัะพััะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ, ัะฝะธััะพะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะพะณัะฐะผะผ, ัะฝะธะถะตะฝะธะต ััะฐััะฝะธะบะพะฒ ะกะะ ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะฒะพะตะฝะฝัั , ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟัะพัััั ัะพััะธะนัะบะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ!
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Why Thailand is making it easier for travelers to stay longer
ะคะพััะผ ะั ัะบะตัะฐ
Maybe you want to escape the winter months at home, opting instead to take care of your business on a laptop from the comfort of your rented Phuket villa as you gaze over the Andaman Sea. Or perhaps youโre ready to step into the ring and embark on a new career as a Muay Thai fighter.
Either way, Thailand has you covered.
The popular Southeast Asia destination recently introduced a new five-year visa targeted at remote workers and other travelers looking to stay in the kingdom for extended periods.
According to a statement issued by the Thai prime ministerโs office, the Destination Thailand Visa (DTV) will allow eligible travelers a period of stay up to 180 days per visit, on a multiple-entry basis, within five years. (This means they will need to leave the country when their 180 days are up, and the time resets when they re-enter.)
The government statement says the visa is open to several categories of remote workers, including digital nomads and freelancers. Itโs also aimed at those looking to visit to engage in activities such as Muay Thai training or Thai cooking classes, or come for extended medical treatments.
To apply, travelers need to show evidence that they have a minimum of 500,000 baht (about $13,800) in funds, as well as documents to support the purpose of their visit, such as a letter from a medical center or proof of employment
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A massive space rock, estimated to be the size of four Mount Everests, slammed into Earth more than 3 billion years ago โ and the impact could have been unexpectedly beneficial for the earliest forms of life on our planet, according to new research.
Typically, when a large space rock crashes into Earth, the impacts are associated with catastrophic devastation, as in the case of the demise of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago, when a roughly 6.2-mile-wide (10-kilometer) asteroid crashed off the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula in whatโs now Mexico.
But Earth was young and a very different place when the S2 meteorite, estimated to have 50 to 200 times more mass than the dinosaur extinction-triggering Chicxulub asteroid, collided with the planet 3.26 billion years ago, according to Nadja Drabon, assistant professor of Earth and planetary sciences at Harvard University. She is also lead author of a new study describing the S2 impact and what followed in its aftermath that published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
โNo complex life had formed yet, and only single-celled life was present in the form of bacteria and archaea,โ Drabon wrote in an email. โThe oceans likely contained some life, but not as much as today in part due to a lack of nutrients. Some people even describe the Archean oceans as โbiological deserts.โ The Archean Earth was a water world with few islands sticking out. It would have been a curious sight, as the oceans were probably green in color from iron-rich deep waters.โ
When the S2 meteorite hit, global chaos ensued โ but the impact also stirred up ingredients that might have enriched bacterial life, Drabon said. The new findings could change the way scientists understand how Earth and its fledgling life responded to bombardment from space rocks not long after the planet formed.
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Welcome to Stargate Finance
Stargate Finance is revolutionizing the way you engage with decentralized financial services. Our platform is designed to offer a secure, efficient, and user-friendly experience for all your financial needs in the world of decentralized finance.
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Why Choose Stargate Finance?
In the rapidly evolving world of decentralized finance (DeFi), Stargate Finance stands out as a trusted platform due to its innovative solutions and user-centric approach. Here are some reasons to choose us:
Seamless integration with major blockchain ecosystems
Advanced security protocols to protect your assets
User-friendly interface for beginners and experts alike
Core Features of Stargate Finance
Stargate Finance provides a variety of features to enhance your DeFi experience, including:
Cross-Chain Transactions: Safely send and receive assets across different blockchain networks.
Liquidity Provision: Earn rewards by providing liquidity to various liquidity pools.
Yield Farming: Maximize your returns through strategic yield farming opportunities.
How to Get Started
Getting started with Stargate Finance is simple:
Visit our official website and create an account.
Connect your crypto wallet and fund your account with preferred assets.
Explore our platformโs features and start managing your investment portfolio.
Optimize your trades across hundreds of DEXes on multiple networks
1inch swap
1inch Exchange is a decentralized exchange aggregator. It searches multiple DEXs to find the most efficient path for your trade, thus minimizing costs and maximizing returns. By splitting your transaction into parts and executing them across different platforms, 1inch achieves the best possible market rates.
Explore the 1inch Network: The Future of DeFi
The 1inch Network stands at the forefront of decentralized finance (DeFi), offering traders highly efficient cryptocurrency swap solutions across multiple platforms. This introduction to 1inch will guide you through its features, benefits, and the impact it’s making in the crypto trading ecosystem.
What Makes 1inch Unique?
1inch is renowned for being a decentralized exchange aggregator. It sources liquidity from various exchanges to offer users the best possible rates. By splitting orders across multiple platforms, 1inch minimizes slippage and maximizes the value from each trade.
Core Components of 1inch
1inch Aggregation Protocol: A sophisticated routing mechanism that finds the most efficient swapping paths across multiple decentralized exchanges.
1inch Liquidity Protocol: An automated market maker (AMM) that operates in a gas-efficient way, allowing users to provide liquidity and earn a portion of trades.
1inch DAO: A decentralized autonomous organization that allows token holders to participate in the governance of the network.
Benefits of Utilizing 1inch
By tapping into 1inch’s ecosystem, traders gain access to:
Optimal Rates: The cutting-edge algorithm ensures you’re always getting the best prices available.
Security and Trust: As a non-custodial service, your funds remain under your control at all times.
Reduced Slippage: Smart order routing minimizes discrepancies in pricing.
Community-Driven: Participate in the governance processes thanks to the 1inch DAO.
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Unlock the Power of Eigenlayer
As the blockchain landscape evolves, Eigenlayer emerges as a beacon of innovation, offering robust solutions to enhance blockchain security and customization. But what exactly does Eigenlayer bring to the table?
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Revolutionizing Blockchain Security
Security is paramount in the blockchain world, and Eigenlayer takes this seriously. By leveraging state-of-the-art technology, Eigenlayer provides an unparalleled layer of protection for blockchain protocols. This ensures that transactions are not only secure but also reliable.
Advanced Encryption: Protects data integrity and confidentiality.
Scalable Solutions: Ensures that security measures grow with your network’s demand.
Customization like Never Before
One of the most compelling features of Eigenlayer is its customization capabilities. Understanding that each blockchain project has unique needs, Eigenlayer offers a flexible architecture allowing projects to tailor solutions to their specific requirements.
Modular Design: Adapts to various use cases without sacrificing performance.
Interoperability: Seamlessly integrates with existing blockchain systems.
Empowering Blockchain Ecosystems
By providing these advanced features, Eigenlayer doesn’t just offer protection and customization; it empowers blockchain developers to push the boundaries of whatโs possible. With Eigenlayer, the limitations often faced in blockchain scalability and security are becoming a thing of the past.
Whether you are a developer seeking better security solutions or an entrepreneur aiming to launch your blockchain project with tailor-made features, Eigenlayer provides the tools and the support you need to succeed in the competitive digital landscape.
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What is DeBridge Finance?
DeBridge Finance is an innovative solution designed to facilitate seamless cross-chain blockchain operations. It empowers developers and users by allowing the transfer of data and assets across different blockchain networks efficiently and securely.
Debridge Finance
Key Features of DeBridge Finance
DeBridge Finance stands out due to its remarkable features which include:
Interoperability: The platform provides effective interoperability between multiple blockchains, eliminating the boundaries that exist.
Security: By leveraging advanced security protocols, DeBridge ensures the safe transit of data and assets.
Scalability: It is designed to handle a growing number of transactions without compromising on performance.
How Does DeBridge Finance Work?
DeBridge Finance operates through a combination of smart contracts and decentralized communication protocols. These components work together to authenticate and execute cross-chain data and asset transfers swiftly and securely.
Smart Contracts
The platform utilizes smart contracts to automate processes and ensure trustless operations across different chain environments.
Decentralized Communication
Communication across blockchains is made possible through a decentralized message protocol, enabling effective data sharing.
Benefits of Using DeBridge Finance
Choosing DeBridge Finance for cross-chain operations brings several advantages:
Cost-Effectiveness: By integrating various blockchains, it reduces the cost and complexity of using multiple networks.
Developer-Friendly: Offering robust tools and resources, DeBridge makes it easier for developers to build cross-chain applications.
Enhanced User Experience: Users benefit from smoother transactions without the need to switch between different network interfaces.
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Aerodrome Finance: Unlocking Potential for Growth
The world of aerodrome finance is pivotal for ensuring the efficient operation, enhancement, and expansion of aerodrome facilities globally. With the increasing demand for air travel, understanding aerodrome financial processes is more important than ever.
Why Aerodrome Finance Matters
Aerodrome finance plays a critical role in the lifespan of airport projects, providing necessary funding from initial development to ongoing management. Here are key reasons why it matters:
Infrastructure Development: Secure financial backing enables the construction and maintenance of essential airport infrastructure.
Operational Efficiency: Adequate funding ensures that airports can operate smoothly, adapting to technological advancements and logistical demands.
Economic Growth: Airports serve as economic hubs; their development stimulates job creation and boosts local economies.
Aerodrome Finance Strategies
Various strategies can be employed to optimize aerodrome finance, ensuring both immediate and long-term benefits. Here are a few notable approaches:
Public-Private Partnerships (PPP)
These partnerships combine public sector oversight and private sector efficiency, leading to shared risks and rewards. They facilitate diverse financial resources and innovative solutions for airport projects.
Revenue Diversification
Exploring non-aeronautical revenue streams, such as retail concessions and property leases, can significantly bolster an airport’s financial resilience. Such diversification allows for a steady income flow independent of ticket sales.
Sustainable Financing
Adopting sustainable financial practices, including green bonds and ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria, aligns with modern ecological standards and attracts environmentally conscious investors.
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ะัะปะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั lg, ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพัะผะพััะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั lg
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Denmarkโs Victoria Kj?r Theilvig wins Miss Universe 2024
ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั ะผะพะถะฝะพ
Victoria Kj?r Theilvig of Denmark has been crowned Miss Universe 2024, becoming the first Dane to ever win the competition.
The 21-year-old, a competitive dancer, entrepreneur, and aspiring lawyer, beat more than 120 other contestants to win the annual beauty pageant in Mexico City on Saturday night.
She was applauded by other contestants on stage as she accepted the tiara from reigning titleholder Sheynnis Palacios of Nicaragua.
This yearโs finale featured a performance by singer Robin Thicke and was hosted by โSaved by the Bellโ star Mario Lopez and former Miss Universe Olivia Culpo.
The glitzy pageant began with contestants being narrowed down to a shortlist of 30, based on the results of Thursdayโs preliminary event, which included a flamboyant national costume contest. The semi-finalists then paraded in swimwear, before 12 of them advanced to an evening gown contest.
When later asked what she would say to those watching, Theilvig urged viewers to โkeep fighting โฆ no matter where you come from.โ
โI stand here today because I want a change, I want to make history, and thatโs what Iโm doing tonight,โ she said.
Chidimma Adetshina of Nigeria finished as first runner-up and Maria Fernanda Beltran of Mexico was named second runner-up. Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand and Ileana Marquez Pedroza of Venezuela followed โ with Pedroza, a 28-year-old mother, making history in the top five after the competition removed several restrictions in recent years.
This year marked the first time in Miss Universeโs 72-year history that women aged over 28 were permitted to enter. More than two dozen of the finalists were older than would have been allowed in previous years, with Maltaโs Beatrice Njoya becoming the first and only woman in her 40s to reach the grand finale.
ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฐะปะบะพะณะพะปั ะผะพัะบะฒะฐ
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
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Flight attendants share secrets to surviving holiday travel
ะณะตะน ะฟะพัะฝะพ ัะปะตะฝ
Navigating airports and airplanes can be stressful at the best of times. As millions of travelers take to the skies over the busy holiday period, that inbuilt stress can hit new heights.
But it doesnโt have to, just ask the worldโs flight attendants. If anyoneโs got surviving holiday travel down, itโs these aviation experts who fly every day, sometimes multiple times a day.
To learn from their wisdom, CNN Travel chatted with Florida-based flight attendant Hunter Smith-Lihas, who works as a flight attendant on a major US airline, and veteran Australian flight-attendant-turned-psychologist Liz Simmons, to hear their tips, tricks and aviation secrets.
Whether youโre flying home for Thanksgiving or heading abroad on a New Yearโs Eve getaway, hereโs a cabin crewโs guide to surviving the ups and downs of holiday air travel.
Navigating airports and airplanes can be stressful at the best of times. As millions of travelers take to the skies over the busy holiday period, that inbuilt stress can hit new heights.
But it doesnโt have to, just ask the worldโs flight attendants. If anyoneโs got surviving holiday travel down, itโs these aviation experts who fly every day, sometimes multiple times a day.
To learn from their wisdom, CNN Travel chatted with Florida-based flight attendant Hunter Smith-Lihas, who works as a flight attendant on a major US airline, and veteran Australian flight-attendant-turned-psychologist Liz Simmons, to hear their tips, tricks and aviation secrets.
Whether youโre flying home for Thanksgiving or heading abroad on a New Yearโs Eve getaway, hereโs a cabin crewโs guide to surviving the ups and downs of holiday air travel.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
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ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะะปะฐััะพัะผะฐ ะดะพัััะฟะฝะฐ ะถะธัะตะปัะผ ะฒัะตั ัะตะณะธะพะฝะพะฒ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะฐ, ะพะฑะตัะฟะตัะธะฒะฐั ัะดะพะฑะฝัะน ะดะพัััะฟ ะบ ัะธะฝะฐะฝัะพะฒัะผ ะธะฝััััะผะตะฝัะฐะผ ัะตัะตะท ะปัะฑะพะน ะดะตะฒะฐะนั.
ะฑะฐะฝะบะธ ะะฐะทะฐั ััะฐะฝะฐ ะะธะบัะพะบัะตะดะธัั .
“ะะตะปะพ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” โ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”: ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝัะป ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ
ะจะฐะนั ัะปะธะฝะฐ ะะตััะฒะตะน
“ะะฝะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะปัััะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ”
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผ ะจะฐั ะผะธะฝ โ ะฟะตะฝัะธะพะฝะตั ะะะ. ะะธัะฝะพ ั ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัะผะธ ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผ, ะฝะพ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะทะตะฝัะฐัะธัั ะฒะธะดะตะป.
ะ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด”, “ะะตัะผะตัะต”, “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ัะทะฝะฐะป ะธะท ะกะะ ะธ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตัะฐ. ะะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัั ะะฐะปะปัะผะพะฒั ะธะท ะะตััะตะบะฐะผัะบะฐ ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะธะปะธ ะฒัััะฟะธัั. “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะธ “ะะตัะผะตั” โ ััะพ ะบะฐะบ ะฑัะดัะพ ะพะดะฝะฐ ัะธััะตะผะฐ, โ ัะพะพะฑัะธะป ะจะฐั ะผะธะฝ. โ ะฏ ัะพะณะปะฐัะธะปัั ะฒะปะพะถะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตั”, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะทะฝะฐะป ะะฐะปะปัะผะพะฒัั . ะะฝะธ ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะธ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ั ะฑะธะทะฝะตัะฐ ะฒะปะพะถะธะปะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ััะดะฐ, ะพะฝะธ ัะฐะฝััะต ะผะตะฝั ัะฐะผ ะฑัะปะธ. ะฏ ะฒะปะพะถะธะป 2,3 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฒะทัััะต ะฒ ะบัะตะดะธั ะฒ ะะฐะทะฟัะพะผะฑะฐะฝะบะต, ะธั ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะป ะะฐะปะปัะผะพะฒัะผ ะปะธัะฝะพ ะฒ ััะบะธ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะดะพะฒะตััะป, ะพะฝะธ ะณะพะฒะพัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะพัะบัะพัั ััะตั “ะะธััะฐ”. ะะฝะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ััะพ ะปัััะต ะฑะฐะฝะบะฐ ะธ ะปัััะต, ัะตะผ “ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะบั” ะฟะพะบัะฟะฐัั. ะัะปะธ ัะบะพะปัะบะพ-ัะพ ะปัะดะตะน ัะพะทัะฒะฐะตัั, ัั ะฟะพะปััะฐะตัั ะบะฐะบะธะต-ัะพ ะฟัะพัะตะฝัั ะธ ะตัะต ัะฐััะตัั. ะะฑะตัะฐะปะธ 30% ะดะพั ะพะดะฝะพััะธ, ัะบะพะฑั ะธะดะตั ะธะฝะฒะตััะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฐะบัะธะน โ ะบัะธะฟัะพะน, ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพัััั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฒััะฒะตัะธะปะธัั ะฒ ะปะธัะฝะพะผ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะต ะฒ ะตะฒัะพ, ะฟะพัะพะผ ั ัะทะฝะฐะป, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะต ะฝะฐััะพััะธะต, ััะพ ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะฐั ัะธััะตะผะฐ, ะบะพะผะฟัััะตัะฝะฐั ัะธััะฐ, ะฒะธัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะฝัะณะธ”, โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะป ะพะฝ. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะน ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะธ ะดะตะฝะตะณ ั ะจะฐั ะผะธะฝะฐ ะฝะตั, ะพะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะะฐะปะปัะผะพะฒ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป ะฝะฐ ะดะพะฟัะพัะต ั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปั, ััะพ ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะธ ะฒะฝะตั ะฝะฐ ััะตั “ะะธััะฐ”.
ะกะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะฒัะฒะตะป ัะพ ััะตัะฐ “ะะธััะฐ”, ะฟะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, 1 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ ะธ 50 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน. ะะปั ะฟะปะฐัะตะถะตะน ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะปะธ “ะะตะน ะัะพ”: ะผะพะป, ะฝะต ะฝะฐะดะพ ะฒะพะปะฝะพะฒะฐัััั, ะฑัะดะตะผ ะฒัะฒะพะดะธัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธ ะฒะตัะธัะธะบะฐัะธั. ะะพัะพะผ ั ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั ะฟะพัะฒะธะปะธัั ัะพะผะฝะตะฝะธั, ะธ ะพะฝ ะทะฐัะฒะธะป, ััะพ ั ะพัะตั ะฒัะฒะตััะธ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ. ะะฐะปะปัะผะพะฒั, ะฟะพ ะตะณะพ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผ, ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธ ะฒัััะตัะบะธ ะพัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐัั ะฒัะฒะพะด, ะดะพ ัะตั ะฟะพั, ะฟะพะบะฐ ะฆะ ะฝะต ะฒะบะปััะธะป “ะะตัะผะตั” ะฒ ะฟัะตะดัะฟัะตะดะธัะตะปัะฝัะน ัะฟะธัะพะบ.
ะะพะณะดะฐ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธัั ัััะดะฝะพััะธ, ั ะพัะตะปะธ ัะตัะตะท ัะธััะตะผั “ะกะฒะธัั” ะฒัะฒะตััะธ, ัะตัะตะท “ะขะธะฝัะบะพัั” โ ะฝะพ ััะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปะพัั: “ะะฐัะฐะปะธ ะพะฝะธ ะฟัะพัะธัั, ััะพะฑั ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธะท ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฝะต ะฒะพะทะผััะฐะปัั, ะฝะฐัะฐะปะธ ะณะพะฒะพัะธัั ะพ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะบัะธะฟัะพะฑะธัะถะต “ะะธะฝะฐะฝั” ะดะปั ะดะฐะปัะฝะตะนัะตะณะพ ะฒัะฒะพะดะฐ ะดะตะฝะตะณ. ะขะฐะบะถะต ั ัะฐะผ ะทะฐัะตะณะธัััะธัะพะฒะฐะปัั, ะฝะพ ัะพะถะต ะฝะธัะตะณะพ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะปะพัั”.
ะะพัะปะต ััะพะณะพ ะจะฐั ะผะธะฝ ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะป ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟะพะปะธัะธั. ะัะฟะปัะฒัะธะต ะฒ ั ะพะดะต ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ััะธ ะปะธัะฝัั ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐ ะฒ “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดั ะตะผั ะฝะฐ ะบะฐััั ะพะฑัััะฝะธัั ะฝะต ัะผะพะณ.
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะะพัะดะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ัะพะปัะบะพ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะผ “ะะตัะผะตัะฐ”. ะะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะฝะต ะทะฝะฐะตั.
“ะฃะทะฝะฐะปะฐ ะพ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ะฒ 2016 ะณะพะดั ะฟัะธ ะฟะตัะตะตะทะดะต ะธะท ะะพัะบะฒั ะฒะพ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธั. ะ ะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัั ะะดัะธะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะธ ะะพะปััะบะพ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะธัั ัััะฐั ะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะถะธะทะฝะธ. ะ ะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะธ ะธ ะพ ะะ “ะะตัั ะะตะน”, ะฝะพ ะผะฝะต ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฝะตะธะฝัะตัะตัะฝะพ. ะะดัะธะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะทะฝะฐะปะฐ, ััะพ ั ะฟัะพะดะฐะปะฐ ะบะฒะฐััะธัั ะธ ะดะตะฝะตะถะบะธ ั ะผะตะฝั ะตััั. ะะฝะฐั ััะพ, ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝั ัะตะปะตะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพ ัะตัะธะปะฐ ะทะฐัะฐัะธัั ะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธั “ะะตัะผะตั”. ะ ั ััะฐะปะฐ ะพัะตัะตะดะฝะพะน ะถะตััะฒะพะน. ะะฝะต ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ััะพ ะะฝะดัะธะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐัั ะณะธะฟะฝะพะทะพะผ. ะัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะดััะถะตัะบะธะต ะฑัะปะธ ะดะพ 2021 ะณะพะดะฐ. ะะฝะดัะธะฐะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒั ะพะถะฐ ะฒ ะดะพะผ, ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะฐ ั ะผัะถะตะผ. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฒะฐะปะฐ ะะฝะดัะธะฐะฝะพะฒะพะน. ะัะปะพ ะพัะบัััะพ ััะธ ััะตัะฐ” โ ัะฐััะบะฐะทะฐะปะฐ ะะพัะดะฐ. ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ััะฒะตัะถะดะฐะตั, ััะพ ะดะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะธ ัะฐะทั ะฝะต ัะฝะธะผะฐะปะฐ.
ะะฐัะฒะปัะตั ััะตัะฑ ะฒ ะฑะพะปะตะต 700 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะฐั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะตะน ะจะฐะนั ัะปะธะฝะฐ (ะดะพะฟัะพัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฟะพ ะะะก ั ะกะฐะผะฐัะพะน) โ ะบะปะธะตะฝั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ “ะะตัะผะตั”. ะะท ะฟะพะดััะดะธะผัั ะทะฝะฐะตั ะะธะบัะพัะฐ ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ ะธ ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝะฐ.
“ะะตัะฒัะน ะดะพะณะพะฒะพั ั “ะะตัะผะตัะพะผ” ะทะฐะบะปััะธะปะฐ ะฒ 2019 ะณะพะดั, ะฒัะพัะพะน โ ะฒ 2021 ะณะพะดั. ะะฝะตัะปะฐ 1 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ. ะะพะณะพะฒะพัั ัะบะฐัะธะฒะฐะปะฐ ั ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตัะฐ, ะพัะดะฐะปะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะฝัะผะธ 70 ััั. ััะฑ. ะ ะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตั ัะฐะผะฐ ะทะฐั ะพะดะธัั ะผะพะณะปะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะธัั ะฝะต ะฑัะปะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ. ะะฑะตัะฐะปะธ ะฟะปะฐะฒะฐััะธะน ะฟัะพัะตะฝั ะพั 20% ะฒ ะณะพะด. ะัะพัะพะน ััะตั ะพัะบััะปะฐ ะฝะฐ 1 ััั. ะตะฒัะพ. ะะตัะตะฒะพะดะธะปะฐ ัะฐััะฝัะผ ะปะธัะฐะผ ะฝะตะฑะพะปััะธะต ััะผะผั. ะะตะฝัะณะธ ะฝะฐ ััะตัั ะฟะพัะฒะปัะปะธัั ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะตัะตะฒะพะดะฐะผ. ะะตะท ะฟะพะผะพัะธ ะบะพะฝััะปััะฐะฝัะฐ ะัั ะฝะพะฒะฐ ะฒัะฒะพะดะธัั ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะฐะปะพัั. “ะะตัะผะตั” ัะฒะพะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐ ะธัะฟะพะปะฝัะป, ะฝะฐัะธัะปัะปะธ ะฟัะพัะตะฝัั, ะฐะถะธะพ ะฑัะฐะปะธ. ะฏ ัะฐะผะฐ ะฝะต ะฒะฝะธะบะฐะปะฐ, ะฝะพ ะฒะธะดะตะปะฐ, ััะพ ะบะฐะถะดัะน ะผะตััั ะฝะฐัะธัะปะตะฝะธั ะฑัะปะธ. ะ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตั ะทะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ัะฐะท ะฒ ะผะตััั. ะ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ัะฐะท ะฒ ะบะฐะฑะธะฝะตั ะทะฐั ะพะดะธะปะฐ ะฝะฐะบะฐะฝัะฝะต ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะพัะณะฐะฝั. ะะพัะพะผ ะตะณะพ ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะธ”, โ ะณะพะฒะพัะธั ะพะฝะฐ.
“ะก ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะตัะตะฝะทะธะตะน ะฒ “ะะตัะผะตั” ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะฐัั, ะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบั ะฟะธัะฐะปะฐ. ะัะฒะตัะธะปะธ, ััะพ ะฒะตะดัััั ัะฐะฑะพัั, ัะบะพัะพ ะพัะบัะพัั. ะะบัะพะฒ ัะฒะตัะบะธ ั “ะะตัะผะตัะพะผ” ะฝะตั ั ะผะตะฝั, ะฒ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะพ-ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฒะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ะทะฐ ะฒะพะทะฒัะฐัะพะผ ะดะตะฝะตะณ ะฝะต ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะฐัั, ะฝะธ ั ะบะฐะบะธะผะธ ััะธััะฐะผะธ ะฝะต ะพะฑัะฐะปะฐัั. ะะฐัะบะฝัะปะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะบะฐะฝะฐะป ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตัะต โ ัะฐะผ ะฑัะป ัะพะฒะตั ะฟะธัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะพั ัะฐะฝะธัะตะปัะฝัะต ะพัะณะฐะฝั”, โ ะดะพะฑะฐะฒะปัะตั ะพะฝะฐ.
ะะฐัะฒะปัะตั ะพะฑััั ััะผะผั ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ 2 430 430 ััะฑ.: “ะฏ ะฒะทัะปะฐ ะบัะตะดะธั, ะฟะปะฐัั ัะตะฟะตัั ะฟัะพัะตะฝัั, ะฟะพััะพะผั ััั ััะผะผั ะฟัะพัะตะฝัะพะฒ ั ะพัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั”. ะัะธ ััะพะผ ะฒ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ัะธะณััะธััะตั ััะผะผะฐ ะฒ 1 650 000 ััะฑ. ััะตัะฑะฐ.
ะจะฐะนั ัะปะปะธะฝะฐ ะฟะพััะฝัะตั, ััะพ “ะทะฐะฑัะปะฐ ะฟัะพ 800 ััั., ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะผะฝะต ะบะฐััั ะฟะตัะตะฒะตะปะธ 900 ััั. ะัั ะฝะพะฒ ัะบะฐะทะฐะป: “ะะฝะธ ั ัะตะฑั ะฑัะดัั ะปะตะถะฐัั, ะดะฐะฒะฐะน ะพะฑัะฐัะฝะพ ะฒะฝะตัะตะผ”, ะธ ั ะฒะฝะตัะปะฐ 850 ััั. ะณะดะต-ัะพ. ะฏ ัะพะปัะบะพ ััะพ ะฒัะฟะพะผะฝะธะปะฐ ะฟัะพ 800 ััั.”.
Italyโs working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัะน ะบะพัะตะป ะบะพะฝะดะธัะตััะบะธะน
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the townโs fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Hereโs how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was โnothing less than a miracleโ when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Hereโs how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment โgolden visasโ has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italyโs tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this yearโs World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judgesโ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a โvoluptuous โฆ match of protein and fat,โ one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
Italyโs working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
ะบะพััะป ะดะปั ะฒะฐัะบะธ
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the townโs fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Hereโs how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was โnothing less than a miracleโ when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Hereโs how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment โgolden visasโ has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italyโs tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this yearโs World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judgesโ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a โvoluptuous โฆ match of protein and fat,โ one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
Italyโs working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัะน ะบะพัะตะป ะดะปั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะพะบ
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the townโs fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Hereโs how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was โnothing less than a miracleโ when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Hereโs how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment โgolden visasโ has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italyโs tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this yearโs World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judgesโ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a โvoluptuous โฆ match of protein and fat,โ one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
Italyโs working visas are notoriously hard to get. We spoke to Americans who managed it
ะบัะฟะธัั ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัะน ะบะพัะตะป
The Italian village offering $1 homes to Americans upset by the US election result was one of our top stories on CNN Travel this week.
Like many other places in rural Italy (such as Sambuca in Sicily), the Sardinian village of Ollolai has an ongoing campaign to persuade outsiders to move there to revive the townโs fortunes. Focusing on the US election result is its latest strategy.
Despite all the houses going on offer, working visas to Italy are still very limited. Professional musicians Zeneba Bowers and Matt Walker gave up their Tennessee home in 2019 and moved to a village north of Rome after securing super-rare self-employed visas. Hereโs how they did it.
California woman Chelsea Waite says it was โnothing less than a miracleโ when she snagged the new digital nomad visa that launched in April 2024, although there have been few accounts of people getting hold of one. Hereโs how it fell into place for the self-employed public relations professional.
For well-heeled Americans who set their sights beyond Italy, the options are greater. Interest in citizenship-by-investment โgolden visasโ has soared since the election, according to consultants who help the wealthy migrate.
Ham, cheese and bread
Parma ham is one of Italyโs tastiest exports, but fans of the cured delicacy should prepare themselves for potential disappointment as a crisis threatens supplies and drives up prices.
Over in the world of dairy, this yearโs World Cheese Awards saw 4,786 cheeses from 47 countries assembled in the Portuguese city of Viseu to face judgesโ scrutiny. The winning coagulated curd was a โvoluptuous โฆ match of protein and fat,โ one juror said.
Finally, in the disputed Kashmir region of India, bakers are producing breads that could rival France. The rich bread culture is a legacy of the Silk Road trade route that once passed through the region.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฒะตะดัั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะธะบะธ. ะะตะนััะฒะธั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะตะน ะฟะพ ยซะดะตะปั ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยปยป ัะพะบะธัััั ะดะฐะถะต ััะดะตะน
ะ ะพะผะฐะฝ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ Bestway
ยซะะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะผะฝะพะถะธััั…ยป
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณ. ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผั ะดะตะปั, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะพะดะฝะฐะถะดั ะฒััะฐะฒ ะฝะฐ ะฟััั ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะธะบะฐะบ ะฝะต ะผะพะถะตั ะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัััั.
ะะพะดะดะตะปะบะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ
ะะพะปะธัะตััะฒะพ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะผั ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะผะธ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะผะฝะพะถะธััั: 1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝ ะฑัะป ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ. ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ, ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ โ ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั. ะะฐะปะพะฑะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะธัะปะต, ะผะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะท ะตะต ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะพัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะธ ะฒะพั ะฝะฐะบะพะฝะตั ัะพััะพัะปะพัั.
ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะัะตัะตะดะฝะฐั ะณััะฑะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ, ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฝะฐั, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะธ ะฟะฐัะฐะดะพะบัะฐะปัะฝะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
ะะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะต ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน
ะะพะดะดะตะปะบะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะฒ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ัะพะบัััะธั ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตััะตะทะฝะพะณะพ: ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน. ะัะปะธ ะฑั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต 4 ะธัะปั ั. ะณ., ะบะฐะบ ะพะฝะพ ะฟะธัะตั ะฒ ะฟะพะดะดะตะปัะฝัั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐั , ะฟัะธะณะปะฐัะธะปะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะดะปั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะพะฝะพ ะฑั ะฝะต ััะฟะตะปะพ ะทะฐ 30 ัััะพะบ ะดะพ ะธััะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฐ ััะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะตะดะธะฝััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะธะผ ััะพะบะฐ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ัะฟะตัะบะธ ะดะฐะถะต ัะพะปะบะพะผ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฒะตะปะฐ ะฟะฐัะฐะปะปะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฟะพ ยซัะตะทะตัะฒะฝะพะผัยป ะดะตะปั, ะฝะพ ัะตะนัะฐั, ะพัะฑัะพัะธะฒ ัััะด, ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะพััััััะฒะธั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐ ะดะปั ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ยซะฝัะถะฝะพะณะพยป ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะพะดะพะปะถะธะปะฐ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ยซะพัะฝะพะฒะฝะพะณะพยป ะดะตะปะฐ. ะะตะดะฐะฒะฝะพ ะกะ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะฐ ะพ ะฝะพะฒะพะน ัะบัะฟะตััะธะทะต โ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะดะตะนััะฒะธะธ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฝะฐ ััะฐะฟะต ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพัะตัะธั ะฃะะ, ะฟัะตะดััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐััะตะผั ัะตัะบัั ััะฐะฟะฝะพััั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะผะพะณะปะฐ ะดะตะนััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะฟะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั: ะฟัะพััะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะธัั ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต โ ะฝะพ ัะพะณะดะฐ ะฟัะธัะปะพัั ะฑั ะพัะฟััะบะฐัั ะธะท-ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะธ ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ััะพ, ะพัะตะฒะธะดะฝะพ, ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพัะตัะธั ะตะต ะฟะปะฐะฝั ะดะตัะถะฐัั ะธั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะพะถะฝะธะบะฐั .
ะัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะธะต ััะดะพะผ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธั 216-ะน ััะฐััะธ ะฃะะ ัะถะต ัะตะนัะฐั ะพัะบััะฒะฐะตั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะพัะฟะฐัะธะฒะฐัั ะพะบััะฑัััะบะธะต ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ััะดะพะฒ ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ยซัััะฐะถะธยป ัะตัะฒะตััะผ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ: ะฃะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพ-ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะดะตะบั, ะบะฐะบ ัะถะต ะฑัะปะพ ัะบะฐะทะฐะฝะพ, ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ััะฐะฟะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฐะบะพะต ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะต ะฒะตะดะตั ะบ ัะพะผั, ััะพ ะฒัะต ััะฐะฟั ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพัััะตััะฒะปััั ะทะฐะฝะพะฒะพ, ะฐ ะทะฝะฐัะธั ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฒัะฟััะบะฐัั ะธะท ะกะะะ.
ะะตั ัะพะผะฝะตะฝะธะน, ััะพ ะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ, ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฟัะธะผัั ะผะตัั ะดะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฝะฐ ััะด ะฒัะพัะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ, ััะพะฑั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะทะฐััะฝััั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะธ, ะธ ะฟะพ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ััะดะฐ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะพัะผะตะฝะธัั ะธะปะธ ัะบะพััะตะบัะธัะพะฒะฐัั. ะะฐะฒะธัั ะฝะฐ ััะด ะฑัะดัั ะฒัะตะน ะผะพััั ะฐะดะผะธะฝะธัััะฐัะธะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะฒะตัะฐ ััะบะพะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะะกะฃ.
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะดะปั ะดะตะฒััะตะบ
ะ ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะผะธัะต ะผะฝะพะณะธะต ะดะตะฒััะบะธ ะธััั ะฐะปััะตัะฝะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ัะฟะพัะพะฑั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะบะฐ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธะป ะฑั ะธะผ ัะพัะตัะฐัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะธ ะปะธัะฝัั ะถะธะทะฝั. ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฐะบะธั ะฒะฐัะธะฐะฝัะพะฒ ััะฐะปะฐ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั, ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัััะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะดะตะฝัะณะธ, ะฝะต ะฒัั ะพะดั ะธะท ะดะพะผะฐ. ะญัะพั ะฒะธะด ะทะฐะฝััะพััะธ ััะฐะป ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัะผ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะดะฐัั ัะฒะพะตะน ะณะธะฑะบะพััะธ, ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะฐะผ ะธ ะพััััััะฒะธั ัััะพะณะธั ัะฐะผะพะบ.
ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะดะปั ะผัะถัะธะฝ
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ััะตะฑัะตั ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝะฝัั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะธั ะฝะต ะฒัะตะผ. ะ ะดะฐะฝะฝะพะน ััะฐััะต ะผั ัะฐััะผะพััะธะผ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ััะพะน ะฟัะพัะตััะธะธ, ะฟัะตะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะธ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะบะธ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะดะฐะดะธะผ ัะพะฒะตัั ัะตะผ, ะบัะพ ะธะฝัะตัะตััะตััั ััะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐัััั ัััะดะฐ. ะะพะณััะทะธัะตัั ะฒ ะผะธั ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ-ัะฐะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะน ะธ ัะทะฝะฐะนัะต ะพ ัะพะผ, ะบะฐะบ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ััะฟะตัะฝะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปะธ!
ะะฝััะพ: ะะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั
ะัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะต: ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะถะตะฝัะธะฝะฐะผ ัะฝะธะบะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะดะปั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะบะฐ ะธ ัะฐะผะพะฒััะฐะถะตะฝะธั. ะกััะตะผะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ะธะฝะดััััะธะธ ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ ัะฐะทะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะน ัะพะทะดะฐะตั ะฝะพะฒัะต ะฟะตััะฟะตะบัะธะฒั ะดะปั ะถะตะปะฐััะธั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ััะพะน ััะตัะต. ะะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปะธ ะผะพะณัั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะธะท ัััะฐ ัะฒะพะตะณะพ ะดะพะผะฐ, ัััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐัั ะณะธะฑะบะธะน ะณัะฐัะธะบ ะธ ัะฐะผะพััะพััะตะปัะฝะพ ัะตะณัะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ัะฒะพั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั. ะญัะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะผะฐะบัะธะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะบะพะฝััะพะปะธัะพะฒะฐัั ะฟัะพัะตัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะดะพััะพะนะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะบะฐ.
ะขัะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะธ ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะบะฐ ะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะต ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั
ะะปั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะดะตะฒััะบะต ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒะพะฒะฐัั ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะผ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธัะผ. ะัะฝะพะฒะฝัะต ะธะท ะฝะธั – ะฒะพะทัะฐัั ะพั 18 ะปะตั, ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝะฐั ะฒะฝะตัะฝะพััั, ะบะพะผะผัะฝะธะบะฐะฑะตะปัะฝะพััั, ัะผะตะฝะธะต ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ั ะบะฐะผะตัะพะน. ะะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฒะบะปััะฐะตั ะพะฑััะตะฝะธะต ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะผ ะฒะธะดะตะพััะฐะฝัะปััะธะน, ัะพะทะดะฐะฝะธะต ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะธะผะธะดะถะฐ, ะพัะฒะพะตะฝะธะต ัะฟะตัะธัะธะบะธ ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฝะฐ ะฟะปะฐััะพัะผะฐั ะดะปั ะฒะทัะพัะปัั . ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ััะตะฑัะตั ัะฐะผะพะดะธััะธะฟะปะธะฝั, ัััะดะพะปัะฑะธั ะธ ะณะพัะพะฒะฝะพััะธ ะบ ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะฝัะธะดะตะฝัะธะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ.
ะขะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ัะพะฒะตัั ะดะปั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั
ะะปั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐัั ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะธ ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัั ะฟะพะปะตะทะฝัะผ ัะพะฒะตัะฐะผ. ะะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะบะปััะตะฒัั ะผะพะผะตะฝัะพะฒ โ ัะฒะตัะตะฝะฝะพััั ะฒ ัะตะฑะต ะธ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตะปะต, ััะพ ะฟะพะทะฒะพะปะธั ะฟัะธะฒะปะตะบะฐัั ะฑะพะปััะต ะทัะธัะตะปะตะน. ะขะฐะบะถะต ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะธัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฒััััะฟะปะตะฝะธั, ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐั ัะฐะทะปะธัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝัะตะฝั, ะพั ะพะฑัะตะฝะธั ั ะทัะธัะตะปัะผะธ ะดะพ ะฟะพะบะฐะทะฐ ัััะธะฟัะธะทะฐ. ะะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฒัะดะตะปััััั ััะตะดะธ ะบะพะฝะบััะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะธะฒะฐัั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ั ะทัะธัะตะปัะผะธ ะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝะพ ัะฐะทะฒะธะฒะฐัั ัะฒะพะธ ะฝะฐะฒัะบะธ.
ะะฟะฐัะฝะพััะธ ะธ ะผะธัั ะพ ัะฐะฑะพัะต ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั
ะ ะฐะฑะพัะฐ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะดะปั ะดะตะฒััะตะบ ัะฐััะพ ะพะบััะถะตะฝะฐ ะผะฝะพะถะตััะฒะพะผ ะพะฟะฐัะฝะพััะตะน ะธ ะผะธัะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะธะผ ะธะท ัะฐัะฟัะพัััะฐะฝะตะฝะฝัั ะทะฐะฑะปัะถะดะตะฝะธะน ัะฒะปัะตััั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ััะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ ัะฒัะทะฐะฝะพ ั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพะน ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพัััั ะธะปะธ ัะตะบัะพะผ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ, ะฒ ัะตะฐะปัะฝะพััะธ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปะตะน ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฒ ัะฐะผะบะฐั ะทะฐะบะพะฝะฐ ะธ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะปััั ะฟัะพััะพ ัะฐะทะฒะปะตะบะฐัะตะปัะฝัะน ะบะพะฝัะตะฝั. ะะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟะพะผะฝะธัั, ััะพ ะปัะฑะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ, ะฒะบะปััะฐั ััั, ะผะพะถะตั ะธะผะตัั ัะฒะพะธ ัะธัะบะธ, ะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฑััั ะพัะผะพััะธัะตะปัะฝัะผ ะฟัะธ ะฒัะฑะพัะต ัะฐะฑะพัะพะดะฐัะตะปั ะธ ะพะฑัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะฐัะดะธัะพัะธะตะน.
ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั: ัะฐะผะพัะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ะธ ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ
ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะธะต ะฐัะฟะตะบัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปัั ะธะณัะฐัั ะฒะฐะถะฝัั ัะพะปั ะฒ ััะฟะตั ะต ะธ ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะธะธ ะดะตะฒััะตะบ. ะญัะพั ัะธะฟ ัะฐะฑะพัั ััะตะฑัะตั ะฝะต ัะพะปัะบะพ ั ะพัะพัะตะน ะฒะฝะตัะฝะพััะธ, ะฝะพ ะธ ัะธะปัะฝะพะน ะฟัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะพะน ัััะพะนัะธะฒะพััะธ. ะ ะฐะทะฒะธัะธะต ะปะธัะฝะพััะธ ะธ ัะฐะผะพะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบะฐ ััะฐะฝะพะฒัััั ะบะปััะตะฒัะผะธ ัะฐะบัะพัะฐะผะธ ะดะปั ััะฟะตัะฝะพะน ะบะฐััะตัั. ะะฐะถะฝะพ ัะดะตะปััั ะฒะฝะธะผะฐะฝะธะต ัะฒะพะตะน ะฟัะธั ะธัะตัะบะพะน ัััะพะนัะธะฒะพััะธ, ะพะฑััะฐัััั ะฝะฐะฒัะบะฐะผ ัะฐะผะพัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะธ ัะผะตัั ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธัั ะฟะพะดะดะตัะถะบั ะฒ ัะปะพะถะฝัั ัะธััะฐัะธัั . ะัะธั ะพะปะพะณะธัะตัะบะพะต ะฑะปะฐะณะพะฟะพะปััะธะต ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ะฒะตะฑะบะฐะผ ะผะพะดะตะปะธ ะดะพะฑะธัััั ััะฟะตั ะฐ ะธ ะดะพะปะณะพััะพัะฝะพะน ััะฐะฑะธะปัะฝะพััะธ.
ะะฐะฒะฐะนัะต ะฟะพะณะพะฒะพัะธะผ ะพ ะะพะผะฐัะพะฒะต. ะะพั ะบะฐะบ ะธะท ะพะฑััะฝะพะณะพ ัะพัะตัะฐ, ะฝะต ัััะดะพััััะพะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝะพ, ะฟััะฐัััั ัะดะตะปะฐัั “ะบะปััะตะฒะพะณะพ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปั”. ะญัะพั ัะตะปะพะฒะตะบ ะฟะพะฝััะธั ะฝะต ะธะผะตะป, ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป ะธะปะธ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป. ะฃ ะฝะตะณะพ ะพะฑัะฐะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต โ ะฒะพัะตะผั ะบะปะฐััะพะฒ. ะะผั ััะพ ัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธ, ัะพ ะพะฝ ะธ ะฟะพะฒัะพััะตั. ะ, ะบะพะฝะตัะฝะพ, ะบะพะณะดะฐ ะตะณะพ ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะด, ะผะฐัะธะฝะฐ ยซัะปััะฐะนะฝะพยป ัะปะพะผะฐะปะฐัั. ะะพััััะฐััะฐั ะฟะพะฟััะบะฐ ะฟะพััะฝััั ะฒัะตะผั. ะะพ ะฒัั ััะพ ัะถะต ัะผะตัะฝะพ. ะกัะดัะต ะฟะปะตะฒะฐัั ะฝะฐ ะตะณะพ ะพัะผะฐะทะบะธ. ะัััั ะฟัะธะตะทะถะฐะตั ะธ ัะฐััะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะตั ัะฒะพะธ ัะบะฐะทะบะธ ะฒะถะธะฒัั, ะฟะพะด ะฟัะธััะณะพะน. ะ ะบะพะฝัะต ะบะพะฝัะพะฒ, ัะตะฐะปัะฝัั ะดะพะบะฐะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะฟัะพัะธะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฝะตั, ะฟะพัะพะผั ััะพ ะธั ะฒะพะพะฑัะต ะฝะธ ั ะบะพะณะพ ะฝะตั! ะญัะพ ะฟัะพััะพ ะตัะต ะพะดะธะฝ ะฐะบัะตั ะฒ ะฟะปะพั ะพะน ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะบะต.
ะัะพ ัั ะตััั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะผะพะผ ะดะตะปะต?
ะ ัะตะผ ัะฒะพะต ะฟัะตะดะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝะธะต?
ะ ะบะฐะบะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะธ ะปะตะถะธั ัะฒะพะน ะฟััั ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะตะฑะต
ะฟะพ ะฝะตะผั ะธะดัะธ?
ะะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะงะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ ัะฐััะบะฐะถะตั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ!
– ะัะธะฝะพัะธั ััะฒััะฒะพ ัะพะณะปะฐัะธั ั ัะพะฑะพะน – ะะฐัั ะพะฟะพัั
ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั – ะัะธะฝะพัะธั ััะฒััะฒะพ ัะพะณะปะฐัะธั ั
ัะพะฑะพะน – ะะฐัั ะฟัะฐะฒะพ ะฑััั ัะพะฑะพะน
– ะะฐัั ะพะฟะพัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั
– ะะฐัั ะพะฟะพัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั – ะะฐัั ะบะพะฝะบัะตัะฝัะต ัะตะบะพะผะตะฝะดะฐัะธะธ ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะฝััะธั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน
– ะะพะทะฒะพะปัะตั ะฒััััะพะธัั ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ัััะฐัะตะณะธั ะถะธะทะฝะธ ะธ ะบะฐััะตัั – ะะฐัั ะพะฟะพัั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะธัะพะดะฝัะต ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผั
ะขะธะฟั (ะะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะงะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ). ะะฐะฝะธัะตััะพั,
ะัะพะตะบัะพั, ะะตะฝะตัะฐัะพั, ะ ะตัะปะตะบัะพั (ะะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะงะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ) ยท ะัะพัะธะปั (Human Design).
ะะธะทะฐะนะฝ ะงะตะปะพะฒะตะบะฐ – ะัะพัะธะปั.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
ะัะปะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ััะพัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั asus, ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพัะผะพััะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ััะพัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั asus
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
Kayakerโs leg amputated in 20-hour ordeal trapped between rocks on Australia river
ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัะน ะบะพัะตะป ั ะผะตัะฐะปะบะพะน
A kayakerโs leg was amputated during a dramatic, hours-long rescue operation to free him from between rocks on a river in Australia on Saturday, local police said.
The man, a foreign tourist in his 60s, was airlifted to a hospital in Tasmaniaโs state capital Hobart where he was in a critical condition, police said, adding they were contacting his family.
His 20-hour ordeal began at about 2:30pm on Friday when he became trapped while kayaking through rapids with a group on the Franklin River, police said in a statement.
Authorities received an emergency alert from the manโs smartwatch and dispatched rescue units and paramedics, police said, adding that the areaโs remoteness added complexity to the rescue effort.
Set in the rugged landscape of the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park in the island state, the powerful 129-kilometer- (80-mile-) long river is a popular spot for kayaking and rafting.
Rescuers made several unsuccessful attempts to extract the man between Friday evening and Saturday morning. When his condition deteriorated after so many hours partially submerged in the water, a decision was made in consultation with the man to amputate his leg, police said.
โThis rescue was an extremely challenging and technical operation, and an incredible effort over many hours to save the manโs life,โ said Tasmania Police Acting Assistant Commissioner Doug Oosterloo in the statement.
โEvery effort was made to extract the man before the difficult decision to amputate his leg.โ
Oosterloo also praised the emergency responders. โIโd like to thank everyone who contributed to this operation in the most difficult of circumstances,โ he said.
Kayakerโs leg amputated in 20-hour ordeal trapped between rocks on Australia river
ะฒะฐัะพัะฝัะน ะบะพัะตะป ะบะพะฝะดะธัะตััะบะธะน
A kayakerโs leg was amputated during a dramatic, hours-long rescue operation to free him from between rocks on a river in Australia on Saturday, local police said.
The man, a foreign tourist in his 60s, was airlifted to a hospital in Tasmaniaโs state capital Hobart where he was in a critical condition, police said, adding they were contacting his family.
His 20-hour ordeal began at about 2:30pm on Friday when he became trapped while kayaking through rapids with a group on the Franklin River, police said in a statement.
Authorities received an emergency alert from the manโs smartwatch and dispatched rescue units and paramedics, police said, adding that the areaโs remoteness added complexity to the rescue effort.
Set in the rugged landscape of the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park in the island state, the powerful 129-kilometer- (80-mile-) long river is a popular spot for kayaking and rafting.
Rescuers made several unsuccessful attempts to extract the man between Friday evening and Saturday morning. When his condition deteriorated after so many hours partially submerged in the water, a decision was made in consultation with the man to amputate his leg, police said.
โThis rescue was an extremely challenging and technical operation, and an incredible effort over many hours to save the manโs life,โ said Tasmania Police Acting Assistant Commissioner Doug Oosterloo in the statement.
โEvery effort was made to extract the man before the difficult decision to amputate his leg.โ
Oosterloo also praised the emergency responders. โIโd like to thank everyone who contributed to this operation in the most difficult of circumstances,โ he said.
Cleveland Browns edge past Pittsburgh Steelers in snowy Thursday Night Football showdown
ะบะพัะตะป ะดะปั ะบะพะฝะดะธัะตััะบะพะน
The weather at Huntington Bank Field was the main talking point as the Cleveland Browns hosted division rivals Pittsburgh Steelers on Thursday Night Football.
What started out as a wintery mix quickly turned to blizzard-like conditions in the second half as the Browns found a way past the Steelers 24-19 following a late touchdown from running back Nick Chubb.
With the kickoff temperature at 32 degrees Fahrenheit, the first half was a defensive tug-of-war between both teams.
Steelers kicker Chris Boswell opened the scoring with a 48-yard field goal in the second quarter. But on the ensuing possession, the Browns offense orchestrated a 12-play, 80-yard drive, capped off by a two-yard rushing touchdown by Chubb. Cleveland added a field goal before halftime to go into the locker room with a 10-3 lead.
Browns star defensive end Myles Garrett was a constant thorn in Pittsburghโs side throughout the first half, with the 2023 Defensive Player of the Year going into the break with three sacks and a forced fumble.
Just as both teams were settling in after halftime, the stadium turned into a winter wonderland as snow blanketed not only the field but fans, players and coaches alike.
ะัะตัะต ะฟะพะดัะฐะฑะพัะบั ะธะปะธ ะฟะพััะพัะฝะฝัั ัะฐะฑะพัั ะฒ ะะปะผะฐัั? ะ ะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั ะฟะตัะธะผ ะบัััะตัะพะผ ะฒ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะะดะฐ โ ััะพ ะพัะปะธัะฝะฐั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะฝะฐัะฐัั ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ะฟััะผะพ ัะตะนัะฐั! ะะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะธ ัะปะพะถะฝัั ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธะน.
ะััะผะพะต ะฟะพะดะบะปััะตะฝะธะต ะบ ะฏะฝะดะตะบั ะะดะฐ ัะตัะตะท ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธั. ะัั ะฟัะพััะพ: ะทะฐะฟะพะปะฝัะตัะต ะฐะฝะบะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต, ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธัะต ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั, ะธ ะฒั ะฒ ะดะตะปะต!
ะะปั ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะดัะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธะฝัะพัะผะฐัะธะธ ะฟะตัะตะนะดะธัะต ะฟะพ ัััะปะบะต: https://yandex-pro.kz/rabota/for-courier/almaty
ะััะฐะฒััะต ะทะฐัะฒะบั ะธ ะฝะฐัะธะฝะฐะนัะต ะทะฐัะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐัั ัะถะต ัะตะณะพะดะฝั!
https://vanille.by/ –
ะะพะฑัะพ ะฟะพะถะฐะปะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตั-ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ Vanille.by!
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ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝั ะฒะตะดััะธะต ะปัะบัะพะฒัะต ะฑัะตะฝะดั ะพั Bvlgari, Chanel, Estee Lauder, Dior, Gucci, Guerlain, Lancome, Trussardi ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะผะพะดั. ะฆะตะฝะธัะตะปะธ ะฐัะพะผะฐัะพะฒ ัะตะปะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะผะฐัะพะบ ะพัะตะฝัั ะฟะฐัััะผ ะพั Byredo, Juliette Has a Gun, Mancera, Memo Paris, Xerjoff, Attar Collection, Vilhelm Parfumerie, Nishane, Vertus ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน ะฝะธัะธ.
ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต Vanille.by ัะฐะทะผะตัะตะฝะฐ ะฟะฐัััะผะตัะฝะฐั ะฟัะพะดัะบัะธั, ะบะพัะพัะฐั ะธะผะตะตั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะพัะธะณะธะฝะฐะปัะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะธัั ะพะถะดะตะฝะธะต ะธ ะฟะพัััะฟะฐะตั ะพั ะพัะธัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน. ะั ะดะพััะฐะฒะปัะตะผ ัะปะฐะบะพะฝั ะฒะพ ะฒัะต ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะธ ัะฐะนะพะฝั ะะตะปะฐัััะธ, ััะพะฑั ะดะฐัั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ะถะธัะตะปัะผ ัะฐะผัั ะพัะดะฐะปะตะฝะฝัั ะผะตัั ะะตะปะฐัััะธ ะฟะพะปััะธัั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะฝัั ะฐัะพะผะฐั.
ะั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั!
ะะพะฑัะพ ะฟะพะถะฐะปะพะฒะฐัั ะฒ ะธะฝัะตัะฝะตั-ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ Vanille.by!
ะะตัะผะพััั ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ะธะทะพะฑะธะปะธะต ะธ ัะฐะทะฝะพะพะฑัะฐะทะธะต ะฟะฐัััะผะตัะธะธ, ะผั ะฟะพััะฐัะฐะปะธัั ัะฟัะพััะธัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะฟะพะธัะบะฐ ะธ ะฒัะฑะพัะฐ ะฝัะถะฝัั ะดัั ะพะฒ. ะะดะตัั ะฒั ัะผะพะถะตัะต ะฝะฐะนัะธ ะฟะฐัััะผะตัะธั ัะฐะทะฝะพะน ะบะพะฝัะตะฝััะฐัะธะธ ะฝะฐ ะฒัะต ัะปััะฐะธ ะถะธะทะฝะธ.
ะะฐ ัะฐะนัะต ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะปะตะฝั ะฒะตะดััะธะต ะปัะบัะพะฒัะต ะฑัะตะฝะดั ะพั Bvlgari, Chanel, Estee Lauder, Dior, Gucci, Guerlain, Lancome, Trussardi ะธ ะดััะณะธะต ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะธ ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะฟะพะฟัะปััะฝัั ะดะพะผะพะฒ ะผะพะดั. ะฆะตะฝะธัะตะปะธ ะฐัะพะผะฐัะพะฒ ัะตะปะตะบัะธะฒะฝัั ะผะฐัะพะบ ะพัะตะฝัั ะฟะฐัััะผ ะพั Byredo, Juliette Has a Gun, Mancera, Memo Paris, Xerjoff, Attar Collection, Vilhelm Parfumerie, Nishane, Vertus ะธ ะดััะณะธั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัะตะปะตะน ะฝะธัะธ.
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ะั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตะผ ะดะปั ะฒะฐั!
ะะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั
ะกะะะะะะะะะ , ะะซะกะขะ ะะะะ ะฏะ
ะะพะตั, ะญะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะญะบัะฟะตัั โ ััะพ ัะพะทะฝะธัะฝัะน ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝ, ัะพัััะดะฝะธัะฐััะธะน ั ััะดะพะผ ะพะฟัะพะฒัั ัะบะปะฐะดะพะฒ ะธ ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัะตะปะตะน. ะญัะพ ะทะฝะฐัะธั, ััะพ ะฟัะธ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพะผ ะบะพะปะธัะตััะฒะต ัะพะฒะฐัะฐ ะผั ะดะฐะดะธะผ ะพัะตะฝั ั ะพัะพัะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒะทัะปะธ ะฝะตะทะฐะฒะธัะธะผะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ัััะฐะฝะฐ ัะตะนัะฐั ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธั ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะะพะตะฝะฝัั ะะฟะตัะฐัะธั, ั ะพัะพัะฐั ัะฝะฐััะณะฐ ะธ ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบะฐ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะฒัะตะณะดะฐ. ะะพัะพะฒะธัััั ะฒ ะฑะพะน, ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะฒัะบ ะฐะบัะธะฒะฝะพ ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธัั ะฒัะตะผั ะธะปะธ ัะตัะธะป ะฟะพะดะณะพัะพะฒะธัั ััะตะฒะพะถะฝัะน ัะตะผะพะดะฐะฝัะธะบ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ัะตะฑะต. ะะฐัะธ ะบะปะธะตะฝัั: ัะพะฝะดั, ะผะตะดะธะบะธ, ัะฐะบะธะต ะถะต ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฑะพะนัั ะกะะ ะธ ะพะฑััะฝัะต ะฝะตัะฐะฒะฝะพะดััะฝัะต ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะต.
ะกะฐะผะพะต ะณะปะฐะฒะฝะพะต, ััะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะพ ะฝะฐั ะทะฝะฐัั, ะผั ะดะตัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะพะฑัััะฝัะตะผ, ััะพ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐะตั, ััะพะฑั ัั ัะดะตะปะฐะป ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝัะน ะฒัะฑะพั ะฝะต ะฟะตัะตะฟะปะฐัะธะฒะฐั.
ะะฑัะฐัะฐััั ะบ ะฝะฐะผ, ะฝะต ัะดะธะฒะปัะนัั, ะตัะปะธ ัั ะฟะพะปััะธัั ัะตััะฝัะน ะธ ะถะตััะบะธะน ะพัะฒะตั – ัะฐััะพ ัะปััะฐะตััั ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะผั ะทะฝะฐะตะผ ะปัััะต, ััะพ ะธะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะฝัะถะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะตะผั ะณะพััั. ะัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ััะพ ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะผะพะฑะธะปะธะทะพะฒะฐะฝะฝัั ะฑะตะท ะพะฟััะฐ ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะะดะตัั ัั ะผะพะถะตัั ะฟะพะปะฐะณะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะฝะฐัั ัะบัะฟะตััะฝะพััั.
ะะดะฝะฐ ะธะท ะฝะฐัะธั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฝัั ัะตะปะตะน ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััั ัะดะพะฑะฝะพะน ะธ ะฑะตะทะพะฟะฐัะฝะพะน ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ: ั ะพัั ะทะฐ ะฝะฐะปะธัะบั, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ะบะฐััะต, ั ะพัั ะฟะพ ััะตัั. ะะพะฒัะพัะธะผัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฝัะถะฝะฐ ะพะฟัะพะฒะฐั ะฟะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ, ัะพะณะปะฐััะตะผ ะธ ะพัะณััะทะธะผ. ะะผะตะฝะฝะพ ะพั ัะพะณะพ, ะบะฐะบ ัั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดะธัั ะพะฟะปะฐัั, ะทะฐะฒะธัะธั ัะตะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐ.
ะะปั ะฝะฐั ะฒะฐะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะพััะฐะฒะธัั ัะตะฑะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ัะบะธะฟะธัะพะฒะบั ะธ ัะฝะฐััะถะตะฝะธะต ัะพะฑะปัะดะฐั ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ะทะฐะบะพะฝั ะฝะฐัะตะน ัััะฐะฝั. ะะพะตั, ะฟะพะผะฝะธ, ะผั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตะผ ัะพะฝะดะฐะผ, ะฝัะถะดะฐััะธะผัั ะปัะดัะผ, ะฟะพะดัะฐะทะดะตะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฒ ะทะพะฝะต ะกะะ. ะััะตัั ะพะฑ ััะพะผ ะพะฟัะฑะปะธะบะพะฒะฐะฝั ะบะฐะบ ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต. ะะฐ ััั ะดะตััะตะปัะฝะพััั ัั ะพะดะธั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐััั ะฒััััะบะธ. ะะตะปะฐั ะฟะพะบัะฟะบะธ ะฒ ะฝะฐัะตะผ ะผะฐะณะฐะทะธะฝะต, ัั ะฟะพะผะพะณะฐะตัั ะปัะดัะผ ะธ ััะพะฝัั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝ, ััะพ ััะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตั ะพัะทัะฒ ะฒ ัะฒะพะตะผ ัะตัะดัะต.
ะฃ ะฝะฐัะตะน ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะตััั ะฝะฐะฑะพั ัะตะฝะฝะพััะตะน: ัะตััะฝะพััั, ัะฟัะฐะฒะตะดะปะธะฒะพััั, ัะพะฟะตัะตะถะธะฒะฐะฝะธะต, ะฒะทะฐะธะผะพะฟะพะผะพัั, ะผัะถะตััะฒะพ, ะฟะฐััะธะพัะธัะฝะพััั. ะฃะฒะตัะตะฝั, ัั ะธั ัะฐะทะดะตะปัะตัั, ะธ ะผั ะปะตะณะบะพ ะฝะฐะนะดะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ัะทัะบ. ะั ะฐ ะตัะปะธ ััะพ-ัะพ ะฟะพะนะดะตั ะฝะต ัะฐะบ, ะฝะต ััะฑะธ ั ะฟะปะตัะฐ, ะพะฑัััะฝะธ, ะณะดะต ะผั ะพัะธะฑะปะธัั ะธ ะฟะพะฒะตัั, ะผั ัะฐะทะฑะตัะตะผัั ะธ ะธัะฟัะฐะฒะธะผ. ะะฐั ะดะตะฒะธะท “In hostem omnia licita” – ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะพัะตะฝะธั ะบ ะฒัะฐะณั ะดะพะทะฒะพะปะตะฝะพ ะฒัะต. ะะพะทัะผะธ ััะพั ะดะตะฒะธะท, ะพะฝ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตั ัะตะฑะต ะฟัะธะฝััั ะฟัะฐะฒะธะปัะฝะพะต ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะฒ ัััะดะฝะพะน ัะธััะฐัะธะธ, ั ัะตัััั ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะธัั ะฑะพะตะฒัั ะทะฐะดะฐัั ะธ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะดะพะผะพะน ะถะธะฒัะผ ะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัะผ!
ะกะพะฑััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะต ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒะพ ะผะตัะฐะปะปะพะบะพะฝััััะบัะธะน. ะัะปะธ ะฒะฐั ะธะฝัะตัะตััะตั ะะฐะฒะตัั ะฒ ะะพะทะฝะตัะตะฝัะต ะผั ะฟัะตะดะปะพะณะฐะตะผ ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะฟะพะด ะบะปัั ะฝะฐะฒะตัั ะดะปั ะดะฐัะธ ะธะท ะฟะพะปะธะบะฐัะฑะพะฝะฐัะฐ ัะตะฝะฐ
ะทะฐะบะฐัะฐัั ะฟัะธะปะพะถะตะฝะธั ะพะฝะปะฐะนะฝ ะบะฐะทะธะฝะพ https://www.oceanextreme.com/bez-rubriki/servis-sborki-i-publikacii-mobilnyh-prilozhenij-2
ะัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตัะฒะธัะฝัะน ัะตะฝัั ะฟะพ ัะตะผะพะฝัั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ.
ะั ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ: ัะตะผะพะฝั ะฑััะพะฒะพะน ัะตั ะฝะธะบะธ ะฒ ะผัะบ
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะขัั ะผะพะถะฝะพ ะฟัะตะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะต ัะตะนัั ะบัะฟะธัั ัะตะนั ะผะตัะฐะปะปะธัะตัะบะธะน ะฒะทะปะพะผะพััะพะนะบะธะน
Investing in Ethena: A New Era in Decentralized Finance
As decentralized finance (DeFi) continues to reshape the global financial landscape, Ethena has emerged as a leading player. Offering innovative solutions for digital asset management, Ethena is set to become a cornerstone of the next generation of decentralized financial platforms.
ethena
What Makes Ethena Different?
Unlike centralized finance, where traditional banks and institutions control the flow of money, Ethena offers a decentralized ecosystem where users retain full control over their funds. Powered by blockchain technology, Ethena eliminates intermediaries, reducing costs and making financial services more accessible.
The Role of Ethena Fi
The Ethena Fi token is integral to the platform. It facilitates governance, staking, and rewards within the Ethena ecosystem. By holding Ethena Fi, users can participate in decision-making processes and earn rewards, making it a valuable asset for those looking to engage with the platform more deeply.
Why Invest in Ethena?
Transparency: All transactions on Ethena are recorded on the blockchain, ensuring full transparency.
Security: The platform uses advanced blockchain security measures to protect usersโ assets.
Community-Driven Governance: Through Ethena Fi, users have a say in the future direction of the platform, making Ethena a truly decentralized project.
As the world of finance continues to move toward decentralization, Ethena is positioning itself as a leader in the DeFi space. For investors seeking exposure to the future of finance, Ethena provides a secure, innovative, and community-focused platform.
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ะะฐะฝะบัะพัััะฒะพ ัะธะทะธัะตัะบะธั ะปะธั ะฒ ะะฐะปะธะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดะต ะธ ะะฐะปะธะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ.
ะัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณ: ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธัะฐะปะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ั ะฃะะ ะฒะพะปัะฝัะผ
20 ััั. ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ
12-18 ะพะบััะฑัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะดะตะฒััั ััะดะพะฒ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฟะพ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะต ััะธ ะผะตัััะฐ โ ะดะพ 19 ัะฝะฒะฐัั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะฑัะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะงะตัััะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะพะผ ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต โ ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ั ะบะพัะพััั ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะต ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ ะฟัะตะฒััะตะฝ ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน โ ะฟะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ: ะะฝะฝะต ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะต ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะะปะตะฝะต ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะธั ะฐะธะปั ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒั. ะััั ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะะปัะผะธัะต ะะธะปัะฑะตัั, ะะผะธััะธั ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒั, ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธั ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝั ะธ ะะตะฝะธัั ะจะธัะบะพ; ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะััะตัะปะฐะฒั ะัะดัะธะฝั. ะะตัะฐ ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฒะธะดะต ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผะพะผั โ ะะธะบัะพัั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฑัะปะฐ ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝะฐ 23 ะผะฐััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะตัั ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะต ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ััะดััะผะธ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะณะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะธ ะบัะธัะธะบะต. ะ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ (ะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตะฒััะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝั ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะธ) ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟัะพััะพะน ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะพ?
ะคะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒััะปะพ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะธัะฝะต, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะฐะฒะณัััะต ะธััะตะบะฐะป ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒะฐ. ะกัะพะบ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฑัะป ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะผะตััะธัะตะปั ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป-ะผะฐะนะพัะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝะฐ ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝ ะธัะปะตะผ, ะฐ ะพะฑัะธะน ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฒะบะปััะฐััะธะน ะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั , โ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะพะน ะพะบััะฑัั. ะะพ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝ ะธะทะดะฐะป ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ัะตะผ, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั โ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธ ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะด ะดะปั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั.
ะัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะพัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ 210 ัะพะผะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะตัะต ะฟะตัะตะด ะฟะตัะฒัะผ ะธัะปััะบะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะปะธ ะดะฒะต ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะต ะธััะตะทะปะธ ะธ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต.
ะะตัะฒะฐั โ ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ะฟัะพะฟััะตะฝ ััะฐะฟ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะตััั ัะฐะผ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะด ะบ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฑัะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะตะฝ. ะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะน ััะฐะฟ, ะพัะฟัััะธะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธะท-ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะธ, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝั.
ะัะพัะฐั โ ะฒัะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะดะพ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะณััะฑัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะน, ะดะพะฟััะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะธ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะธัะฝะต. ะะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะพัั, ะบะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒ ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ั ะณััะฑัะผะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ. ะะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ, ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะดะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะตะดะฝะตะผ ะฟะพะปัะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ 70-ัััะฐะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั โ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ััะฟะตะปะพ ะฟัะพัะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 20 ัััะฐะฝะธั; ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะดะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะฐััะฐะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะธ ั. ะด. ะ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ััะธะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฒ ะฃะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะธัะตัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััะฝัั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพััะฝััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ััะธั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั, ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะฒะตัะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ะปะตัะฐ ัะตะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะฒ ัะตะนัะฝะพัะต. ะะฝะพ, ะฟะพ ัะฑะตะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฒัะตะผะธ ัะธะปะฐะผะธ ัััะตะผะธะปะพัั ะฝะต ะฒัะฟัััะธัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ััะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝ ะฐะปะณะพัะธัะผ, ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะน ะฃะะ ะดะปั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะผะพะณะปะพ ะฑััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะธ ะฟะพัะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพ ะพัะตะฝะบะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณะพะผ: ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตะปะพ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะพะบะพะฝัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะพ, ััะพ ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะต ะธะทััะฒะธะป ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั?
ะะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต, ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฝะต ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผ ะธะทะฒะตััะตะฝ ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฒะฐะปัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, โ ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะธะปะธั ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั .
ะงัะพ ะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒััะฐะถะฐะป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ. ะัะธัะตะผ ััะพั ััะฐััั ะฑัะป ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝ ะตะผั ัะฐะผะพะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน: ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะฐะป ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฐะถ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะธั ะธัะบะพะฒัะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะตะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะฐัะตััั ััะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะน ััะตั ะผะตัััะฝัะน ััะพะบ ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะธะฝะตัะตะฝั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพั ะดะฒัั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฒะทััะบะฐะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ะพะฑัะตะผะต ะฟะพ ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะท ะทะฐัะฒะธัะตะปะตะน. ะัะธัะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ, ะธะผะตััะธะนัั ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ะฝะฐ ััะธั ะดะฒะพะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะผะตะฝะตะต ะผะธะปะปะธะพะฝะฐ.
ะะพ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ะพะฑะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฐะดัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝั “ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัะผ ะปะธัะฐะผ”, ะฐ ะฝะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ััะธั ะปะธั โ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั, ะฟะพ ะฒะตััะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะธะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน “ะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝั”, ะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะบะพะฑั ะฑัะป ั ััะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผ ััะพะน ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ะฝะต ะธะผะตััะตะน ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพ-ะฒัะพััั , ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะพะฑัะธะผะธ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผะธ ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัั ัััะฐะดะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัั ัะดัะตะฝะธะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั, ะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝั, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธั ััะตัะฑะฐ ะปะธัะฝัะผ ะฝะตะธะผััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐะผ.
ะขัะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธั ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฟัะธะทะฒะฐะฝั ะดะฐัั ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบัั-ัะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะพัะฝะพะฒั ะดะปั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพะฑ ะฐัะตััะต ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟัะธัะพะผ ััะพ ะพะฑัะธะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัั ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , โ 232 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะะะ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะฐ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะ. ะ. ะจะบะพะปัะฝะธะบ
ะะฐะบ ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ะผะธะฝะธัััะฐ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฟะพะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ.
ะจะธัะพะบะพ ัะฐะทัะตะบะปะฐะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะะะ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฟะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ยซะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดัยป, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒััะปะพ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟััะผัั โ ะดะตะปะพ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฒะตะปะพ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพะด ะบััะฐัะพัััะฒะพะผ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะะะ, ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฝะพ ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะดะปั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั โ ะพะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะฝะตััั 27 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั.
ะกะพ ะฒัะตะผะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพะผ ะฟััะธ, ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะฐะฑะตัะตััั ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะดะฒัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะะะ ัะผะพะณะปะธ ะฒัะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะบัะพะผะฝัั ััะผะผั 280 ะผะปะฝ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะธ 221 ะปะธัะต, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ั ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั ััะปะพะฒะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตะผัะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ, ะฐ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั, โ ะพะบะพะปะพ ะดะฒัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะปัััะตะต ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ััะธัะฐะตั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะะะ ะฝะฐัััะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพะฝะธ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพะดะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ั ะฝะธั ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะต ะณะพะฒะพัั ัะถะต ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒ ะธ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฝะพะน ะฟะปะฐัั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟััะตะผ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะฒั: ะพะฝะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟััะฐะปะพัั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ 8 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน โ ัะตะฟะตัั ัััะฐัะตัั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะฝัะปะฐ ะฟัะพะบััะพััะบะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะะปัั ะบ ััะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะฝะฐ 8 ะผะปัะด ะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั .
ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะดะฐัั ััะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฒ ััะบะธ ะณััะฟะฟั ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะพะฒ, ะพะฑััะฒะธะฒัะธั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ, ััะดั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ัะณะพะฒะพัะต ั ะฝะธะผะธ, ะพ ัะตะผ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒััั, ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพััะธ, ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะด ะบะพะฟะธัะบั, ั ะพะดะธะฝะฐะบะพะฒัะผะธ ะพััะพะณัะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะพัะธะฑะบะฐะผะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพั ััะธั ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ 1 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะบะฐะถะดะพะต.
ะ ะฟะตัะฒะพะผ, ยซะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผยป ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ, ะฟัะตะดัะตััะฒัััะตะผ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐะฝะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปั ะธะท ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะพะฑ ััะธั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธัั ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะพ ัะผะตั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะต: ะฟะพ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะต ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฝะฐ ััะผะผั ัะฒััะต 100 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพััะตััั ััะดะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะปััะฐัั . ะะพ ััะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะธััะพะถะฝัะต, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะปััััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ.
ะัะปัะฝะธัะตััะฒะพ ั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะผะธ
ะะพัะพะบ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฝะต ะพััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะปัั ะดะพ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะดะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝั ะฟัะธ ะฟะพัะฒะพัััะฒะต ะปัะดะตะน ะธะท ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ, ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฒัะธั ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐ ะปัะฑะพะน ัะตะฝะพะน.
1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝ ะฑัะป ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะพ ะฃะะ, ะฝะต ะพะฑััะฒะธะฒ ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะขะตะผ ัะฐะผัะผ ะพะฝะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฒัะตั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ, ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะณะพะด ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะฐะฝััะต, ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั (ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒ ะฑัะป ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ยซะบัััะธยป, ยซัะฐัะฐะฝะฐยป, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟะปะพั ะพ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฒ ััะดะฐั ).
ะะฐะปะพะฑะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะธัะปะต, ะผะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะท ะตะต ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะพัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะธ ัะพััะพัะปะพัั ะฒ ะดะตะบะฐะฑัะต. ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะัะตัะตะดะฝะฐั ะณััะฑะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ, ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฝะฐั, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะธ ะฟะฐัะฐะดะพะบัะฐะปัะฝะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
ะัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณ: ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธัะฐะปะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ั ะฃะะ ะฒะพะปัะฝัะผ
ะะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะะธะบัะพัะธะธ ะะฐะฑะพะนัะตะฝะบะพ
12-18 ะพะบััะฑัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะดะตะฒััั ััะดะพะฒ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฟะพ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะต ััะธ ะผะตัััะฐ โ ะดะพ 19 ัะฝะฒะฐัั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะฑัะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะงะตัััะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะพะผ ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต โ ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ั ะบะพัะพััั ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะต ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ ะฟัะตะฒััะตะฝ ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน โ ะฟะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ: ะะฝะฝะต ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะต ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะะปะตะฝะต ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะธั ะฐะธะปั ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒั. ะััั ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะะปัะผะธัะต ะะธะปัะฑะตัั, ะะผะธััะธั ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒั, ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธั ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝั ะธ ะะตะฝะธัั ะจะธัะบะพ; ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะััะตัะปะฐะฒั ะัะดัะธะฝั. ะะตัะฐ ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฒะธะดะต ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผะพะผั โ ะะธะบัะพัั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฑัะปะฐ ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝะฐ 23 ะผะฐััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะตัั ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะต ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ััะดััะผะธ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะณะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะธ ะบัะธัะธะบะต. ะ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ (ะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตะฒััะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝั ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะธ) ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟัะพััะพะน ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะพ?
ะคะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒััะปะพ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะธัะฝะต, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะฐะฒะณัััะต ะธััะตะบะฐะป ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒะฐ. ะกัะพะบ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฑัะป ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะผะตััะธัะตะปั ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป-ะผะฐะนะพัะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝะฐ ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝ ะธัะปะตะผ, ะฐ ะพะฑัะธะน ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฒะบะปััะฐััะธะน ะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั , โ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะพะน ะพะบััะฑัั. ะะพ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝ ะธะทะดะฐะป ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ัะตะผ, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั โ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธ ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะด ะดะปั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั.
ะัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะพัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ 210 ัะพะผะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะตัะต ะฟะตัะตะด ะฟะตัะฒัะผ ะธัะปััะบะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะปะธ ะดะฒะต ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะต ะธััะตะทะปะธ ะธ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต.
ะะตัะฒะฐั โ ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ะฟัะพะฟััะตะฝ ััะฐะฟ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะตััั ัะฐะผ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะด ะบ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฑัะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะตะฝ. ะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะน ััะฐะฟ, ะพัะฟัััะธะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธะท-ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะธ, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝั.
ะัะพัะฐั โ ะฒัะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะดะพ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะณััะฑัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะน, ะดะพะฟััะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะธ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะธัะฝะต. ะะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะพัั, ะบะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒ ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ั ะณััะฑัะผะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ. ะะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ, ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะดะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะตะดะฝะตะผ ะฟะพะปัะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ 70-ัััะฐะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั โ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ััะฟะตะปะพ ะฟัะพัะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 20 ัััะฐะฝะธั; ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะดะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะฐััะฐะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะธ ั. ะด. ะ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ััะธะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฒ ะฃะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะธัะตัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััะฝัั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพััะฝััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ััะธั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั, ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะฒะตัะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ะปะตัะฐ ัะตะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะฒ ัะตะนัะฝะพัะต. ะะฝะพ, ะฟะพ ัะฑะตะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฒัะตะผะธ ัะธะปะฐะผะธ ัััะตะผะธะปะพัั ะฝะต ะฒัะฟัััะธัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ััะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝ ะฐะปะณะพัะธัะผ, ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะน ะฃะะ ะดะปั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะผะพะณะปะพ ะฑััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะธ ะฟะพัะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพ ะพัะตะฝะบะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณะพะผ: ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตะปะพ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะพะบะพะฝัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะพ, ััะพ ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะต ะธะทััะฒะธะป ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั?
ะะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต, ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฝะต ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผ ะธะทะฒะตััะตะฝ ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฒะฐะปัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, โ ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะธะปะธั ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั .
ะงัะพ ะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒััะฐะถะฐะป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ. ะัะธัะตะผ ััะพั ััะฐััั ะฑัะป ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝ ะตะผั ัะฐะผะพะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน: ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะฐะป ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฐะถ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะธั ะธัะบะพะฒัะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะตะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะฐัะตััั ััะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะน ััะตั ะผะตัััะฝัะน ััะพะบ ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะธะฝะตัะตะฝั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพั ะดะฒัั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฒะทััะบะฐะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ะพะฑัะตะผะต ะฟะพ ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะท ะทะฐัะฒะธัะตะปะตะน. ะัะธัะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ, ะธะผะตััะธะนัั ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ะฝะฐ ััะธั ะดะฒะพะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะผะตะฝะตะต ะผะธะปะปะธะพะฝะฐ.
ะะพ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ะพะฑะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฐะดัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝั “ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัะผ ะปะธัะฐะผ”, ะฐ ะฝะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ััะธั ะปะธั โ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั, ะฟะพ ะฒะตััะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะธะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน “ะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝั”, ะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะบะพะฑั ะฑัะป ั ััะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผ ััะพะน ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ะฝะต ะธะผะตััะตะน ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพ-ะฒัะพััั , ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะพะฑัะธะผะธ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผะธ ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัั ัััะฐะดะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัั ัะดัะตะฝะธะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั, ะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝั, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธั ััะตัะฑะฐ ะปะธัะฝัะผ ะฝะตะธะผััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐะผ.
ะขัะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธั ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฟัะธะทะฒะฐะฝั ะดะฐัั ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบัั-ัะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะพัะฝะพะฒั ะดะปั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพะฑ ะฐัะตััะต ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟัะธัะพะผ ััะพ ะพะฑัะธะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัั ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , โ 232 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะะะ ะะปะฐะดะธะผะธัะฐ ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ
ะผะธะฝะธััั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒ
ะะฐะบ ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดะฐ ะผะธะฝะธัััะฐ ะฒะฝัััะตะฝะฝะธั ะดะตะป ะฟะพะดััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะัะตะทะธะดะตะฝัะฐ.
ะจะธัะพะบะพ ัะฐะทัะตะบะปะฐะผะธัะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะต ะะะ ัะฐะทะฑะธัะฐัะตะปัััะฒะพ ะฟะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดั ยซะบััะฟะฝะตะนัะตะน ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะธัะฐะผะธะดัยป, ัะฒัะทัะฒะฐะตะผะพะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ั ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธัะผะธ ยซะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะดยป, ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะพะผ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฒััะปะพ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟััะผัั โ ะดะตะปะพ, ะบะพัะพัะพะต ะฒะตะปะพ ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพะด ะบััะฐัะพัััะฒะพะผ ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะะะ, ะฟะตัะตะดะฐะฝะพ ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ะฒ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ, ะฐ ะฟะพัะพะผ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะดะปั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั โ ะพะฝะพ ะฝะฐัะฝะตััั 27 ัะตะฒัะฐะปั.
ะกะพ ะฒัะตะผะธ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพะผ ะฟััะธ, ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะฐะฑะตัะตััั ะฝะต ะผะตะฝะตะต ะดะฒัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ, ัะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปะธ ะะะ ัะผะพะณะปะธ ะฒัะนัะธ ะฝะฐ ัะบัะพะผะฝัั ััะผะผั 280 ะผะปะฝ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟัะธ 221 ะปะธัะต, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ั ยซะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝัยป ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะผะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ะบะปะธะตะฝัะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะต ะดะพะฒะพะปัะฝั ััะปะพะฒะธัะผะธ ะธ ะฟะพะปััะฐะตะผัะผ ะดะพั ะพะดะพะผ, ะฐ ั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป, ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฟะพ ะดะตะปั, โ ะพะบะพะปะพ ะดะฒัั ะดะตัััะบะพะฒ ััััั ะฟะฐะนัะธะบะพะฒ, ะฟะพะดะฐะฒะปัััะตะต ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ััะธัะฐะตั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะะะ ะฝะฐัััะธัะตะปะตะผ ัะฒะพะธั ะฟัะฐะฒ, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพะฝะธ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฟัะธะพะฑัะตััะธ ะฟะพะดะพะฑัะฐะฝะฝัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััั ะธ ะปะธัะตะฝั ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพััะธ ะฒะตัะฝััั ะฒะปะพะถะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะทะฐะฑะปะพะบะธัะพะฒะฐะปะพ ััะตัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะธ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ั ะฝะธั ะดะฐะถะต ะฝะฐ ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัั ัะตัะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะต ะณะพะฒะพัั ัะถะต ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพ ะพะฝะพ ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐะตั ะฒัะฟะปะฐัั ะฝะฐะปะพะณะพะฒ ะธ ะทะฐัะฐะฑะพัะฝะพะน ะฟะปะฐัั ัะพัััะดะฝะธะบะฐะผ ะฐะฟะฟะฐัะฐัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟััะตะผ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะฟััะฐะตััั ะทะฐั ะฒะฐัะธัั ะผะฝะพะณะพะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดะฝัะต ะฐะบัะธะฒั: ะพะฝะพ ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะพะบะพะปะพ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟััะฐะปะพัั ะฒะพัััะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะฐัะตัั ะฝะตะดะฒะธะถะธะผะพััะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ 8 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน โ ัะตะฟะตัั ัััะฐัะตัั ั ะฝะตะณะพ ะฟัะธะฝัะปะฐ ะฟัะพะบััะพััะบะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะธะท ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะธ ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ. ะะปัั ะบ ััะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฐัะตััะพะฒะฐะปะพ ะฝะฐ 8 ะผะปัะด ะปะธัะฝะพะณะพ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั .
ะคะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั ะพ ัะพะผ, ััะพะฑั ะพัะดะฐัั ััะธ ััะตะดััะฒะฐ ะฒ ััะบะธ ะณััะฟะฟั ะผะพัะตะฝะฝะธะบะพะฒ, ะพะฑััะฒะธะฒัะธั ัะตะฑั ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ, ััะดั ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผั, ะฝะฐั ะพะดะธััั ะฒ ัะณะพะฒะพัะต ั ะฝะธะผะธ, ะพ ัะตะผ ัะฒะธะดะตัะตะปัััะฒััั, ะฒ ัะฐััะฝะพััะธ, ะฝะฐะฟะธัะฐะฝะฝัะต ะบะฐะบ ะฟะพะด ะบะพะฟะธัะบั, ั ะพะดะธะฝะฐะบะพะฒัะผะธ ะพััะพะณัะฐัะธัะตัะบะธะผะธ ะพัะธะฑะบะฐะผะธ ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพั ััะธั ยซะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธั ยป ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฟะพ 1 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะบะฐะถะดะพะต.
ะ ะฟะตัะฒะพะผ, ยซะพัะณะฐะฝะธะทะฐัะธะพะฝะฝะพะผยป ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะธ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ, ะฟัะตะดัะตััะฒัััะตะผ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั, ัะฟะพะผะธะฝะฐะฝะธะต ะณะพััะดะฐัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปั ะธะท ะฟัะพะบััะฐัััั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ ะพะฑ ััะธั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธัั ะฒัะทะฒะฐะปะพ ัะผะตั ะฒ ะทะฐะปะต: ะฟะพ ััะดะตะฑะฝะพะน ะฟัะฐะบัะธะบะต ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ ะฝะฐ ััะผะผั ัะฒััะต 100 ััั. ััะฑะปะตะน ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพััะตััั ััะดะฐะผะธ ะฒ ะธัะบะปััะธัะตะปัะฝัั ัะปััะฐัั . ะะพ ััะธ ััะธะดะธัะตัะบะธ ะฝะธััะพะถะฝัะต, ะฟะพ ัััะธ, ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑััะฒะปััััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะธะผััะตััะฒะฐ.
ะัะปัะฝะธัะตััะฒะพ ั ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะผะธ
ะะพัะพะบ ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ะธ ะฟัะฐะฒะพะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฝะต ะพััะฐะฝะฐะฒะปะธะฒะฐะปัั ะดะพ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะณะพ ะดะฝั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั. ะะฝะธ ะฑัะปะธ ัะพะฒะตััะตะฝั ะฟัะธ ะฟะพัะฒะพัััะฒะต ะปัะดะตะน ะธะท ะบะพะผะฐะฝะดั ะะพะปะพะบะพะปััะตะฒะฐ, ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฒัะธั ัะตะทัะปััะฐัะฐ ะปัะฑะพะน ัะตะฝะพะน.
1 ะดะตะบะฐะฑัั ะัะธะผะพััะบะธะน ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝัะน ััะด ะฒัะฝัะถะดะตะฝ ะฑัะป ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐัั ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะฝัะผ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธะน ะพัะบะฐะท ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั ยซะะตัั ะะตะนยป ะฒ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะธ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฐ ัะฐะบะถะต ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะป, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะณััะฑะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะพ ะฃะะ, ะฝะต ะพะฑััะฒะธะฒ ะฒ ัััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต ะพ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน. ะขะตะผ ัะฐะผัะผ ะพะฝะพ ะฝะฐัััะธะปะพ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐ ะฒัะตั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะฐ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะธ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะธ ะถะฐะปะพะฑั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะฒัััะฝะธะปะพัั, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะะกะฃ, ะฟะพัะปะตะดะฝะธะน ะณะพะด ัะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธะผะฐั ะทะฐะผะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะะกะฃ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒัะผ, ะฐ ัะฐะบัะธัะตัะบะธ, ะบะฐะบ ะธ ัะฐะฝััะต, ะฟะพะดะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะพะผ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ.ะ. ะกะฐะฟะตัะพะฒะพะน, ะฟะพะดะดะตะปะฐะปะฐ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัั (ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒ ะฑัะป ะฝะฐะทะฝะฐัะตะฝ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ยซะบัััะธยป, ยซัะฐัะฐะฝะฐยป, ะฟะพัะบะพะปัะบั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฒ ะฟะตัะฒัะน ะฟะตัะธะพะด ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพัะตะฝั ะฟะปะพั ะพ ะฟัะพั ะพะดะธะปะธ ะฒ ััะดะฐั ).
ะะฐะปะพะฑะฐ ะฑัะปะฐ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝะฐ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะผ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะธัะปะต, ะผะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐะท ะตะต ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธะต ะพัะบะปะฐะดัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะธ ัะพััะพัะปะพัั ะฒ ะดะตะบะฐะฑัะต. ะฃะปะธัะตะฝะฝะฐั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฒ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะธ ะฃะะ, ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ัะพััะฐะฒะธะปะฐ ะฟะธััะผะพ ะพะฑ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝะธะธ ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะทะฐะดะฝะธะผ ัะธัะปะพะผ ะธ ะฟะพะฟััะฐะปะฐัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะดะตะปะพ ัะฐะบ, ััะพ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะฝะต ะฟะพะปััะธะป ะฟะธััะผะพ ะฟะพ ัะฒะพะตะน ะฒะธะฝะต. ะัะตัะตะดะฝะฐั ะณััะฑะฐั ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ, ะฒััะฒะปะตะฝะฝะฐั, ะบะฐะบ ะฝะธ ะฟะฐัะฐะดะพะบัะฐะปัะฝะพ, ะฒ ัะพะผ ัะธัะปะต ะธ ั ะฟะพะผะพััั ัะธััะตะผั ัะปะตะบััะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะพะพะฑะพัะพัะฐ ัะฐะผะพะณะพ ะฟะธัะตััะบะพะณะพ ะณะปะฐะฒะบะฐ ะะะ.
ะัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะน ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณ: ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟะพััะตะฑะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฟะพััะธัะฐะปะธ ะพะฑัะฐัะตะฝะธะต ั ะฃะะ ะฒะพะปัะฝัะผ
ะคะตะดะตัะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะพะฝะด ะฟะพ ะทะฐัะธัะต ะฟัะฐะฒ ะฒะบะปะฐะดัะธะบะพะฒ ะธ ะฐะบัะธะพะฝะตัะพะฒ
12-18 ะพะบััะฑัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะต ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะดะตะฒััั ััะดะพะฒ ะฟะตัะฒะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ ะฟะพ ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะะกะฃ ะะฃ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะธ ะะตะฝะธะฝะณัะฐะดัะบะพะน ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพะปะบะพะฒะฝะธะบะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะต ััะธ ะผะตัััะฐ โ ะดะพ 19 ัะฝะฒะฐัั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ โ ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะฑัะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ.
ะงะตัััะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธั ัะพััะพัะปะธัั ะฒ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณัะบะพะผ ะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะผ ััะดะต โ ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะฐัะตััะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝะฐะผ, ั ะบะพัะพััั ะตัะต ะฒ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะต ะฐะฒะณัััะฐ ะฟัะตะฒััะตะฝ ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน โ ะฟะพะปัะพัะฐ ะณะพะดะฐ: ะะฝะฝะต ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะะปะตะบัะฐะฝะดัะต ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะะปะตะฝะต ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะธั ะฐะธะปั ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒั. ะััั ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะน ะฟัะพัะปะพ ะฒ ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะผ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะผ ััะดะต ะณะพัะพะดะฐ ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณะฐ: ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะะปัะผะธัะต ะะธะปัะฑะตัั, ะะผะธััะธั ะะฐะทะฐะฝะพะฒั, ะะฝะฐัะพะปะธั ะะฐะปะธะฒะฐะฝั ะธ ะะตะฝะธัั ะจะธัะบะพ; ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธั ะดะพะผะฐัะฝะตะณะพ ะฐัะตััะฐ ะััะตัะปะฐะฒั ะัะดัะธะฝั. ะะตัะฐ ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฒ ะฒะธะดะต ะทะฐะฟัะตัะฐ ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะตัะต ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผะพะผั โ ะะธะบัะพัั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัั ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะพััั ะพัะฝะพะฒะฐัะตะปั “ะะฐะนั-ะธะท-ะัะด” ะธ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” ะ ะพะผะฐะฝะฐ ะะฐัะธะปะตะฝะบะพ, ะฑัะปะฐ ะธะทะฑัะฐะฝะฐ 23 ะผะฐััะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฒะตัั ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะต ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ะฑัะปะธ ััะดััะผะธ ัะดะพะฒะปะตัะฒะพัะตะฝั, ะฟัะธ ััะพะผ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะฒะพ ะผะฝะพะณะธั ัะปััะฐัั ะฟะพะดะฒะตัะณะฐะปะธัั ะธะผะธ ะบัะธัะธะบะต. ะ ะฒะพ ะฒัะพัะพะน ะธะฝััะฐะฝัะธะธ (ะฐ ะฟะพ ะฒัะตะผ ะดะตะฒััะธ ััะดะตะฑะฝัะผ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัะผ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผะธ ะฟะพะดะฐะฝั ะฐะฟะตะปะปััะธะธ) ัะพั ัะฐะฝะตะฝะธะต ะผะตั ะฟัะตัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฝะต ะฑัะดะตั ะดะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะฟัะพััะพะน ะทะฐะดะฐัะตะน.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะพ?
ะคะพัะผะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะต ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธะต ะฒััะปะพ ะฝะฐ ัะธะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟััะผัั ะฒ ะธัะฝะต, ัะฐะบ ะบะฐะบ ะฒ ะฐะฒะณัััะต ะธััะตะบะฐะป ะฟัะตะดะตะปัะฝัะน ััะพะบ ัะพะดะตัะถะฐะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ัะตัะฒะตััั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั : ะััะพัะบะพะน, ะัะธะณะพััะตะฒะพะน, ะกะพะปะพะฒัะตะฒะพะน ะธ ะะทะผะฐะนะปะพะฒะฐ. ะกัะพะบ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฑัะป ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะทะฐะผะตััะธัะตะปั ะฝะฐัะฐะปัะฝะธะบะฐ ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะฟะฐััะฐะผะตะฝัะฐ ะะะ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป-ะผะฐะนะพัะฐ ัััะธัะธะธ ะ. ะ. ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝะฐ ะพะณัะฐะฝะธัะตะฝ ะธัะปะตะผ, ะฐ ะพะฑัะธะน ััะพะบ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั, ะฒะบะปััะฐััะธะน ะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฟะพัะปะต ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั , โ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝะพะน ะพะบััะฑัั. ะะพ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต ะณะตะฝะตัะฐะป ะะพั ะผัะฝะธะฝ ะธะทะดะฐะป ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะตะณะพ ััะพะบะฐ ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะดะพ ัะตัะตะดะธะฝั ัะตะฒัะฐะปั 2024 ะณะพะดะฐ, ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ัะตะผ, ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะฐั ะณััะฟะฟะฐ ะฝะต ัะผะพะณะปะฐ ะทะฐะฒะตััะธัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั โ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธ ัะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะบะปััะตะฝะธั ะดะปั ะฟะตัะตะดะฐัะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒ ััะด ะดะปั ัะฐััะผะพััะตะฝะธั ะฟะพ ัััะตััะฒั.
ะัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑัััะฝัะปะพัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะฒ ะบะพัะพัะพะผ 210 ัะพะผะพะฒ. ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะตัะต ะฟะตัะตะด ะฟะตัะฒัะผ ะธัะปััะบะธะผ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝะธะตะผ “ัััะฐะถะธ” ะฒ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะณะพ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒะพะทะฝะธะบะปะธ ะดะฒะต ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะต ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั, ะบะพัะพััะต ะฝะต ะธััะตะทะปะธ ะธ ะฒ ะพะบััะฑัะต.
ะะตัะฒะฐั โ ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ะฟัะพะฟััะตะฝ ััะฐะฟ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะตััั ัะฐะผ ะฟะตัะตั ะพะด ะบ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะฑัะป ะฝะตะทะฐะบะพะฝะตะฝ. ะกะปะตะดะพะฒะฐัะตะปัะฝะพ, ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฒะตัะฝััััั ะฝะฐ ะฟัะตะดัะดััะธะน ััะฐะฟ, ะพัะฟัััะธะฒ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ะธะท-ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะธ, ัะตะผ ะฑะพะปะตะต ััะพ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝั.
ะัะพัะฐั โ ะฒัะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะดะพ ะพะดะฝะพะณะพ ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะธะท-ะทะฐ ะณััะฑัั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธะน, ะดะพะฟััะตะฝะฝัั ะฟัะธ ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฒ ะธัะฝะต. ะะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธะต ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ะฟัะพะฒะพะดะธะปะพัั, ะบะฐะบ ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒ ะฟะพะถะฐัะฝะพะผ ะฟะพััะดะบะต, ั ะณััะฑัะผะธ ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ. ะะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะผ, ะฟะพ ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะดะฐะปะธ ะฒ ััะตะดะฝะตะผ ะฟะพะปัะฐัะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฟัะพััะตะฝะธะต ะฑะพะปะตะต ัะตะผ 70-ัััะฐะฝะธัะฝัั ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะน ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั โ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะพ ััะฟะตะปะพ ะฟัะพัะธัะฐัั ะฝะต ะฑะพะปะตะต 20 ัััะฐะฝะธั; ะพัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะฟัะพะฒะตััะธ ะดะพะฟัะพัั ะฟะพัะปะต ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน, ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะพััั ะฝะฐััะฐะธะฒะฐะปะธ ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัะต ะธ ั. ะด. ะ ัะฒัะทะธ ั ััะธะผะธ ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะพะฑัะฐัะฐะปะธัั ะฒ ะฃะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะกะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะบะพะผะธัะตัะฐ ะ ะพััะธะธ ะฟะพ ะณะพัะพะดั ะกะฐะฝะบั-ะะตัะตัะฑััะณั ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะบะฐะผ ะดะพะปะถะฝะพััะฝัั ะฟัะตัััะฟะปะตะฝะธะน ัะพ ััะพัะพะฝั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั.
ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพััะฝััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั ะฟัะธัะธะฝั ััะธั ะดะตะนััะฒะธะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั, ะฒ ะบะพะฝัะต ะฒะตัะฝั โ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะต ะปะตัะฐ ัะตะณะพ ะณะพะดะฐ ะพะบะฐะทะฐะปะพัั ะฒ ัะตะนัะฝะพัะต. ะะฝะพ, ะฟะพ ัะฑะตะถะดะตะฝะธั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฒัะตะผะธ ัะธะปะฐะผะธ ัััะตะผะธะปะพัั ะฝะต ะฒัะฟัััะธัั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , ััะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐะฝะพ ะฑัะปะพ ะฑั ัะดะตะปะฐัั, ะตัะปะธ ะฑั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ะดะตะนััะฒะธั ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะพะดะปะตะฝั ะธะปะธ ัะพัะฝะพ ะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝ ะฐะปะณะพัะธัะผ, ะพะฟัะตะดะตะปะตะฝะฝัะน ะฃะะ ะดะปั ะทะฐะฒะตััะตะฝะธั ะฟัะตะดะฒะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ัะฐััะปะตะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะัะฝะพะฒะฐะฝะธะตะผ ะดะปั ะพััะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะฟะพะด ัััะฐะถะตะน ะผะพะณะปะพ ะฑััั ัะพะปัะบะพ ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะปะตะฝะธั ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, ะธ ะฟะพัะพะผั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต, ะฟะพ ะพัะตะฝะบะต ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัะพะฒ, ะฝะฐัะฐะปะพ ะทะฐะฝะธะผะฐัััั ะฟัะพัะตัััะฐะปัะฝัะผ ั ะฐะบะธะฝะณะพะผ: ัะฝะฐัะฐะปะฐ ั ะฝะฐัััะตะฝะธัะผะธ ะฟัะพะฒะตะปะพ ะฟัะตะดััะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝะตะฝะธะน ะฒ ะพะบะพะฝัะฐัะตะปัะฝะพะน ัะตะดะฐะบัะธะธ, ะฐ ะทะฐัะตะผ ะทะฐัะฒะธะปะพ, ััะพ ะฝะธะบัะพ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ ะฝะต ะธะทััะฒะธะป ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ.
ะัะบะฐะทะฐะปะธัั ะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั?
ะะพัะปะตะดะฝะตะต ััะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะธะต, ะณะพะฒะพััั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฝะต ัะพะพัะฒะตัััะฒัะตั ะดะตะนััะฒะธัะตะปัะฝะพััะธ. ะะดะฒะพะบะฐัะฐะผ ะธะทะฒะตััะตะฝ ะบะฐะบ ะผะธะฝะธะผัะผ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะธัััะพะฒ, ะบะพัะพััะน ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฒะฐะปัั ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ, โ ะตะณะพ ัะฐะผะธะปะธั ะฝะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะฐัั ะฒ ััะดะฐั .
ะงัะพ ะถะต ะบะฐัะฐะตััั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ, ัะพ ะดะพะบัะผะตะฝัะฐะปัะฝะพ ะฟะพะดัะฒะตัะถะดะตะฝะพ, ััะพ ะฝะฐะผะตัะตะฝะธะต ะพะทะฝะฐะบะพะผะธัััั ั ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะฐะผะธ ะดะตะปะฐ ะฒััะฐะถะฐะป ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ “ะะตัั ะะตะน” โ ะพะดะธะฝ ะธะท ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธั ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะฒ. ะัะธัะตะผ ััะพั ััะฐััั ะฑัะป ะฟัะธัะฒะพะตะฝ ะตะผั ัะฐะผะพะน ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟะพะน: ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะตะผ ััะบะพะฒะพะดะธัะตะปั ัะปะตะดััะฒะตะฝะฝะพะน ะณััะฟะฟั ะ. ะ. ะะธะฝะพะบััะพะฒะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ััะฐะป ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝัะบะธะผ ะพัะฒะตััะธะบะพะผ ะฐะถ ะฝะฐ 16 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน, ะฟัะธัะตะผ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะพัะบะฐะทัะฒะฐะปะพัั ะฟัะตะดััะฐะฒะธัั ะธัััะพะฒ ะธ ะธั ะธัะบะพะฒัะต ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะะดะฝะฐะบะพ ะฝะฐ ะฝะตะดะฐะฒะฝะตะต ะทะฐัะตะดะฐะฝะธะต ะัะธะผะพััะบะพะณะพ ัะฐะนะพะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะดะฐ ะฟะพ ะฐัะตััั ััะตัะพะฒ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ ะฝะฐ ะฝะพะฒัะน ััะตั ะผะตัััะฝัะน ััะพะบ ะฑัะปะธ ะฟัะธะฝะตัะตะฝั ะทะฐัะฒะปะตะฝะธั ะพั ะดะฒัั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ัะปะตะดััะฒะธะตะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฒะทััะบะฐะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฒ ะพะฑัะตะผะต ะฟะพ ะพะดะฝะพะผั ะผะธะปะปะธะฐัะดั ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ะบะฐะถะดะพะณะพ ะธะท ะทะฐัะฒะธัะตะปะตะน. ะัะธัะตะผ ะพะฑัะธะน ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัะน ััะตัะฑ, ะธะผะตััะธะนัั ะฒ ัะณะพะปะพะฒะฝะพะผ ะดะตะปะต, ะฝะฐ ััะธั ะดะฒะพะธั ะณัะฐะถะดะฐะฝ โ ะผะตะฝะตะต ะผะธะปะปะธะพะฝะฐ.
ะะพ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฒะพ-ะฟะตัะฒัั , ะพะฑะฐ ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะฐะดัะตัะพะฒะฐะฝั “ะฒะธะฝะพะฒะฝัะผ ะปะธัะฐะผ”, ะฐ ะฝะต ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒั. ะกะปะตะดััะฒะธะต ะฟัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตั ัะฐััะผะฐััะธะฒะฐัั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ะบะฐะบ ะพะดะฝะพ ะธะท ััะธั ะปะธั โ ัะตัั ะธะดะตั, ะฟะพ ะฒะตััะธะธ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะธ ะปะธั, ะฟัะธะทะฝะฐะฝะฝัั ะธะผ ะฟะพัะตัะฟะตะฒัะธะผะธ, ะพ ะฝะตะฒัะฟะพะปะฝะตะฝะธะธ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒ ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน “ะะตัะผะตั ะะตะฝะตะดะถะผะตะฝั”, ะฐ ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒ ัะบะพะฑั ะฑัะป ั ััะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะตะน ะฐััะธะปะธัะพะฒะฐะฝ, ะฟะพัะพะผั ะธ ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ะพัะฒะตัะฐัั ะฟะพ ะพะฑัะทะฐัะตะปัััะฒะฐะผ ััะพะน ะธะฝะพัััะฐะฝะฝะพะน ะบะพะผะฟะฐะฝะธะธ, ะฝะต ะธะผะตััะตะน ะฐะบัะธะฒะพะฒ ะฒ ะ ะพััะธะธ. ะะพ-ะฒัะพััั , ะพัะผะตัะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ััะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะพ ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ ะพะฑะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะพะฑัะธะผะธ ัะปะพะฒะฐะผะธ ะพ ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝัั ัััะฐะดะฐะฝะธัั ะธ ัั ัะดัะตะฝะธะธ ะทะดะพัะพะฒัั, ะฐ ะดะพะปะถะฝั, ัะพะณะปะฐัะฝะพ ะทะฐะบะพะฝะพะดะฐัะตะปัััะฒั, ะพัะฝะพะฒัะฒะฐัััั ะฝะฐ ะพะฑััะพััะตะปัััะฒะฐั ะฟัะธัะธะฝะตะฝะธั ััะตัะฑะฐ ะปะธัะฝัะผ ะฝะตะธะผััะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะผ ะฟัะฐะฒะฐะผ.
ะขัะตะฑะพะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฒะพะทะผะตัะตะฝะธั ะผะพัะฐะปัะฝะพะณะพ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะธะฒะฐัั ะฐะดะฒะพะบะฐัั, ะฟัะธะทะฒะฐะฝั ะดะฐัั ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบัั-ัะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะพัะฝะพะฒั ะดะปั ั ะพะดะฐัะฐะนััะฒะฐ ัะปะตะดััะฒะธั ะพะฑ ะฐัะตััะต ะฟะพััะธ 4 ะผะปัะด ััะฑะปะตะน ะฝะฐ ััะตัะฐั ะบะพะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฐ, ะฟัะธัะพะผ ััะพ ะพะฑัะธะน ะพะฑัะตะผ ััะตัะฑะฐ, ะฝะฐะทะฒะฐะฝะฝัะน ะฒ ะฟะพััะฐะฝะพะฒะปะตะฝะธัั ะพ ะฟัะธะฒะปะตัะตะฝะธะธ ะบ ะพัะฒะตัััะฒะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฒ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะต ะพะฑะฒะธะฝัะตะผัั , โ 232 ะผะปะฝ ััะฑะปะตะน.
ะััััะพ ะฟะพะผะพะถะตะผ ะทะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะฟะธััั ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะะพัะบะฒะต ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ. ะะตัะฟะปะฐัะฝะฐั ัะบัะฟัะตัั-ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฟะธััั ะฒ ัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะะพัะบะฒะต. ะะฐะบะฐะทะฐัั ะฟะธััั ััะพะฑั ั ะพัั ะบะฐะบะพะณะพ ะฟะพะฒะพะดะฐ. ะกะฟะตัะธะฐะปะธะทะธััะตะผ ะดะฒะธะณะฐััั ััะพะฑั ะฒั, ะฒะฐัะธั ะทะฐะดััะตะฒะฝั
ะะพััะฐะฒะบะฐ ะฟะธััั ะะพัะบะฒะฐ ะฟะธััะตัะธั
The Australian city that became a global food and drink powerhouse
ะฐะฝะฐะปัะฝัะน ัะตะบั ัะผะพััะตัั
Sydney or Melbourne? Itโs the great Australian city debate, one which pits the commerce, business and money of Sydney against cultural, arts-loving, coffee-drinking Melbourne.
While picking one can be tricky, thereโs no denying that Australiaโs second city, home to 5.2 million people, has a charm all of its own.
Melburnians (never Melbournites) get to enjoy a place where nature is close by, urban delights are readily available and the food and drink scene isnโt just the best in Australia, but also one of the finest in the world.
Thereโs no better way to start a trip to Melbourne than with a proper cup of coffee. Coffee is serious stuff here, with no room for a weak, burnt or flavorless brew. The history of coffee in Melbourne goes back to the years after World War II, when Italian immigrants arrived and brought their machines with them.
Within 30 years, a thriving cafe scene had developed and, as the 21st century dawned, the city had become the epicenter of a new global coffee culture. The iconic Pellegriniโs on Bourke Street and Marioโs in the Fitzroy neighborhood are the best old-school hangouts, while Market Lane helped lead the way in bringing Melbourneโs modern-day coffee scene to the masses.
Kate Reid is the best person to speak with about Melbourneโs coffee obsession. The founder of Lune Croissanterie, she was once a Formula 1 design engineer and has brought her expertise and precision to crafting the worldโs best croissant, as well as knowing how to brew a coffee, and specifically a flat white, just the way it should be.
โGood coffee is just ingrained in everyday culture for every single Melburnian now,โ says Reid. โI think that that peak of pretentious specialty coffee has come and gone, and now itโs just come down to a level of a really high standard everywhere.โ
Thatโs clear when she pours a flat white. Describing herself as a perfectionist, the way she froths the milk and tends to the cup is a sight to behold.
ะัะตะดะปะฐะณะฐะตะผ ััะปัะณะธ ะฟัะพัะตััะธะพะฝะฐะปัะฝัั ะธะฝะถะตะฝะตัะพะฒ ะพัะธัะฐะปัะฝะพะน ะผะฐััะตััะบะพะน.
ะัะปะปะธ ะฒั ะธัะบะฐะปะธ ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพัะพะฒ samsung ััะดะพะผ, ะผะพะถะตัะต ะฟะพัะผะพััะตัั ะฝะฐ ัะฐะนัะต: ัะตะผะพะฝั ัะตะปะตะฒะธะทะพัะพะฒ samsung ัะตะฝั
ะะฐัะธ ะผะฐััะตัะฐ ะพะฟะตัะฐัะธะฒะฝะพ ััััะฐะฝัั ะฝะตะธัะฟัะฐะฒะฝะพััะธ ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ััััะพะนััะฒะฐ ะฒ ัะตัะฒะธัะต ะธะปะธ ั ะฒัะตะทะดะพะผ ะฝะฐ ะดะพะผ!
ะั ะดะพะปะถะฝั ัะฟะปะพัะธัััั ะฒะพะบััะณ ะัััะตะบะฐ ะกะตัะณะตั ะะฒะฐะฝะพะฒะธัะฐ, ััะพะฑั ะฟัะพัะธะฒะพััะพััั ะผะฐะฝะธะฟัะปััะธัะผ ะะตะพัะณะธั ะะพะธัะตะตะฒะฐ. ะะ ‘ะะตััะฒะตะน’ โ ััะพ ะฝะฐัะฐ ะพะฑัะฐั ะทะฐะฑะพัะฐ.
ะัะฟะพะปัะทัะนัะต 1xslots ะฑะพะฝัั ะทะฐ ัะตะณะธัััะฐัะธั ะดะปั ััะฐััะฐ.
https://www.ochistkakotlov.ru/ –
ะัะตะดะฟะพะปะพะถะธะผ, ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ัะฐะฑะพัะฐัั ะฟะพััะดะบะฐ 1065 ะผัะฝะธัะธะฟะฐะปัะฝัั ะบะพัะตะปัะฝัั .
ะัะธ ััะตะดะฝะตะน ะผะพัะฝะพััะธ ะฒ 3 ะะั ะพะดะฝะฐ ะบะพัะตะปัะฝะฐั ัะฐัั ะพะดััั ะฑะพะปะตะต 500 ัะพะฝะฝ ัะณะปั ะฒ ะผะตััั, ะธะท ะบะพัะพััั ะดะพ 50 ัะพะฝะฝ ะผะพะถะตั ะฑััั ััะบะพะฝะพะผะปะตะฝะพ ะทะฐ ััะตั ัะตัะตะฝะธั ะฟัะพะฑะปะตะผั ะทะฐะณััะทะฝะตะฝะธั ะะ. ะ ะผะฐัััะฐะฑะฐั ะพะฑะปะฐััะธ ะฟะพัะตะฝัะธะฐะป ัะบะพะฝะพะผะธะธ ัะณะปั ัะพััะฐะฒะปัะตั ะดะพ 50 000 ัะพะฝะฝ ะฒ ะผะตััั.
ะัะธะผะตะฝัะตะผัะต ััะฐะดะธัะธะพะฝะฝัะต ัะฟะพัะพะฑั ะพัะธััะบะธ:
โข ะฟะฐัะพะณะฐะทะพะฒะฐั ะพะฑะดัะฒะบะฐ
โข ะฒะพะดัะฝะฐั ะพะฑะผัะฒะบะฐ
โข ะดัะพะฑะตะพัะธััะบะฐ
โข ะฒะธะฑัะพะพัะธััะบะฐ
โข ะฐะบัััะธัะตัะบะฐั ะพัะธััะบะฐ
ะ ะฑะพะปััะธะฝััะฒะต ัะปััะฐะตะฒ ะฝะตะดะพััะฐัะพัะฝะพ ัััะตะบัะธะฒะฝั, ัะปะพะถะฝั ะธ ัััะดะพะตะผะบะธ ะฒ ะผะพะฝัะฐะถะต ะธ ัะบัะฟะปัะฐัะฐัะธะธ, ััะตะฑััั ะทะฝะฐัะธัะตะปัะฝัั ะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัั , ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปัะฝัั ะทะฐััะฐั ะดะปั ะธั ะธัะฟะพะปัะทะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
The Australian city that became a global food and drink powerhouse
Defillama
Sydney or Melbourne? Itโs the great Australian city debate, one which pits the commerce, business and money of Sydney against cultural, arts-loving, coffee-drinking Melbourne.
While picking one can be tricky, thereโs no denying that Australiaโs second city, home to 5.2 million people, has a charm all of its own.
Melburnians (never Melbournites) get to enjoy a place where nature is close by, urban delights are readily available and the food and drink scene isnโt just the best in Australia, but also one of the finest in the world.
Thereโs no better way to start a trip to Melbourne than with a proper cup of coffee. Coffee is serious stuff here, with no room for a weak, burnt or flavorless brew. The history of coffee in Melbourne goes back to the years after World War II, when Italian immigrants arrived and brought their machines with them.
Within 30 years, a thriving cafe scene had developed and, as the 21st century dawned, the city had become the epicenter of a new global coffee culture. The iconic Pellegriniโs on Bourke Street and Marioโs in the Fitzroy neighborhood are the best old-school hangouts, while Market Lane helped lead the way in bringing Melbourneโs modern-day coffee scene to the masses.
Kate Reid is the best person to speak with about Melbourneโs coffee obsession. The founder of Lune Croissanterie, she was once a Formula 1 design engineer and has brought her expertise and precision to crafting the worldโs best croissant, as well as knowing how to brew a coffee, and specifically a flat white, just the way it should be.
โGood coffee is just ingrained in everyday culture for every single Melburnian now,โ says Reid. โI think that that peak of pretentious specialty coffee has come and gone, and now itโs just come down to a level of a really high standard everywhere.โ
Thatโs clear when she pours a flat white. Describing herself as a perfectionist, the way she froths the milk and tends to the cup is a sight to behold.
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https://www.ochistkakotlov.ru/ –
ะะพะปััะตะฝะพ ัะฐะทัะตัะตะฝะธะต ะะพัะณะพััะตั ะฝะฐะดะทะพัะฐ ะฟะพ ะฟัะธะผะตะฝะตะฝะธั ะะฃะ ะดะปั ะพัะธััะบะธ ะะ ะบะพัะปะพะฐะณัะตะณะฐัะพะฒ ะพั ะฝะฐััะถะฝัั ะพัะปะพะถะตะฝะธะน (ะฟะธััะผะพ โ 12-21/831 ะพั 02,09.1997ะณ.). ะัะฒะพะตะฝ ัะตัะธะนะฝัะน ะฒัะฟััะบ ะฟะตัะตะฝะพัะฝะพะณะพ ะะฃะ ะธ ะญะ ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะฒะพะดะฐั ะะะ, ะบะพัะพััะผะธ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัััััั ะบะพัะปะพะฐะณัะตะณะฐัั ะะธะนัะบะพะณะพ ะบะพัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะพะดะฐ ะฝะฐ ััะฐะดะธะธ ะธั ะทะฐะฒะพะดัะบะพะณะพ ะธะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธั. ะัะพะฒะตะดะตะฝั ะธัะฟััะฐะฝะธั ะะฃะ ะฝะฐ ะบะพัะปะพะฐะณัะตะณะฐัะฐั ะะตะปะณะพัะพะดัะบะพะณะพ ะบะพัะตะปัะฝะพะณะพ ะทะฐะฒะพะดะฐ ะธ ะดะพััะธะณะฝััั ะดะพะณะพะฒะพัะตะฝะฝะพััะธ ะฟะพ ะพัะฝะฐัะตะฝะธั ะธั ะะฃะะฐะผะธ ะฝะฐ ััะพะฒะฝะต ััะฐัะฝะพะณะพ ะพะฑะพััะดะพะฒะฐะฝะธั.
ะะฃะ-38 ะพัะฝะฐัะตะฝ ะฟะตัะตะฝะพัะฝัะผ ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธัะตัะบะธะผ ะฟัะธะฒะพะดะพะผ ะดะปั ะฟัะพะธะทะฒะพะดััะฒะฐ ะณะตะฝะตัะฐัะธะธ (ะฃะ). ะัะธ ะฝะตะพะฑั ะพะดะธะผะพััะธ ะพะดะฝะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ััะฐะฑะฐััะฒะฐะฝะธั ะฝะตัะบะพะปัะบะธั ะะฃะ-38 (ะผะฐั 8ัั.) ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะฐ ะบะพะผะฟะปะตะบัะฐัะธั ัะปะตะบััะพัะฟััะบะพะฒัะผะธ ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะฐะผะธ ะธ ะะปะพะบ ัะฟัะฐะฒะปะตะฝะธั ัะดะฐัะฝัะผ ะผะตั ะฐะฝะธะทะผะพะผ (ะะฃะฃะ).
Youโve come across a bison in the wild. Itโs looking at you. Do you know what to do next?
Pendle
A dangerous encounter with a territorial bison and the subsequent viral video were not what Rebecca Clark had in mind when she set out for Caprock Canyons State Park in early October 2022.
She had been so enamored with Texasโ third-largest state park on her first solo hiking and camping trip there a year earlier that she decided to go back for more. Roughly two hours by car from either Lubbock or the Panhandle city of Amarillo, Caprock attracts visitors with big blue skies, brown and green prairielands and rugged red-rock formations.
Caprock has another draw โ its wild bison herd, about 350 strong in late 2022. But bison, the great symbolic animal of the Great Plains, werenโt on her radar. Until suddenly, they were.
The Texas resident recounted her experience with CNNโs Ed Lavandera, telling him that she came upon a herd while she was walking a trail back from Lake Theo.
โI decided to just kind of wait for them to โฆ get across the trail, and then I would pass them.โ But they werenโt moving away fast enough for Clark. She said she decided to just walk by them โ closer than the recommended safety distance. She was recording the moment on her smartphone.
In her video, Clark can be heard saying, โThank you, I appreciate itโ as she passes the animals.
Things got dangerous very quickly when one of the agitated bison took notice. โWhen I saw him turn, itโs like instantly I knew he was gonna come after me.โ
And thatโs exactly what the bison did. Once it charged, the large mammal was upon Clark within two seconds despite her frantic attempt to flee.
โIt was so fast. He hit me in the back, rammed me, hooked me, then flipped me up and face forward into the mesquite bush.โ
And there was Clark. Gored, bleeding and alone. How would she survive?
They fell in love three decades ago. Now they pilot planes together
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On their first flight together, Joel Atkinson and Shelley Atkinson couldnโt contain their excitement. They enthused to the flight attendants. They posed for photos. They told passengers via a pre-flight announcement.
โWe made a big deal about it,โ Joel tells CNN Travel.
Then, right before take off, Joel and Shelley sat side by side in the flight deck, just the two of them. Theyโd come full circle, and were about to embark on an exciting new chapter.
โIt felt amazing,โ Shelley tells CNN Travel.
โAs we prepared to take off, I was giddy, euphoric,โ says Joel.
Joel and Shelley met as twentysomethings flying jets in the US Air Force. They became fast friends, then, over time, fell in love.
Today, theyโve been married for 27 years and counting. Theyโve brought up two kids together. And now theyโre both pilots for Southwest Airlines. They regularly fly together, with Joel as captain and Shelley as first officer.
The couple say working together is โamazing.โ They treat layovers as โdate nights.โ They learn from one anotherโs respective โwisdom and judgment.โ
And no, they donโt argue mid-flight.
โPeople ask us, how does it work, flying together?โ says Joel. โWe know a few pilot couples and some of them fly together, some of them donโt. Iโve heard people say, โOh I could never fly with my wife or my husband.โโ
For Joel and Shelley, working together is seamless โ a joy that comes easily to them both.
โWeโre best friends,โ says Shelley.
โThereโs just that unspoken bond,โ says Joel.
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Bug-bitten oolong? The secret behind Taiwanโs rare honey-flavored tea โ and where to enjoy it
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As the leaves rustle atop the hills in Nantou, Taiwanโs largest tea-producing area, the farm suddenly comes alive, millions of tiny green bugs hopping into the air.
While many farmers might frown at the sight of these pests munching on their crops, Lee Ming-cheng, a third-generation tea farmer and maker, canโt hide the broad smile on his sun-kissed face.
This โgreen insect fog,โ as locals call it, is a sign theyโll have a good harvest of Gui Fei Oolong (also known as Honey Flavor Dong Ding Oolong or Concubine Oolong), a special tea thatโs prized for offering a hint of honey flavor.
And itโs these endemic insects, called Jacobiasca formosana, or tea jassids, that are to thank for it.
When the jassids feed, the leaves go into defensive mode and produce a sweetened hormone that tastes and smells like honey, creating one of the worldโs most intriguing teas: mixiang cha, or honey-fragrance tea.
The bug-bitten leaves are oxidized and roasted to create a variety of beverages. Thereโs mixiang black tea (made with fully oxidized leaves) and oolong teas like Oriental Beauty (partially oxidized and not roasted) and the previously mentioned Concubine Tea (partially oxidized and roasted), to name a few.
Unlike Taiwanโs ubiquitous bubble tea, mixiang tea is still highly limited and largely off-the-radar. But what was once a hidden gem among serious tea lovers is now starting to gain international attention.
He thought the guy he met on vacation was just a fling. He turned out to be the love of his life
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Guillermo Barrantes relationship with Larry Mock was supposed to begin and end in Palm Springs.
It was a โcasual, brief encounter.โ A vacation dalliance that only lasted half a day.
โIt was just so casual, so easily nothing could have happened from it,โ Guillermo tells CNN Travel. โWe could have walked away and just had our lives separate. But of course that didnโt happen, because it wasnโt meant to be that way. It was meant to be the way that it was. That it is.โ
It all started in summer 2013. Guillermo – then in his early 40s – was on vacation in the California resort city of Palm Springs. He was in a phase of life where, he says, he was prioritizing himself, and wasnโt interested in long term romance.
โI thrived in being by myself, in traveling by myself, in having dinner by myself โ I loved all of that so much,โ says Guillermo, who lived in Boston, Massachusetts at the time.
โI wanted no commitment, I wanted no emotional entanglement of any kind. I wanted to have fun, get to know myself. And it was in that mode that I met Larry, when I wasnโt really looking.โ
During the vacation in Palm Springs, Guillermo was staying at a friendโs apartment, and while the friend worked during the day, Guillermo passed his time at a โrun-down, no-frillsโ resort a couple of blocks away.
โYou could just pay for a day pass, theyโd give you a towel, and you could be in the pool and use their bar,โ he recalls.
One day, as he was walking the palm tree-lined streets to the resort, Guillermo swiped right on a guy on a dating app โ Larry Mock, mid-40s, friendly smile. The two men exchanged a few messages back and forth. Larry said he was also on vacation in Palm Springs, staying in the resort Guillermo kept frequenting.
They arranged to meet there for a drink by the pool. Guillermo was looking forward to meeting Larry, expecting โsome casual fun.โ
Then, when Guillermo and Larry met, there was โchemistryโ right away. Guillermo calls their connection โmagnetic.โ
โMy impression of Larry: sexy, handsome and warm,โ he recalls.
โA short and significant relationshipโ: How a piano in a pickup builds connections
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Dozens of internationally renowned recording artists give concerts in Vegas every year, but the musician who connects best with people might be a local troubadour who improvises on a piano in the back of his pickup.
The maestro, Danny Kean, calls his setup The Traveling Piano, and he has traversed North America sharing music for nearly 20 years.
Keanโs home base is Las Vegas now, and every time he plays, he invites passersby to climb aboard the truck and tickle the ivory for themselves. Even if people are shy or say they canโt do it, Kean usually convinces them to give it a try, inspiring total strangers to express themselves through the common language of music.
He estimates more than 100,000 people have played his piano since 2006.
For most of these impromptu virtuosos, the experience is cathartic โ many of them step down from the truck in tears. For Kean, 69, the encounters nourish his soul.
โI enjoy sharing my music with others, but I enjoy having others share theirs with me just as much,โ he said. โMy goal is to connect with others by creating a short and significant relationship. Music is a great facilitator for that in every way and on every level.โ
Kean does not accept fees or tips for these musical awakenings, giving away time and energy for nothing in return. He practices philanthropy in other ways, too, providing food and other necessities for the burgeoning population of unhoused individuals in downtown Las Vegas and around the Las Vegas Valley.
โI love the idea of strangers becoming less afraid of each other,โ he said. โThis love for humanity drives me to keep doing good.โ
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In China, people are hiring โclimbing buddiesโ for big money. The more attractive they are, the higher the price
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Wendy Chen decided to challenge herself by climbing Mount Tai, a well-known mountain in eastern China.
But there was one obstacle in her way: she couldnโt find a friend to join her for the five-hour trek.
Rather than forgo her plans, the 25-year-old hired a โclimbing buddy,โ a young man with extensive outdoor experience, to accompany and support her to the 5,000-foot peak.
Known in Chinese as โpei paโ (meaning โaccompany to climbโ), these are young Chinese men who join strangers on their journeys up popular mountains for a price. The trend has gained momentum this year, as hashtags related to โclimbing buddyโ have had over 100 million views on Chinese social media.
Young, athletic individuals, often university students or even military veterans, advertise themselves on social media platforms like Xiaohongshu and Douyin, with profiles featuring their height, fitness level and hiking experience. They usually charge between 200 to 600 yuan ($30 to $85) per trip.
During the climb, these โbuddiesโ will do anything to distract their clients from feeling exhausted and push them to keep going: from singing, telling jokes, playing music, verbal encouragement, going so far as carrying their bags, holding their hands, and pulling them.
A day on the mountain
Chen and her climbing buddyโs adventure began at around 8:00 pm so she could arrive at the peak in time for the famous sunrise. After assessing her fitness level, her climbing buddy planned a moderate route and carried her backpack the whole way.
When they faced chilling winds at the peak, Chenโs climbing buddy rented a thick coat for her while directing her to a walled shelter.
At the moment the sun rose, Chenโs climbing buddy was already prepared with a national flag and other props so that she could take a memorable photo. Though she felt his photography skills still had room to improve, she rated her climbing buddy as โsatisfactory.โ The service cost her 350 yuan ($49).
Though Chen paid a typical price for a climbing buddy, she acknowledges that more good-looking buddies can command higher rates.
โAttractiveness is also part of their strength,โ she says.
Climbing buddiesโ main customers tend to be single young women, but thatโs slowly changing.
A video of a strong male university student carrying a three-year-old effortlessly up a steep mountain โ while the toddlerโs mother trailed far behind โ went viral this summer.
The surprising history of the Fair Isle sweater
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Which fashion item is as beloved by members of the royal family as it is by JLo? Or as relevant on the runways of 2024 as in the knitting catalogs of 1960? The answer is surprisingly festive. The Fair Isle knit, a two-stranded knitting tradition originating off the coast of Scotland, has been a wardrobe staple for well over 100 years โ keeping everyone from 18th century fisherman to Mick Jagger warm.
In the last five years, luxury brands Ralph Lauren, Thom Browne, Chanel, Celine, Balenciaga, Raf Simons, Versace and Dries van Noten have all sent their renditions of the heritage knit down the catwalk. London-based designer Molly Goddard has even made the pattern something of an unofficial signature, making sure to pair a structured Fair Isle-style knit with a flouncy, tulle skirt in almost every collection.
In short, it has become a winter classic that seems perpetually in vogue. Rom-com leading man, Adam Brody, recently wore a red and white version on the cover of Stylist magazine; while Katie Holmes was snapped running errands in an old beige Fair Isle favorite from 2022.
For those in the northern hemisphere, itโs appropriate to shrug on as soon as the nights draw in right until sweater weather deteriorates. That being said, even in season-less Los Angeles, stars like Hailey Bieber have been seen in the cozy Fair Isle knits grabbing coffees.
Taking its name from the island of Fair Isle โ part of the Shetland archipelago about 100 miles off the northeastern coast of Scotland โ the knitting technique first began in fishermanโs hats during the 18th and 19th century (our beloved sweaters came much later). The two strand pattern was not only artistic, but made the tall, conical shaped caps extra warm by doubling the textile mass. They often featured a knitted interior lining, too.
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Tesla is bringing its electric cars to oil-rich Saudi Arabia amid falling global sales
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Tesla will start selling its electric vehicles in Saudi Arabia, entering the Gulf regionโs largest economy as the companyโs global sales are sliding and CEO Elon Musk courts controversy with his role in the US government.
The carmaker announced Wednesday that it would host a launch event in the kingdom on April 10, where it will showcase its EVs. Attendees will also have the chance to โexperience the future of autonomous driving with Cybercab and meet Optimus, our humanoid robot, as we showcase whatโs next in AI and robotics,โ Tesla (TSLA) said.
Tesla may struggle to gain market share in oil-rich Saudi Arabia as EVs make up a little over 1% of all car sales in the country, according to a report by consultancy PwC published in September.
Teslaโs entry into the new market comes as the company fights battles on several fronts.
Last year, it recorded the first annual decline in sales in its history as a public company, posting a drop of 1%.
The company is facing intensifying competition in China, the worldโs largest auto market. On Tuesday, BYD, a Chinese maker of electric and hybrid cars, reported $107 billion in annual sales for 2024, beating the near-$98 billion notched by Tesla.
And last week, BYD unveiled an ultra-fast charging system, which it said was capable of adding 250 miles (402 km) of range in just five minutes, easily outdoing Teslaโs charging technology. Teslaโs Superchargers take 15 minutes to charge an EV, providing a range of 200 miles.
Tesla has also suffered slumping sales in Europe. In February, the carmaker sold around 40% fewer vehicles on the continent compared with the same month in 2024, according to the European Automobile Manufacturersโ Association.
While the Cumberland sample may contain longer chains of fatty acids, SAM is not designed to detect them. But SAMโs ability to spot these larger molecules suggests it could detect similar chemical signatures of past life on Mars if theyโre present, Williams said.
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โCuriosity is not a life detection mission,โ Freissinet said. โCuriosity is a habitability detection mission to know if all the conditions were right โฆ for life to evolve. Having these results, itโs really at the edge of the capabilities of Curiosity, and itโs even maybe better than what we had expected from this mission.โ
Before sending missions to Mars, scientists didnโt think organic molecules would be found on the red planet because of the intensity of radiation Mars has long endured, Glavin said.
Curiosity wonโt return to Yellowknife Bay during its mission, but there are still pristine pieces of the Cumberland sample aboard. Next, the team wants to design a new experiment to see what it can detect. If the team can identify similar long-chain molecules, it would mark another step forward that might help researchers determine their origins, Freissinet said.
โThatโs the most precious sample we have on board โฆ waiting for us to run the perfect experiment on it,โ she said. โIt holds secrets, and we need to decipher the secrets.โ
Briony Horgan, coinvestigator on the Perseverance rover mission and professor of planetary science at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, called the detection โa big win for the whole team.โ Horgan was not involved the study.
โThis detection really confirms our hopes that sediments laid down in ancient watery environments on Mars could preserve a treasure trove of organic molecules that can tell us about everything from prebiotic processes and pathways for the origin of life, to potential biosignatures from ancient organisms,โ Horgan said.
Dr. Ben K.D. Pearce, assistant professor in Purdueโs department of Earth, atmospheric, and planetary sciences and leader of the Laboratory for Origins and Astrobiology Research, called the findings โarguably the most exciting organic detection to date on Mars.โ Pearce did not participate in the research.
A long time in the making
Curiosity landed in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012. More than 12 years later, the rover has driven over 21 miles (34 kilometers) to ascend Mount Sharp, which is within the crater. The featureโs many layers preserve millions of years of geological history on Mars, showing how it shifted from a wet to a dry environment.
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Perhaps one of the most valuable samples Curiosity has gathered on its mission to understand whether Mars was ever habitable was collected in May 2013.
The rover drilled the Cumberland sample from an area within a crater called Yellowknife Bay, which resembled an ancient lake bed. The rocks from Yellowknife Bay so intrigued Curiosityโs science team that it had the rover drive in the opposite direction to collect samples from the area before heading to Mount Sharp.
Since collecting the Cumberland sample, Curiosity has used SAM to study it in a variety of ways, revealing that Yellowknife Bay was once the site of an ancient lake where clay minerals formed in water. The mudstone created an environment that could concentrate and preserve organic molecules and trapped them inside the fine grains of the sedimentary rock.
Freissinet helped lead a research team in 2015 that was able to identify organic molecules within the Cumberland sample.
The instrument detected an abundance of sulfur, which can be used to preserve organic molecules; nitrates, which are essential for plant and animal health on Earth; and methane composed of a type of carbon associated with biological processes on Earth.
โThere is evidence that liquid water existed in Gale Crater for millions of years and probably much longer, which means there was enough time for life-forming chemistry to happen in these crater-lake environments on Mars,โ said study coauthor Daniel Glavin, senior scientist for sample return at NASAโs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in a statement.
Remote and rugged
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A more organic way to see this coast is by the multi-day coastal ferry, the long-running Sarfaq Ittuk, of the Arctic Umiaq Line. Itโs less corporate than the modern cruise ships and travelers get to meet Inuit commuters. Greenland is pricey. Lettuce in a local community store might cost $10, but this coastal voyage wonโt break the bank.
The hot ticket currently for exploring Greenlandโs wilder side is to head to the east coast facing Europe. Itโs raw and sees far fewer tourists, with a harshly dramatic coastline of fjords where icebergs drift south. There are no roads and the scattered population of just over 3,500 people inhabit a coastline roughly the distance from New York to Denver.
A growing number of small expedition vessels probe this remote coast for its frosted scenery and wildlife. Increasingly popular is the worldโs largest fjord system of Scoresby Sound with its sharp-fanged mountains and hanging valleys choked by glaciers. Sailing north is the prosaically named North East Greenland National Park, fabulous for spotting wildlife on the tundra.
Travelers come to see polar bears which, during the northern hemisphereโs summer, move closer to land as the sea-ice melts. There are also musk oxen, great flocks of migrating geese, Arctic foxes and walrus.
Some of these animals are fair game for the local communities. Perhaps Greenlandโs most interesting cultural visit is to a village that will take longer to learn how to pronounce than actually walk around โ Ittoqqortoormiit. Five hundred miles north of its neighboring settlement, the 345 locals are frozen in for nine months of the year. Ships sail in to meet them during the brief summer melt between June and August.
Locked in by ice, theyโve retained traditional habits.
โMy parents hunt nearly all their food,โ said Mette Barselajsen, who owns Ittoqqortoormiitโs only guesthouse. โThey prefer the old ways, burying it in the ground to ferment and preserve it. Just one muskox can bring 440 pounds of meat.โ
Siham Haleem, a private tour guide for 15 years, says that Doha now has many world-class, modern museums โ the National Museum of Qatar being a firm personal favorite. And yet he says that visiting Sheikh Faisalโs museum should still be on everybodyโs to-do list.
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โFor those eager to learn about Qatarโs โ and the regionโs โ heritage and beyond, the museum is an ideal destination,โ he says. โPersonally, Iโm captivated by the car collection, the fossils, and especially the Syrian house, painstakingly transported and reassembled piece by piece.โ
Stephanie Y. Martinez, a Mexican-American student mobility manager at Texas A&M University in Qatar likes the museum so much she includes it on all of her itineraries for students visiting from the main campus in Texas.
โThe guided tours are very detailed, and the collections found at the museum have great variety and so many stories to unfold,โ she says. โTruly, the museum has something to pique everyoneโs interest. My favorites are the cars and the furniture exhibits showcasing wood and mother-of-pearl details. Definitely one of my favorite museums in Qatar, every time I visit I learn something new.โ
Raynor Abreu, from India, also had praise for the unusual and immense collection.
โEach item has its own story, making the visit even more interesting,โ he says. โItโs also impressive to know that Sheikh Faisal started collecting these unique pieces when he was very young. Knowing this makes the museum even more special, as it reflects his lifelong passion for history and culture.โ
It takes time and dedication to truly examine the many collections within the museum โ especially since most of them are simply on display without explanation.
Eclectic it may be, but itโs hard to fault the determination of Sheikh Faisal, who has brought together items that tell the story of Qatar and the Middle East.
Sarah Bayley, from the UK, says she visited the museum recently with her family, including 16 and 19-year-old teenagers, and was won over by its sheer eccentricity.
โAmazing. Loved it. It is a crazy place.โ
Curiosity rover makes โarguably the most exciting organic detection to date on Marsโ
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The NASA Curiosity rover has detected the largest organic molecules found to date on Mars, opening a window into the red planetโs past. The newly detected compounds suggest complex organic chemistry may have occurred in the planetโs past โ the kind necessary for the origin of life, according to new research.
The organic compounds, which include decane, undecane and dodecane, came to light after the rover analyzed a pulverized 3.7 billion-year-old rock sample using its onboard mini lab called SAM, short for Sample Analysis at Mars.
Scientists believe the long chains of molecules could be fragments of fatty acids, which are organic molecules that are chemical building blocks of life on Earth and help form cell membranes. But such compounds can also be formed without the presence of life, created when water interacts with minerals in hydrothermal vents.
The molecules cannot currently be confirmed as evidence of past life on the red planet, but they add to the growing list of compounds that robotic explorers have discovered on Mars in recent years. A study detailing the findings was published Monday in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
The detection of the fragile molecules also encourages astrobiologists that if any biosignatures, or past signs of life, ever existed on Mars, they are likely still detectable despite the harsh solar radiation that has bombarded the planet for tens of millions of years.
โAncient life, if it happened on Mars, it would have released some complex and fragile molecules,โ said lead study author Dr. Caroline Freissinet, research scientist at the French National Centre for Scientific Research in the Laboratory for Atmospheres, Observations, and Space in Guyancourt, France. โAnd because now we know that Mars can preserve these complex and fragile molecules, it means that we could detect ancient life on Mars.โ
Greenlandโs leader says US officialsโ visit is โhighly aggressive.โ Trump says itโs โfriendliness, not provocationโ
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Greenlandโs prime minister said a planned visit to the island by US officials, including second lady Usha Vance, is โhighly aggressive,โ plunging relations to a new low after President Donald Trump vowed to annex the autonomous Danish territory.
But despite the backlash, Trump has insisted the visit is about โfriendliness, not provocationโ โ and claims the US team was โinvited.โ
Vance, the wife of US Vice President JD Vance, will travel to Greenland this week to watch the islandโs national dogsled race and โcelebrate Greenlandic culture and unity,โ according to a statement from the White House. National security adviser Mike Waltz is also expected to visit the territory this week, according to a source familiar with the trip.
Greenland Prime Minister Mute B. Egede called the US delegationโs trip to the island โhighly aggressiveโ in an interview with Greenlandic newspaper Sermitsiaq on Sunday, and raised particular objection to Waltzโs visit.
โWhat is the national security adviser doing in Greenland? The only purpose is to demonstrate power over us,โ Egede said. โHis mere presence in Greenland will no doubt fuel American belief in Trumpโs mission โ and the pressure will increase.โ
Trump claimed on Monday that people in Greenland have responded warmly to the USโs recent interest in the territory. โTheyโre calling us. Weโre not calling them. And we were invited over there,โ he said.
โWeโre dealing with a lot of people from Greenland that would like to see something happen with respect to them being properly protected and properly taken care of,โ Trump told reporters following a meeting with his Cabinet.
โI think Greenland is going to be something that maybe is in our future,โ Trump added.
The president said he believes Secretary of State Marco Rubio would be traveling to Greenland too.
Trumpโs idea to annex Greenland has thrown an international spotlight on the territory, which holds vast stores of rare earth minerals critical for high-tech industries, and has raised questions about the islandโs future security as the US, Russia and China vie for influence in the Arctic. Trump has repeatedly expressed interest in the US taking the island by force or economic coercion, even as Denmark and Greenland have firmly rejected the idea.
Some scientists believe that fatty acids such as decanoic acid and dodecanoic acid formed the membranes of the first simple cell-like structures on Earth, Pearce said.
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โ(This is) the closest weโve come to detecting a major biomolecule-related signal โ something potentially tied to membrane structure, which is a key feature of life,โ Pearce said via email. โOrganics on their own are intriguing, but not evidence of life. In contrast, biomolecules like membranes, amino acids, nucleotides, and sugars are central components of biology as we know it, and finding any of them would be groundbreaking (we havenโt yet).โ
Returning samples from Mars
The European Space Agency plans to launch its ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover to the red planet in 2028, and the robotic explorer will carry a complementary instrument to SAM. The rover LS6 will have the capability to drill up to 6.5 feet (2 meters) beneath the Martian surface โ and perhaps find larger and better-preserved organic molecules.
While Curiosityโs samples canโt be studied on Earth, the Perseverance rover has actively been collecting samples from Jezero Crater, the site of an ancient lake and river delta, all with the intention of returning them to Earth in the 2030s via a complicated symphony of missions called Mars Sample Return.
Both rovers have detected a variety of organic carbon molecules in different regions on Mars, suggesting that organic carbon is common on the red planet, Williams said.
While Curiosity and Perseverance have proven they can detect organic matter, their instruments canโt definitively determine all the answers about their origins, said Dr. Ashley Murphy, postdoctoral research scientist at the Planetary Science Institute. Murphy, who along with Williams previously studied organics identified by Perseverance, was not involved in the new research.
โTo appropriately probe the biosignature question, these samples require high-resolution and high-sensitivity analyses in terrestrial labs, which can be facilitated by the return of these samples to Earth,โ Murphy said.
Why thereโs a huge collection of vintage cars stored in the middle of the desert
base bridge
Back at the turn of the 21st century, Qatar was a country with few cultural attractions to keep visitors and residents entertained. Yet the Sheikh Faisal Bin Qassim Al Thani Museum โ known as the FBQ Museum โ was a place that most people visited as an alternative to the then-still rather ramshackle National Museum of Qatar.
You had to make an appointment, and drive out into the desert, getting lost a few times along the way, but then you were welcomed to the lush Al Samriya Farm with a cup of tea and some cake. The highlight was being allowed into a space crammed full with shelves and vitrines holding all sorts of eclectic artifacts from swords to coins โ with the odd car and carriage standing in the grounds.
It wasnโt necessarily the kind of museum youโd find elsewhere in the world, but it was definitely a sight that needed seeing.
Today, it has grown and now claims to be one of the worldโs largest private museums. It holds over 30,000 items, including a fleet of traditional dhow sailboats, and countless carpets. Thereโs also an entire house that once stood in Damascus, Syria.
There are archaeological finds dating to the Jurassic age, ancient copies of the Quran, a section that details the importance of pearling within Qatarโs history, and jewelry dating to the 17th century.
There are also items from 2022โs FIFA World Cup in Qatar including replica trophies, balls used in the games, entry passes, football jerseys and even shelves full of slightly creepy dolls and childrenโs plush animals.
Some of the more disturbing exhibits include various items of Third Reich paraphernalia in the wartime room, and, strangely enough, several showcases of birdsโ legs with marking rings on them. Basically, whatever you can think of, you have a very good chance of finding it here.
Rumor even has it that behind a locked door is a room filled with the late Princess Dianaโs dresses and other memorabilia, accessible only to a select few visitors. Another door hides a room, no longer open to the public, filled with collectibles of the late Saddam Hussein.
ะกัะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั, ะปัััะธะต ัะตะฝั.
ะะฐัะตััะฒะตะฝะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ั ะณะฐัะฐะฝัะธะตะน ะบะฐัะตััะฒะฐ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝั, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะธะผ ัะฐะทะผะตัะฐะผ.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ะดะพััะฐะฒะบะพะน, ะฒััะพะบะพะต ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพ ะผะฐัะตัะธะฐะปะพะฒ.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะดะปั ะบัั ะฝะธ, ั ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะผ ะฟะพะดั ะพะดะพะผ.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝ ััะพั, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะฑัะดะถะตั.
ะะฐะบะฐะท ััะพั ะฟะพ ะฟัะพะตะบัั ะบะปะธะตะฝัะฐ, ะธัะฟะพะปัะทัั ัะพะฒัะตะผะตะฝะฝัะต ัะตั ะฝะพะปะพะณะธะธ.
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะถะตะปะฐะฝะธั.
ะะปะฐััะธัะตัะบะธะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ะธะฝัะตััะตั.
ะจัะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ั ััะตัะพะผ ะฒะฐัะธั ะฟะพะถะตะปะฐะฝะธะน, ะพั ะฒะตะดััะธั ะผะฐััะตัะพะฒ.
ะัะตะฐัะธะฒะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฒะพะฟะปะพัะฐั ะฒะฐัะธ ะธะดะตะธ.
ะะทะณะพัะพะฒะปะตะฝะธะต ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ะฑััััะพ ะธ ะฝะตะดะพัะพะณะพ, ั ะฒััะพะบะธะผ ะบะฐัะตััะฒะพะผ.
ะกัะธะปัะฝัะต ััะพัั ะฟะพ ะฒะฐัะตะผั ะฟัะพะตะบัั, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฑัะดะถะตั.
ะะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝัะน ะฟะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท, ะฟะพะดัะตัะบะฝะธัะต ััะธะปั ะฒะฐัะตะณะพ ะฟะพะผะตัะตะฝะธั.
ะะพัะธะฒ ััะพั ะฟะพ ะธะฝะดะธะฒะธะดัะฐะปัะฝะพะผั ะดะธะทะฐะนะฝั, ะฟะพะด ะฒะฐั ะฒะบัั.
ะญะบัะบะปัะทะธะฒะฝัะต ัะบะฐะฝะธ ะดะปั ะฟะพัะธะฒะฐ ััะพั, ะฟะพะด ะปัะฑะพะน ััะธะปั.
ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท ััะธัั ััะพัั ะฝะฐ ะทะฐะบะฐะท . ะฟัะพะบะฐัะฝะธะท
Of course, he said yes to coming back to the series, which eventually required him to live in Italy for a few months for filming.
hop exchange
During production, White revealed to Gries that Greg is โvery sinister.โ That became rather irrefutable by the seasonโs climax, which saw Tanyaโs demise orchestrated by her now-husband.
Come Season 3, Gries had to rewrite Gregโs backstory again, this time drawing from some unlikely sources for inspiration, like HBO docuseries โThe Jinx,โ about late convicted killer Robert Durst, and the case involving the man who came to be known as the Tinder Swindler.
Gries said he was struck by Durstโs โkind of seemingly even keel personality,โ which served as a model for where Greg was headed, someone โwho doesnโt really show a great deal of emotion, doesnโt seem to get too angry, just gets a little bit irritated and is dangerous.โ
โThereโs a bridled rage underneath. And those kind of people I find โ at least with respect to Gary, Greg, Gary โ fascinating,โ he said.
And yet, while searching for an empathetic way back to portraying his character, Gries kept wondering if there was anything still redeeming about Greg.
An important โwake up momentโ came during a decisive conversation he had with White just before filming in Thailand, in which the showโs creator said of Greg, in no uncertain terms: โHeโs a psychopath.โ
โAnd that was it. It was like, โback to the drawing board.โ And it really did help me,โ Gries said.
The penultimate episode of the series will air on Sunday, an evening that thanks to โLotusโ and other shows has again become a night of appointment viewing amid a general move away from binge watching. Gries said he appreciates the shift.
โWeโre a society that in a weird way doesnโt understand the beauty of waiting. The beauty of the space between the notes,โ he shared. โIf I binged (โWhite Lotusโ) Iโd feel like I just ate too many chocolates. It just wouldnโt be the same. You need to process this.โ
โThe White Lotusโ airs Sundays at 9 p.m. EDT on HBO, with the episode available to stream on Max. HBO and Max, like CNN, are owned by the same parent company, Warner Bros. Discovery.
New design revealed for Airbus hydrogen plane
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In travel news this week: Bhutanโs spectacular new airport, the worldโs first 3D-printed train station has been built in Japan, plus new designs for Airbusโ zero-emission aircraft and Franceโs next-generation high-speed trains.
Grand designs
European aerospace giant Airbus has revealed a new design for its upcoming fully electric, hydrogen-powered ZEROe aircraft. powered by hydrogen fuel cells.
The single-aisle plane now has four engines, rather than six, each powered by their own fuel cell stack.
The reworked design comes after the news that the ZEROe will be in our skies later than Airbus hoped.
The plan was to launch a zero-emission aircraft by 2035, but now the next-generation single-aisle aircraft is slated to enter service in the second half of the 2030s.
Over in Asia, the Himalayan country of Bhutan is building a gloriously Zen-like new airport befitting a nation with its very own happiness index.
Gelephu International is designed to serve a brand new โmindfulness city,โ planned for southern Bhutan, near its border with India.
In rail travel, Japan has just built the worldโs first 3D-printed train station, which took just two and a half hours to construct, according to The Japan Times. Thatโs even shorter than the whizzy six hours it was projected to take.
Franceโs high-speed TGV rail service has revealed its next generation of trains, which will be capable of reaching speeds of up to 320 kilometers an hour (nearly 200 mph).
The stylish interiors have been causing a stir online, as has the double-decker dining car.
Finally, work is underway in London on turning a mile-long series of secret World War II tunnels under a tube station into a major new tourist attraction. CNN took a look inside.
Water and life
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Lightning is a dramatic display of electrical power, but it is also sporadic and unpredictable. Even on a volatile Earth billions of years ago, lightning may have been too infrequent to produce amino acids in quantities sufficient for life โ a fact that has cast doubt on such theories in the past, Zare said.
Water spray, however, would have been more common than lightning. A more likely scenario is that mist-generated microlightning constantly zapped amino acids into existence from pools and puddles, where the molecules could accumulate and form more complex molecules, eventually leading to the evolution of life.
โMicrodischarges between obviously charged water microdroplets make all the organic molecules observed previously in the Miller-Urey experiment,โ Zare said. โWe propose that this is a new mechanism for the prebiotic synthesis of molecules that constitute the building blocks of life.โ
However, even with the new findings about microlightning, questions remain about lifeโs origins, he added. While some scientists support the notion of electrically charged beginnings for lifeโs earliest building blocks, an alternative abiogenesis hypothesis proposes that Earthโs first amino acids were cooked up around hydrothermal vents on the seafloor, produced by a combination of seawater, hydrogen-rich fluids and extreme pressure.
Researchers identified salt minerals in the Bennu samples that were deposited as a result of brine evaporation from the asteroidโs parent body. In particular, they found a number of sodium salts, such as the needles of hydrated sodium carbonate highlighted in purple in this false-colored image โ salts that could easily have been compromised if the samples had been exposed to water in Earthโs atmosphere.
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Yet another hypothesis suggests that organic molecules didnโt originate on Earth at all. Rather, they formed in space and were carried here by comets or fragments of asteroids, a process known as panspermia.
โWe still donโt know the answer to this question,โ Zare said. โBut I think weโre closer to understanding something more about what could have happened.โ
Though the details of lifeโs origins on Earth may never be fully explained, โthis study provides another avenue for the formation of molecules crucial to the origin of life,โ Williams said. โWater is a ubiquitous aspect of our world, giving rise to the moniker โBlue Marbleโ to describe the Earth from space. Perhaps the falling of water, the most crucial element that sustains us, also played a greater role in the origin of life on Earth than we previously recognized.โ
โWhite Lotusโ villain Jon Gries reveals the true crimes that inspired his twisty take on Greg/Gary
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When Season 3 of โThe White Lotusโ premiered last month, the shock was palpable when returning character Belinda recognized a familiar face at the resort in Thailand: Greg Hunt, the wily suitor of the late Tanya McQuoid.
As the season has unfolded, Greg (played by Jon Gries) has emerged as an antagonist, particularly after Belinda dove into the investigation surrounding Tanyaโs death and learned that Greg, who now goes by Gary, evaded questioning by authorities.
On a show famous for reinventing itself, the same has been asked of the actor, who says that playing the ever-shifting character has been a welcome challenge and, like โWhite Lotusโ itself, full of twists.
โIn the beginning, I totally played him for a guy who was, you know, on his last legs,โ Gries said in a recent interview with CNN, referencing Gregโs very apparent ill health in the first season of โWhite Lotus,โ which premiered to rave reviews in summer 2021. He added: โWhen you play a character, you want to find his empathetic side, and you want to understand where they came from, and what got them to where they are.โ
But when he was contacted by creator Mike White about appearing in Season 2, Gries realized he would have to adjust his framing of Greg, despite having previously imagined a โcomprehensive historyโ for him on his own.
โ(White) said, โIโm writing it right now, and Iโm writing you, and I just need to know here and now: If youโre in, Iโll continue writing. If not, Iโll stop,โโ Gries recalled.
Scientists redid an experiment that showed how life on Earth could have started. They found a new possibility
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In the 1931 movie โFrankenstein,โ Dr. Henry Frankenstein howling his triumph was an electrifying moment in more ways than one. As massive bolts of lightning and energy crackled, Frankensteinโs monster stirred on a laboratory table, its corpse brought to life by the power of electricity.
Electrical energy may also have sparked the beginnings of life on Earth billions of years ago, though with a bit less scenery-chewing than that classic film scene.
Earth is around 4.5 billion years old, and the oldest direct fossil evidence of ancient life โ stromatolites, or microscopic organisms preserved in layers known as microbial mats โ is about 3.5 billion years old. However, some scientists suspect life originated even earlier, emerging from accumulated organic molecules in primitive bodies of water, a mixture sometimes referred to as primordial soup.
But where did that organic material come from in the first place? Researchers decades ago proposed that lightning caused chemical reactions in ancient Earthโs oceans and spontaneously produced the organic molecules.
Now, new research published March 14 in the journal Science Advances suggests that fizzes of barely visible โmicrolightning,โ generated between charged droplets of water mist, could have been potent enough to cook up amino acids from inorganic material. Amino acids โ organic molecules that combine to form proteins โ are lifeโs most basic building blocks and would have been the first step toward the evolution of life.
The voice of โWhite Lotusโ star Walton Goggins is the lullaby we didnโt know we needed
jumper exchange
While his โWhite Lotusโ character Rick has been the source of some stress this season, Walton Goggins is here to soothe us into a state of dreamy sleep to make up for it.
The actor has partnered with relaxation and meditation app Calm for one of their famed Sleep Stories, lending his smoky voice to a fable titled โThe Yard Sale.โ
Goggins announced the Sleep Story on his verified Instagram on Tuesday, writing, โA friend once said to me the first question you ask someone shouldnโt be, โHow are you?โ but rather, โHow did you sleep last night?โ I agree.โ
The post included an excerpt from the story, in which Goggins is heard languidly instructing listeners to relax their bodies and get into bed. โYou could even climb into a hammock,โ he added. โI wouldnโt do that because Iโve never gracefully got in or out of one.โ
In the caption, the actor also wrote that he โwanted to create a Sleep Story that feels dreamlike, helping people slow their minds down by wandering through a yard sale (which happens to be one of my favorite things to do), uncovering hidden treasures.โ
โItโs the Walton Goggins version of counting sheep. I hope you enjoy,โ he added.
Other celebrities who have read bedtime stories in the hopes of putting audiences to sleep include Dolly Parton and the late Jimmy Stewart, whose voice was featured in a Calm Christmas Sleep Story in 2023 thanks to generative AI technology.
Goggins currently stars on โThe White Lotus,โ where his character is often the most stressed out and tortured of the ensemble, at one point setting a slew of snakes free.
โYou have a government that is reckless about what is going to happen to Guyana,โ said Melinda Janki, an international lawyer in Guyana who is handling several lawsuits against Exxon. Itโs pursuing โa supposed course of development that is actually backward and destructive,โ she told CNN.
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And while plenty of Guyanese people welcome the new oil industry, some say Guyanaโs startling economic statistics do not reflect a real-world prosperity for ordinary people, many of whom are struggling with the higher prices accompanying the oil boom. Inflation rose 6.6% in 2023, with prices of some foods shooting up much more rapidly.
โSince the oil extraction began in Guyana, we have noticed that our cost of living has gone sky high,โ said Wintress White, of Red Thread, a non-profit that focuses on improving living conditions for Guyanese women. โThe money is not trickling down to the masses,โ she told CNN.
CNN contacted President Ali, the Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ministry of Finance for comment but received no response.
Guyana, a former Dutch then British colony which gained independence in 1966, is one of only a handful of countries that is a โcarbon sink,โ meaning it stores more planet-heating pollution than it produces. This is due to its vast rainforest; trees remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow.
The country has protected its biodiversity where others have destroyed theirs, President Ali said in a BBC interview last year. In 2009, the country signed an agreement with Norway, which promised Guyana more than $250 million to preserve its 18.5 million hectares, or nearly 46 million acres, of forests.
Ali insists the country can balance climate leadership and fossil fuel exploitation. The new oil wealth will allow Guayana to develop, including building climate adaptations such as sea walls, he has said. He has also pointed to the continued failures of wealthy countries, already grown rich on their own fossil fuels, to help poorer countries with climate finance.
But there are concerns Guyana could fall victim to the โresource curse,โ in which vast, new wealth ?can actually make life worse for those who live there.
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Tyler OโNeill hits record-extending sixth straight Opening Day home run
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For six seasons in a row, Tyler OโNeill has homered on MLB Opening Day.
Making his debut for the Baltimore Orioles on Thursday, OโNeill started the season with his record-extending sixth straight home run on Opening Day during his teamโs 12-2 win against the Toronto Blue Jays.
No other player has homered on more than four consecutive Opening Days, with the 29-year-old outfielderโs three-run shot sending the Orioles into a 5-0 lead at the top of the third at Rogers Centre.
Todd Hundley (1994-97), Gary Carter (1977-80) and Yogi Berra (1955-58) all hit four consecutive home runs on Opening Day, while the Major League Baseball record for the total number of Opening Day home runs is held jointly by Adam Dunn, Ken Griffey Jr. and Frank Robinson on eight.
โIโm just not trying to make too much of it,โ OโNeill told reporters about his streak. โIโm just trying to go out, have a good first at-bat and see what the game gives me from there.
โObviously, I understand whatโs going on, but itโs not like Iโm going out there trying to do anything crazy.โ
OโNeill, who signed a three-year, $49.5 million contract to join Baltimore from the Boston Red Sox in the offseason, finished three-for-three with three RBIs and two walks against the Blue Jays.
โItโs a little different when the lights turn on and youโve got to show up, so it was really cool to see all the guys show up today,โ he said. โWe got after it out there.โ
While the first two games of the MLB regular season took place between the Chicago Cubs and Los Angeles Dodgers in Tokyo last week, Thursday marked the first official day of the season in the United States.
Critics say this power imbalance is clear in the 2016 contract Guyana signed with Exxon. Under the agreement, Exxon keeps 75% of everything it makes from its oil operations in Guyana, with the remaining 25% shared equally between the company and the government, which also takes a 2% royalty.
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โIt was a bad deal,โ Ali said in the BBC interview, but he has rejected the idea of unilaterally changing the agreement, which was signed by the previous government. He says the next contract with Exxon will be on different terms.
An Exxon spokesperson said the contract is โglobally competitive for countries at a similar stage of explorationโ and said Guyana is averaging $1 billion a year in โoil profits.โ
Exxon has also faced a number of lawsuits over its potential environmental impact, many filed by Melinda Janki, a Guyanese international lawyer, who drafted the countryโs Environmental Protection Act back in the 1990s.
A big victory for Guyanaโs people and environment came in 2023, when the court ruled Exxon should have unlimited liability for the costs of any oil spill. Exxon has since appealed the ruling and has posted a $2 billion guarantee while it awaits the appeal outcome.
Exxon said this commitment supplements โits robust balance sheets โฆ and the insurance policies they already had in place.โ Janki says this isnโt enough. Offshore oil spills can be extremely expensive to deal with, the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill cost nearly $70 billion to clean up.
The push and pull between those who say oil offers Guyana a brighter future and those who fear the industryโs impact will continue.
Exxon said itโs had a positive impact on the country, including employing more than 6,200 people, investing more than $2 billion with local Guyanese businesses since 2015 and spending more than $43 million on community projects.
Look of the Week: Naomi Watts is twinning with her canine co-star
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Whatโs white and black and red all over? Naomi Watts and her 145lb co-star, Bing, a Great Dane, taking a dog walk on the crimson carpet for the New York premiere of โThe Friend.โ
Directed by Scott Mcgehee and adapted from Sigrid Nunezโs 2018 novel of the same name, the film โ set to release in US theaters on March 28 and in the UK on April 25 โ follows a solitary writer and teacher named Iris whose life is upended after a close friend bequeaths his giant pet dog to her following his death.
In front of the cameras Monday evening, the โMulholland Driveโ actor and Bing looked like they were cut from the same cloth โ both in temperament and in their matching black polka dots. Watts was dressed in a white gown with fur-tufted spots that bore a striking resemblance to Bingโs own coat, but the Cruella de Vil comparisons ended there. Instead, Watts and Bing were captured in the throes of lots of paw-shakes, puppy kisses and head scratches.
The dress that Watts wore, titled the โDominoโ and designed by Jacquemus, debuted during the Spring-Summer 2025 Paris couture shows in January. The look was both elegant and offbeat, with a high-cowl neck and open-back, asymmetrical waistline that mimicked a French tuck. It was styled with a skirt that sprouted furry black polka dots, which close up were unnervingly reminiscent of body hair. But from afar they gave the impression of soft-edged dabs of watercolor bleeding downstream.
The look was styled by Jeanann Williams, who has also been working with โThe White Lotusโ star Leslie Bibb. Williamsโ decision to coordinate Watts with Bing was a new take on method dressing โ the thematic styling trend that has dominated celebrity red carpets since Greta Gerwigโs โBarbieโ in 2023. Since then, the sartorial trope, which connects actors to their on-screen characters through clothes, has become somewhat tired โ with some observers claiming that the 7-month-long โWickedโ press tour, in which Cynthia Erivo and Ariana Grande became prisoners to the colors green and pink, was peak saturation.
Aged 15, New Zealander Sam Ruthe has already run a four-minute mile. He would โlove to try and qualifyโ for the 2028 Olympics
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Sam Ruthe had the eyes of thousands on him when he stepped onto a running track in Auckland just over a week ago.
Undaunted by the occasion, Ruthe went on to become the first 15-year-old to run a sub-four-minute mile, even managing a nonchalant shrug of the shoulders as he crossed the finish line.
The race was almost entirely engineered for the high school student to break the fabled four-minute barrier โ a feat first achieved by Roger Bannister more than 70 years ago โ but the weight of running history was a burden that Ruthe seemed to bear lightly.
The first three laps, he later said in a video documenting the race, โfelt pretty comfortable โ nothing too crazy.โ
Perhaps the most intimidating part of his achievement occurred when Ruthe returned to school the next day, only to be immediately called into the principalโs office.
โHeโs like, โAlright, so youโre gonna have to go up on stage and weโll get the whole school to clap you,โโ Ruthe tells CNN Sportsโ Patrick Snell. โIt was really scary, actually. I headed into class and everyone thought I was famous.โ
Itโs easy to forget, given his history-making performance last week, that Ruthe is like most other 15-year-olds in New Zealand. He goes to school, spends time with his friends, and helps with chores around the house.
He also just happens to be one of the most exciting middle-distance runners on the planet, one of the latest star athletes to emerge from sports-mad New Zealand.
Ethereum makes the process of clearing bitcoins very easy and convenient for the client. This resource requires one confirmation of the transaction, after which new clean coins are sent to the specified wallet. Users can also control latency for processing their transactions. This is an offshore service, and its sites are also located offshore. This provides users with additional peace of mind and confidence that their data is strictly confidential. In addition, once the transaction is confirmed, users are sent a unique โdelete logsโ link, giving users the ability to manually delete their traces of transactions. Ethereum charges a modest 0.5% commission. This makes BTC Blender ideal for users clearing large amounts of bitcoin. Yomix : Zero-log policy Coin Mixer : Fast payouts Mixero : Excellent customer support Bitcoin Laundry : Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Bitcoin Mixer : It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit 1. Yomix – Zero-log policy Letโs take a look at another one of the leading bitcoin mixers which is incredibly easy to operate. Yomix has a straightforward interface and it is worth mentioning that the service fee is the lowest possible, it is 0.0% with 0.0002 BTC per extra address. Retention period is 7 days when it is easy for a user to manually remove all the logs which are saved for this period because of any future transaction-related problems. There is a time-delay feature, however, it is not possible to be controlled by a user but the mixing platform only.Two cryptocurrencies are also supported on Yomix mixing service. This scrambler is listed because it works quickly and it is reliable. The transaction fee is really low, only the amount of 0.0001 BTC needs to be sent for every extra address. Splitting deposited coins between 5 addresses is also extremely helpful for keeping userโs anonymity. Every user is able to choose an additional option of delaying the payment meaning that the transaction is becoming even more anonymous.Yomix is another one of the mixer that deserves to top most Bitcoin mixer charts based. For starters its user-interface is one of the simplest and easiest to understand. Then, it supports as many as 10 additional addresses, which is the maximum most mixers on this list support. Its fee based on address, 0.0002 per address, no service fee. It has a no logs policy with a 7-day default retention of the logs for support and transaction-related issues, although users get to permanently and instantly delete the logs manually whenever they wish anytime before this 7-day auto clear period as well. Does provide distribution control for each individual address separately; time-delay too is available although itโs randomly set by the platform and not user-controlled. The minimum limit too is quite low at just 0.0005BTC while the maximum limit depends on the real-time reserves. Bottom line, apart from lower user-control on fee and time-delays itโs pretty perfect.As well as others, Yomix has both a clear-web CryptoMixer. This mixing service is notable for accommodating extremely large-volume transactions. After public verification of their reserve of 2000 BTC there is no doubt that users can trust this mixing service and their cryprocurrencies will not be taken. The number of needed confirmations differs depending on the deposited amount, e.g. for depositing less that 25 BTC there is only 1 confirmation needed, in case of sending more than 1000 BTC a user needs to gather 5 confirmations. To use this platform, a Yomix code needs to be created. A user should note it, so it is easy to use it next time. After entering a CryptoMixer code, users need to provide the output address or several of them and then set a time-delay feature. A delay time is determined automatically and a user can modify it if needed. A service fee can be also selected from the table depending on the sent sum. Each transaction requires additional fee of 0.0005 BTC. Also, a calculator on the main page helps every user to see the amount of crypto money sent and got back after mixing. Pros: Fast payouts It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin community 2. Coin Mixer – Fast payouts This Coin Mixer also supports Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies like Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, and Litecoin bearing no logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.005 BTC, 0.01 BCH, 0.1 ETH, 1 LTC, and the transaction fee is 0.5% plus 0.0005 for each extra address. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation from 1 to 50. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Also, it comes with a letter of guarantee.Coin Mixer is another one of the mixer that deserves to top most Bitcoin mixer charts based. For starters its user-interface is one of the simplest and easiest to understand. Then, it supports as many as 10 additional addresses, which is the maximum most mixers on this list support. Its fee based on address, 0.0002 per address, no service fee. It has a no logs policy with a 7-day default retention of the logs for support and transaction-related issues, although users get to permanently and instantly delete the logs manually whenever they wish anytime before this 7-day auto clear period as well. Does provide distribution control for each individual address separately; time-delay too is available although itโs randomly set by the platform and not user-controlled. The minimum limit too is quite low at just 0.0005BTC while the maximum limit depends on the real-time reserves. Bottom line, apart from lower user-control on fee and time-delays itโs pretty perfect.Coin Mixer will be reliable and easy to use. It has been around for several years and is probably considered one of the most popular mixers on the darknet. Coin Mixer charges a commission randomly in 1-3%, and also provides sending coins to 10 different addresses for increased anonymity. Due to randomization, withdrawal amounts turn out to be unpredictable, which again increases anonymity. BitBlender requires you to create an account to use the full suite of tools, but if you donโt want to register, this mixer offers a โquick blendโ mode. When using the Quick Mix feature, you will be sent a code that identifies each individual operation to ensure that you do not receive any previously sent coins back. BitBlender provides two additional features. Auto-Withdrawal and Quick-Withdraw. Auto-Withdrawal will dramatically decrease your runtime if you have to constantly clean your coins. Quick Mix comes in handy for the casual user who doesnโt want to register.Coin Mixer runs on the Darknet and is one of the most popular Bitcoin toggle switches. This dark service uses new technology, it doesnโt just clean up your coins, you get brand new coins that have never been on the dark web. The cleaning process can take no more than 4 hours. To carry out cleaning on Helix in the basic version of Grams, you need to register, in the versions of Helix Light and Helix Market this is not necessary. If you still decide to use the Grams version, you will have to pay an entrance fee of 0.01 BTC. Helix has an additional feature (Auto-Helix) that allows you to specify which addresses your coins will be mixed with when they are credited to your account. Helix also enforces a โno logโ policy, all logs are deleted automatically after 7 days or by the user immediately after completion of the output. Helix has a third party server not connected to Grams. A number of Bitcoin client programs that he uses are located on a completely separate server from Helix and Grams. Even if Grams is attacked or compromised, Helix will not be affected. Pros: Provides user-controlled time delays It has a positive reputation among the Bitcoin community 3. Mixero – Excellent customer support Mixero is a Bitcoin mixing service that provides privacy by using the โBitcoin Mixer 2.0โ algorithm to shuffle bitcoins. Unlike other similar tumbling services that mix your coins with the coins of other users, this platform mixes your crypto with the crypto bought by them directly from the cryptocurrency stock exchanges. Mixero verifies the newly purchased coins with a scoring system with the help of innovative algorithms and outfoxes such technologies as blockchain volume analysis, cluster analysis, taint analysis, etc. It means that you will receive your BTC back split into random parts, and even at the different addresses if needed. Consequently, your privacy is protected as there is no connection to you. And it takes up to 6 hours to complete your request. Another privacy feature of this mixer service is that it does not require registration and it does not store logs. All the transactions are digitally signed with letters of guarantee that you can check on the website at any moment. They also provide 24/7 technical support. MixTum.io will charge you a 5% Fee from your transaction as well as a network fee of 0.00015 BTC. The platform provides two versions โ for Clearnet and Tor browsers.Bitcoin Mixer as the name suggests is another mixer, which lets us mix Mixero. Itโs an onion-only service, and the lack of a clearnet version increases anonymity. Offers quite a bit of control to the users regarding percentage distribution and time-delays. Percentage distribution can be specified manually, while time-delays can only be โselectedโ from the provided options. Minimum possible delay is 1hour, maximum being 24 Hours, with multiple choices in between. Although โinstantโ payouts without any delay are possible as well. A total of 5 output addresses can be specified for each mix. The fee isnโt user-controlled, and is set at 1% of the mix. Each additional address costs an additional 0.000001 BTC. They do not store any logs whatsoever. The minimum deposit requirement is 0.0002 BTC, smaller deposits are considered donations and arenโt refunded.This platform can work not only as a toggle switch, but also as a swap, that is, you can clear your coins and change the cryptocurrency to another when withdrawing, which further increases anonymity. As a Bitcoin mixer, this platform provides the ability to set a custom commission: the higher the commission, the better the privacy. There is also a time delay option that increases the level of anonymity by delaying the transaction by 24 hours. The service has an impressive supply of coins, so your transactions are made instantly, as soon as confirmation of the receipt of coins arrives, unless you manually set time delays. The minimum deposit is 0.01 BTC per transaction. Any smaller amount is also accepted, but is considered a โdonationโ and is not returned to Mixero customers. Finally, they also have a no log policy.This particular Mixero supports Bitcoin cryptocurrency and does not bear any logs policy. It requires a minimum deposit of 0.01 BTC and the transaction fee is 1โ3%. It supports multiple addresses of up to 10 and requires confirmation. No registration is required and it does offer a referral program. Pros: User-controlled time delaysAllows extra payout addresses 4. Bitcoin Laundry – Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions It is a simple service with a high level of anonymity. The Bitcoin Laundry mixing process is very simple and only takes a couple of minutes. You need to select one of the three supported cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash), enter the withdrawal address, set the transaction delay for any time up to 72 hours, send the coins to the specified address and wait for their delivery to the destination. This site is unlike the other three mixing pools. You can mix userโs coins: with incoming coins of other customers, private reserves of the service and investor coins. The service does not require registration. The mixing commission is not large and is taken from the mining commission, which is very convenient. The referral program at SmartMixer is one of the most profitable, during the first mixing operation you receive a smart code that is required to receive a discount on the commission, this discount can reach โ 70%. After each transaction, the user receives a letter of guarantee. All data about it is deleted after a day, while maintaining the complete anonymity of the client.Bitcoin Laundry is one of the most reputable and most user-friendly (in terms of the process and the rate of the fees per transaction) Bitcoin mixing platform available for users right now. It offers a straightforward process and flexible service fees that can be determined by the users themselves, depending on the service that they want.Bitcoin Laundry is an extremely basic mixer. It allows only 1 output address to be specified. The UI too is extremely simple and doesnโt feature any sliders or calculators. Users simply enter their output address and receive the funds as simple as that. The minimum mix amount is 0.001BTC while the maximum is 100BTC. Amounts out of these limits will not be mixed. Users have no control on the fee and itโs randomized between 0.5% and 1%. An additional 0.0005 BTC miner fee also exists. The time-delay too (if any) isnโt user controlled and the mixer sends out funds at its own pace. Its working infrastructure seems to differ from other mixers out there. While most other mixers have a โreserveโ, this platform seems to use miners. The unclean coins are sent to โminersโ, and the clean coins too are claimed to be sent out from โminersโ. It however doesnโt keep any logs and all information is deleted once a transaction is complete.Mixing Bitcoins is made simpler with Bitcoin Laundry. A mixer available both on the Clearnet and the Tor network. Offers complete control over the time-delays and fund-distribution. Charges a static fee of 0.3%. Maximum number of output addresses allowed is 10. Each address is charged an additional 0.0001BTC. Largest possible mix is 100 BTC, while smallest accepted deposit is 0.002 BTC. No registration required. Has a No Logs Policy, retains logs for 7-days by default. Although users can delete logs anytime before the 7-day period manually. Does provide Certificate of Origin. Also has an โInstant Dispatchโ feature of delivering coins without any delay. Pros: Uses stealth pools to anonymize transactions Extensive FAQ section 5. Bitcoin Mixer – It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limitAnother solid Bitcoin Tumbler option, Bitcoin Mixer requires a minimum deposit of 0.01 BTC to be made but makes up for this with a lower transaction fee of 2% coupled with a 0.0004 BTC network fee. Support for multiple addresses and customer options is provided with users required to provide confirmation for only 1 address. While there is no referral program available, Bitcoin Mixer does offer users with a letter of guarantee for their peace of mind.Bitcoin Mixer works by removing the link between your old and current addresses. Since the mixer destroys any connection between them, your traces of transactions and your identity become untraceable. The main advantage is the low commission. Bitcoin Laundry is a donation platform. They charge no service fees, only a transaction fee of 0.0002 BTC to the exit address, while transactions from 0.0005 to 38 BTC are supported. You can set 5 addresses and specify what percentage of the total amount will be returned to each address. You can select predefined or random payment delays for each address, making it even more difficult to track the transaction. Bitcoin Laundry boasts a โno logโ retention period policy and also allows users to manually delete logs with just one click if they wish.Supporting multiple types of cryptocurrency, Bitcoin Mixer is one of the most flexible Bitcoin tumblers available today. Besides requiring a minimum deposit, service fees are charged, and users are required to register to use this site. Referral programs are also on offer along with support for multiple recipient addresses (max 10).Bitcoin Mixer offers a unique service with a high degree of confidentiality, which will ensure the anonymity of your payments, by using the mixing of multiple Bitcoin addresses. Our system works quickly, reliably and with a small commission โ only after the transfer and receipt of funds to the final address. Of course, all of the data about your transaction will be irretrievably deleted. Pros: Excellent customer support It offers flexible transaction fees and a low minimum transaction limit
The surprising evolution of the weirdest animals on Earth, according to a new study
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The story of two of the strangest animals on the planet just got a little stranger, thanks to clues revealed by a lone fossil specimen that scientists now say represents a long-extinct ancestor. The new research could upend whatโs known of the evolution of the most primitive mammals alive today.
Found in Australia and New Guinea, the platypus and echidna are called monotremes, and they are unique for being the only mammals that lay eggs.
The amphibious platypus has a bill and webbed feet, like a duck, and a beaver-esque tail. The small creature spends much of its time hunting for food in the water. The echidna โ fittingly known as the spiny anteater โ lives entirely on land, is covered in pointy quills and has rear feet that face backward, kicking up dirt as the animal burrows into the ground. Neither animal has teeth, and though they both produce milk, they secrete it through their skin for babies (often called puggles) to lap at, because they lack nipples.
โThereโs plenty of weirdness to go around on these little things,โ said Dr. Guillermo W. Rougier, a professor in the department of anatomical sciences and neurobiology at Kentuckyโs University of Louisville who studies early mammalian evolution.
โThey are one of the defining groups of mammals,โ Rougier said. โThe typical mammal from the time of dinosaurs probably shared a lot more biology with a monotreme than with a horse, a dog, a cat or ourselves.โ Therefore, he said, monotremes provide a window into the origins of mammals on Earth.
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Orbiter Finance: Connecting DeFi Ecosystems
Orbiter Finance is a cutting-edge decentralized finance (DeFi) platform focused on interoperability, liquidity, and seamless asset transfer across multiple blockchains. Its suite of tools and protocols, including Orbiter Swap, Orbiter Fi, and Orbiter Bridge, aims to enhance user experience and expand DeFi capabilities.
orbiter finance
Orbiter Finance Overview
At its core, Orbiter Finance provides a comprehensive ecosystem designed to facilitate cross-chain interactions, liquidity pooling, and decentralized trading. Its primary goal is to enable users to move assets effortlessly between different blockchain networks, ensuring liquidity and accessibility.
Orbiter Swap
Orbiter Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol within the Orbiter ecosystem. It allows users to swap tokens across various blockchains with minimal friction, leveraging the platformโs interoperability features. Orbiter Swap emphasizes low slippage, high security, and fast transaction times.
Orbiter Fi
Orbiter Fi is the yield farming and liquidity provision platform of Orbiter Finance. It enables users to stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in liquidity pools across multiple chains. Orbiter Fi aims to maximize returns while maintaining cross-chain compatibility.
Orbiter Bridge
Orbiter Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It acts as a bridge protocol, securely moving tokens and data between different blockchain networks. The Orbiter Bridge ensures interoperability, security, and speed for cross-chain transactions.
Orbiter Finance Bridge
Orbiter Finance Bridge specifically refers to the bridge infrastructure within the Orbiter ecosystem that connects various blockchain networks. It supports seamless transfer of assets, such as tokens and stablecoins, enabling users to leverage DeFi opportunities across multiple chains.
Orbiter Bridge Finance
Orbiter Bridge Finance encompasses the entire cross-chain transfer and interoperability infrastructure provided by Orbiter. It integrates with Orbiter Swap and Orbiter Fi to create a unified DeFi experience, allowing users to access liquidity, earn yields, and swap tokens across different blockchain ecosystems efficiently.
Stargate Finance: The Future of Cross-Chain Liquidity
stargate swap
Stargate Finance is a leading protocol in the decentralized finance (DeFi) space, specializing in seamless cross-chain liquidity transfer and asset swapping. Its innovative solutions, including Stargate Bridge, Stargate Swap, and Stargate Crypto Bridge, aim to revolutionize how users interact with multiple blockchain ecosystems.
Stargate Finance Overview
Stargate Finance provides a unified platform that enables users to transfer assets across different blockchains efficiently and securely. By leveraging its Stargate Bridge and Stargate Swap functionalities, the protocol ensures high liquidity, low slippage, and fast transaction speeds, making cross-chain DeFi more accessible.
Stargate Finance Bridge
The Stargate Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It allows users to move tokens from one blockchain to another without the need for multiple steps or intermediaries. The bridge is designed for security, speed, and minimal slippage, supporting a wide range of assets.
Stargate Crypto Bridge
Stargate Crypto Bridge refers to the broader infrastructure that enables the transfer of various cryptocurrencies across different chains. It supports interoperability between multiple blockchain networks, allowing users to leverage DeFi opportunities regardless of the native chain of their assets.
Stargate Swap
Stargate Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) feature that allows users to swap tokens directly across different chains. It combines liquidity pools with cross-chain capabilities, enabling efficient and low-cost token swaps without leaving the Stargate ecosystem.
Orbiter Finance: Connecting DeFi Ecosystems
Orbiter Finance is a cutting-edge decentralized finance (DeFi) platform focused on interoperability, liquidity, and seamless asset transfer across multiple blockchains. Its suite of tools and protocols, including Orbiter Swap, Orbiter Fi, and Orbiter Bridge, aims to enhance user experience and expand DeFi capabilities.
orbiter finance bridge
Orbiter Finance Overview
At its core, Orbiter Finance provides a comprehensive ecosystem designed to facilitate cross-chain interactions, liquidity pooling, and decentralized trading. Its primary goal is to enable users to move assets effortlessly between different blockchain networks, ensuring liquidity and accessibility.
Orbiter Swap
Orbiter Swap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) protocol within the Orbiter ecosystem. It allows users to swap tokens across various blockchains with minimal friction, leveraging the platformโs interoperability features. Orbiter Swap emphasizes low slippage, high security, and fast transaction times.
Orbiter Fi
Orbiter Fi is the yield farming and liquidity provision platform of Orbiter Finance. It enables users to stake their tokens, earn rewards, and participate in liquidity pools across multiple chains. Orbiter Fi aims to maximize returns while maintaining cross-chain compatibility.
Orbiter Bridge
Orbiter Bridge is a core component that facilitates cross-chain asset transfers. It acts as a bridge protocol, securely moving tokens and data between different blockchain networks. The Orbiter Bridge ensures interoperability, security, and speed for cross-chain transactions.
Orbiter Finance Bridge
Orbiter Finance Bridge specifically refers to the bridge infrastructure within the Orbiter ecosystem that connects various blockchain networks. It supports seamless transfer of assets, such as tokens and stablecoins, enabling users to leverage DeFi opportunities across multiple chains.
Orbiter Bridge Finance
Orbiter Bridge Finance encompasses the entire cross-chain transfer and interoperability infrastructure provided by Orbiter. It integrates with Orbiter Swap and Orbiter Fi to create a unified DeFi experience, allowing users to access liquidity, earn yields, and swap tokens across different blockchain ecosystems efficiently.
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